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Bachelor of I.T. - CSCI324. Final YearProject
LeSign Inc. 2011.
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Document Control
Prepared by: IT11/1G - LeSign Inc.
Prepared date: 11th February 2011
DocumentType:
Project Proposal
Document Title: CSCI321 Final Year Project
Document Revision History
No.
RevisionDate
Change LogSectionAffected
ChangeOwner
RevisedVersion
1. 11th
Feb2011 Document Created All Jon v1.0
2.15th Feb
2011Proposal Details revised All Jon V1.1
3.27th Feb
2011Proposal Literature/Scope
RevisedScope/Literature
ReviewJon V1.2
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Table of ContentsDocument Control..................................................................................................1
1. Introduction.......................................................................................................3
1.1 Project Background...................................................................................3
1.2 Objectives.................................................................................................4
1.3 Scope........................................................................................................5
1.4 Key Features.............................................................................................6
2.0 Literature Review.........................................................................................8
3.0 Project Management..................................................................................13
3.1 Project Model..........................................................................................13
3.2 Team Structure.......................................................................................153.3 Role Matrix..............................................................................................16
4.0 Software Project Plan.................................................................................17
4.1 Risk Analysis and Management...............................................................17
4.2 Resource Planning...................................................................................18
4.3 Gantt Chart.............................................................................................20
5.0 Bibliography / References..........................................................................21
5.1 Internet...................................................................................................21
5.1 Internet
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1. Introduction
1.1 Project Background
World Bank, World Development Indicatorswww.google.com/publicdata
World population: 6.7 Billion
World deaf population: 70 Million
That is about 1% of the worlds population who are deaf. In percentage, that may
seem like a number of no importance and concern. But in actual fact, we are
talking about 14 times the entire population of Singapore, being deaf. The most
common form of communication for this special group of people? Sign language,in its various forms and different languages.
Signing does not just apply to the deaf we are also talking about the mute and
those who are physically and mentally challenged who require the special
language to communicate their needs everyday. As the world population
increases along with the deaf community, how can we ensure the sustainability
of the sign language? Do those who are born healthy (and those who remain
healthy) see ourselves being able to accept those who are not as complete as
us? Are we able to accept those who are physically challenged in the society,
and perhaps one day, give them more important roles to play in the world on top
of their equal human rights?
How are we able to promote the use of the language? In relation to the deaf
community here in Singapore, we understand that currently there are no
electronic tools that can help/assist the learning process. Learning the language
can be tough, as such in this proposal, we explore ways how we can simplify the
process, making the language fun and easy to grasp.
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1.2 Objectives
The purpose of this project is to develop a translator tool which accepts Englishlanguage words and sentences, and subsequently output the text as signlanguage to the user. The tool must also allow expandability through an easyand interactive mean.
Sub-objectives will also include how the tool can become an easy and effectivechannel of learning and promoting sign language to the mass, throughinteractive and easy to use interfaces.
It is agreed that within the given specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and
time constraint, we need to achieve the intended objectives that is meant for
any teenagers to adults for learning the language.
The end product will be a Supplementary Tool to Learning Sign Language.
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1.3 Scope
In considering the given task ahead, the team agreed that the tool must
maintain the achievability of being specific and relevant, given the timeconstraint.
The team is looking into the development of a desktop-based product, whichaims to supplement the learning of sign language
Hence, the team will be looking at the project with the following highlights:
1. Development & Product EnvironmentThe product will be developed in a Microsoft Windows environment, meantfor running in the same environment as well. Developmental languageused for the development will be C# in Microsofts Visual Studio.
2. Database EnvironmentInitial number of English language words/pictures available for translationuse will cap at 500; with the option to expand by user with speciallydesigned GUI. Database architecture will be XML structured.
3. Processing/Application ConceptIn processing users queries and interaction, the team will propose theresearch and development of Natural Language Processing, otherwiseknown as NLP. NLP is a fine balance between a static text processingmethod and computer intelligence in processing the English Language as
English teachers would teach. This will be the core framework of thefunctionalities of the product, in identifying English language sentencesmeant to be translated.
4. Educational ConceptTo achieve all-roundedness, the product would include basic language andpictorial quiz and tutorial modules for target users to practice on. Thepurpose of the quiz and tutorials is to supplement the teachings in class,not to act as a replacement.
