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GE 5471 ROCK ENGINEERING CH 2 – Character of Rock Materials
Dr. Norbert H. Maerz
Missouri University of Science and Technology
(573) 341-6714
Instructional Objectives
1. Explain the role of testing intact rock materials.2. List the genetic rock types and subtypes, and predict their properties
as engineering materials.3. Classify rock types, using field tables.4. Explain the effect of mineralogy on the engineering properties of the
rock.5. Define strength, hardness, abrasiveness, durability, and swelling
potential, and predict the effect on engineering properties.6. Calculate bulk density, specific gravity, unit weight, and porosity of
rock.7. Propose rock tests that would better predict the engineering behavior
of rock masses.8. Solve using calculations, problems involving the following
properties of rock: Bulk density, specific gravity, unit weight, and porosity.
Role of Testing
1. Index Tests
2. Design Tests
3. Quality Control Tests
4. Research Test
Genetic Rock Types (what’s in a name)
• Igneous
• Metamorphic
• Sedimentary
Genetic Structures
• Jointing
• Faulting
• Folding
• Schistosity,
• Gneissosity
• Bedding
• etc.
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Rock Classification
Pictures from the collection of Dr. J. A. Franklin. Pictures from the collection of Dr. J. A. Franklin.
Concept of Families
• Rocks of similar features may have similar engineering properties
• GMU’s
Igneous Rock
Pictures from the collection of Dr. J. A. Franklin.
Metamorphic Rock
Pictures from the collection of Dr. J. A. Franklin.
Sedimentary Rock
Pictures from the collection of Dr. J. A. Franklin.
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Mineralogical Approach
• Quarto-felspathic (Quartz and feldspar)
• Lithic Basic
• Micaceous
• Carbonate
• Saline
• Pelitic
Clay Minerals (phylosilicates)
• SMECTITE (MONTMORILLONITE)
• ILLITE
• KAOLINITE (REFRACTORY CLAY)
• VERMICULITE
Engineering Characteristics of Rocks (REV)
Physical Characteristics
• Field Identification
Strength
Hong Kong Geotechnical Control Office
Color / Texture
Hong Kong Geotechnical Control Office
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Weathering / Alteration
Hong Kong Geotechnical Control Office
Rock Name / Structure
Hong Kong Geotechnical Control Office
Discontinuities
Hong Kong Geotechnical Control Office
Weathering
Hong Kong Geotechnical Control Office
PorosityMechanical Characteristics
• Strength
• Hardness
• Abrasiveness
• Slake durability
• Swelling Potential
• Other tests (see book)
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Index Tests
Pictures from the collection of Dr. J. A. Franklin.
Strength
Picture from the collection of Dr. J. A. Franklin. Diagram from www.es.ucsc.edu/~tulaczyk/EART142_2003/ RockMechanics.pdf
Hardness
http://www.hochbaulager.ch/usa/produkte/gruppe1/betonpruefhammer.html
Abrasiveness
Slaking Durability
www.hmc-hsi.com/pdf1/175.pdf (Humbolt)
Swelling Potential
http://www.ldg-gss.com/lab7.html
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SLIDE SHOW
(enjoy)
Visual Examination
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, F6, F7
Sandstone Thin
Section
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, SSS 8, 7
Sandstone & Dolomite
thin section
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, PP5, 4
Diabase & Gabbro thin section
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, PP8, SSS1
Schist & Gneiss thin section
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, SSS9, 11
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Point LoadTest
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, K19
Point Load Testing
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, 2Y 18-20
SchmidtHammer
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, K11, 12
HardnessTesters
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, K13, 15
Slake Durability
Test
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, AA1, F9
Shale Rating System
AA1, F9AA1, F9
From the collection of J. A. Franklin, E2