The scope of the project will not cover the following highlights:
1. End product will not aim to support multi-platforms, yet.2. End product will not require live connection for functionality.
3. Any other methods/forms of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems will not be
explored for the product. (NLP being the only core AI, if it is indeed
classified as an AI system)
4. End product will not include animations that involve modelling
display/interactions.
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1.4 Key Features
The team looks at the following functionalities we aim to achieve for the end
product:
1. Voice Sign Text Translation2. Mousing Around Mouse Over Tool3. SEE Personalized Dictionary Database Expansion4. Lesson & Tutorial5. Interactive Quiz
1. Sign Translator
This feature allows user to query the database of signs; with an option of input
by text or by voice. As the software aims to allow users to master with ease,the team is currently experimenting with the current technology how the ease
of voice input can encourage the use of the software. However, the technology
may not be matured enough and accuracy of voice recognition software is still
questionable. Intensive testing of the voice input capabilities will be explored
during developmental stages. The concept of NLP will also be applied here.
2. Mousing Around Mouse Over Tool
This is an interesting tool which allow user to simply highlight the words they
would like to search and query the database simply by right-clicking and
selecting Translate this. With that, a small box will pop out from the bottomright corner and show the sign language thats found.
There are tool that work the same way and we are confident that we would be
able to develop the same functionality for our own signing tool. Even though
none of us have ever developed or have experience in this kind of functionality,
we believe with much research we would make it available. This would achieve
the ease of learning while surfing, making usability with convenience.
The purpose of the Signing Translator is to provide a tool for user to search the
corresponding sign language of a single word or a sentence. It has more than
500 sign languages available in the database to start off the tool. This tool also
allows users to populate the dictionary of sign languages if certain word is not
available. The tool also provides various ways to search the database for a
specific sign language. Besides the regular way of entering the word with the
keyboard, the tool allows user to speak into the microphone to query for a sign
language. Above all, the tool allows user to query for a sign language just by
highlighting the word or sentence on the desktop with perfect and seamless
convenience.
3. SEE Personalized Dictionary Database Expansion
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There are various forms of databases available in the market namely, Microsoft
SQL, Oracle DB, MySQL and etc. However, we would develop our database using
XML files instead as it allows easy deployment and it easy management without
the hassle of installing databases.
These are known risk as XML serializing hasnt been much look into by either of
us and we would require to research on it further before any development.
The tool would allow user to add a new sign just by providing an image which
comply to a format size and its corresponding word which represent the sign. To
take this to another level, user can simply export the words created by ourselves
and share with other user. Others can in term, import the provided signs into
their own database.
The system will zip up all the files and allow user to share the zip copy of the
database. With a little knowledge of zipping the file, we would need a little moretime into developing this portion of the system.
4. Lessons & T utorial
As a supplementary tool to actual classroom learning, the team will also
incorporate tutorial lessons in the product. Basic communication skills and often
used words/sentences will be introduced in various environments, such as
workplaces & schools. While the product DOES NOT aim to substitute the actual
classroom learning environment, the lessons included in the product will aim to
provide tuition to learners of the language, through interactive environments,
depicting the actual physical environments.
5. Interactive Quiz
Finally, to prepare users/learners for their classroom examinations/tests, the
team has decided to incorporate a quiz environment in the product. The quiz will
allow users to go on trial questions, in forms such as video sign questions &
drag-&-drop sign pictorial questions. This promotes interactivity and allows user
to be adequately prepare themselves confidently for the actual examination.
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2.0 Literature Review
1. Sign Language History:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_language
2. Singapore Association for the Deaf
http://www.sadeaf.org.sg
3. A Critical Literature Review on e-Learning
http://www.ucsi.edu.my/cervie/ijasa/volume2/pdf/08H.pdf
4. University of London (UOL) Virtual Learning Environment (VLE)
http://itdl.org/Journal/Jun_04/article02.htm
http://londonexternal.wordpress.com/tag/vle/
5. NLP Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processing
Signing It!Sign language dates back to as early as the 5th Century B.C., where the deaf andmute would have already tried to communicate with one another using handsigns and gestures. It was from the 15th Century onwards that publications werereleased, documenting the teaching of the language.
Schools such asAbbe de lEpee in France and theAmerican School for the Deafwas subsequently set up, further promoting the learning and use of thelanguage.
Signing has come a long way, from the traditional gesturing of intentions, to the
documentation of official representations of the spoken languages/words. Intodays context, the world continues to look at how signing can be promoted tothe general masses, not just limiting to the community for the deaf and mute.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_languagehttp://www.sadeaf.org.sg/http://www.ucsi.edu.my/cervie/ijasa/volume2/pdf/08H.pdfhttp://itdl.org/Journal/Jun_04/article02.htmhttp://londonexternal.wordpress.com/tag/vle/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_languagehttp://www.sadeaf.org.sg/http://www.ucsi.edu.my/cervie/ijasa/volume2/pdf/08H.pdfhttp://itdl.org/Journal/Jun_04/article02.htmhttp://londonexternal.wordpress.com/tag/vle/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processing -
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Action speaking louder than words
There are different types of sign languages by different countries; this would
require the instructors to define the specific language that he/she is using in the
system. The instructor must have a significant knowledge about sign languages.
According to Sign It Services, there are a few types of needs that are required:
- Understanding the Interpretation Process
The process of interpretation requires the setting, speed or type of terminology
being used to be as accurate as possible to prevent message from being
conveyed wrongly.
- Types of Interpretation
Different types of interpretation employ intercultural and nonverbal interpreters.
- Code of Ethics
Eg. Interpreters/translators shall keep all assignment-related information strictly
confidential.
Interpreters/translators shall render the message faithfully, always conveying the
content and spirit of the speaker using language most readily understood by the
person(s) whom they serve.
- Deaf Culture
Patterns, traits, products, attitudes, and intellectual/artistic activity associated
with a population is said to have their own unique culture of the deaf community.
- Interpretation Techniques
Hand Position
Hand Orientation
Hand Movement
Facial Expression
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AmericaNo?
In an attempt to understand the preferred sign language to work on, the project
team had approached the Singapore Associate for the Deaf (also known as
SADeaf) to understand what signing is all about.
The Associations Deputy Director, Ms. Sandra Cheong had explained that just
like there are many different spoken languages in the world, there are also many
different languages in the signing community. The team had also found out that
the commonly use language in Singapore is known as the Speak Exact English
sign language, also known as SEE.
SEE aims to represent literal English, as it is spoken. It is derived from the
popular American Sign Language (ASL) in the 1970s. Since the end product is
intended for non-deaf users, SEE is highly recommended as users are able tobetter relate to it, as they are already using the spoken English.
The team had also found out that SADeaf conduct lessons through a classroom
setting, with a deaf instructor. Basic SEE Language classes are broken down into
different modules, and each module require 3 months of classroom learning.
When asked if there are currently any software that automates the learning
process (such as e-learning portals), SADeafs Ms. Sandra Cheong informed that
there is no such system in place, yet.
SADeafs Deaf Access Officer, Mr. Jimmy Wong did mentioned that they are
planning to work on a simple system to upload pictures and instructions onto awebsite for e-learning. The plan however is still just an idea yet to be explored.
Mr. Wong informed the team that if such a system would be implemented,
SADeaf would charge its users for it, just like how the association is currently
charging fees for its sign language courses.
Since the idea of sign language e-learning is still new, the team would like to
explore what can be introduced, with the aim of drastically cutting down time
spent in a classroom for hours. With more than 3 million users of the internet
here in Singapore (including the deaf) and the rapid expansion of the World Wide
Web, the team wants to tap and ride on this vast market, especially for those
who desire ease and convenience while learning a new skill. (in this case picking
sign language)
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Learning Electronically?
Students learning in classroom via interaction with the tutor are the basis of
much of the learning activity in any type of education requirements. These
include writing essays, tests or projects. The approach that they use to set andmanage the learning environment has remained relatively unchanged until
recent years with the use of e-learning tools to supplement the learning process
of students. The focus of this literature review is to analyze the current e-
learning systems have already been implemented in place of most education
institute (Eg. Universities).
The aim of this literature review is to provide a thorough understanding of the
current e-learning systems available in the education line. We will identify the e-
learning techniques, tools and approaches to further analyze the students
learning effectiveness via usage of the e-learning program.
E-learning is gaining popularity in the recent years through education, Schank
(2002), Roffe (2002), Sambrook (2003) and Tsai & Machado (2002) refer to e-
learning as communication and learning activities through computers and
networks (or via electronic means). An example of e-learning by University of
London (UOL), through its Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) it allows students
to access all the course materials, take part in seminar discussions, view videos
online and engage with students on the relevant subjects. Marianne Coleman
(2004) It incorporates an area for each module, which is timetabled for
structured learning activities. Students are divided into groups of about ten, and
each group tutored by an e-moderator. Bleimann (2004) stated that e-learning is
a self-directed learning that is based on technology, especially web-based
technology. He also stressed that e-learning is collaborative learning.
The notion of blended learning, which uses some combination of classroom and
e-learning. This is seen to have distinct benefits over desk e-learning as it
utilizes the benefits and possibilities of e-learning tools (good programmes, self
paced etc.), whilst allowing for the benefits of class room learning (the use of a
facilitator, social interaction, discussion and questioning) (Zenger and Uehlein,
2001; see also Voci and Young, 2001).
Another example of e-learning, that is closer to Singapore, is when someone
learns how to drive. As per the team members past experience in learning
driving, driving centres offer computerized mock quiz environments to its
students for their theoretical part of the learning process. Students would need
to pay for these mock quiz, and the quiz can only be taken at the driving centre.
The mock quiz will have a time limit of 30mins for the students to go through,
and the students would be logged out of the system immediately after that.
Students will also NOT BE given result slips after the mock test, hence they will
not be able to learn from their mistakes. The aim of the system is evident; only
to allow students to experience the test environment, and not meant for
learning. This form of paid presentation to students should be questioned; as it
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does not allow students to learn from the questions and it is purely for students
to get used to the environment even for getting used to the environment,
30minutes is definitely not enough.
In this review, e-learning has been defined as an essential part of learningenvironment. The importance of e-learning lies in the challenges of students to
formulate their own thoughts linking to higher level learning outcomes. It has
highlighted that e-learning tools can help students to learn at their own pace,
without stressing to complete on time.
Natural Language Processing (NLP)
The goal of team also includes engaging the emerging capabilities of NLP. It is a
concept used for understanding the language of interest, in this case, English.
As we develop this software, it is important that the linguistic requirements are
accurate and correct, especially so when we are developing the tool for learning
SEE (Sign Exact English). The end product should understand sentences and
differentiating them from different grammars in the English language and
translating them accurately to the user/learner. It is a method engaged to
investigate and evaluate the desire of a particular human language by the
machine. The technique is still relatively new and in research currently. The team
is looking into developing this concept into the product.
This technique would greatly enhance the end products capability in language
processing to provide accurate and dynamic translation.
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Requirement
Analysis
SystemDesign
ArchitectureDesignModuleDesign
SoftwareBuildUnit
TestingIntegrationTestingSystemTesting
U.A.Testing
Bachelor of I.T. - CSCI324. Final YearProject
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3.0 Project Management
3.1 Project Model
Project development will be implemented using the V-model softwaredevelopment process cycle. The V-Model, which can be associated as anextension of the waterfall model, allows process to roll back should there be anychanges to the requirements at any stage of the life cycle.
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TimeDurati
on
SoftwareDevelopment
ProjectStart
Project End
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The V-Model Software Process Cycle consist of a few phases mainly theVerification Phase and the Validation Phase. It moves from left to right top down
and back up. At any point of time should there be any requirement changes orsystem bug identified, the process will follow the red dashed arrow [
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3.2 Team Structure
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3.3 Role Matrix
Role Jonathan
Jenny Jacky YanLing
Project Manager Project Budgeting
User InterfaceDesign
Software Design System Analyst
Database Design Programmer
Analyst
Programmer Tester
Tester Design Deployment
Manager
Team Lead Jonathan Lou1. Oversee every aspect of project development and status2. Manage and delegate tasks within the team3. Ensures objectives and tasks are aligned and on track
Design Lead Jenny Goh
1. Responsible for full spectrum of project documentations, including version
controls, meeting minutes.
2. Project Finance Controller
3. GUI Lead Responsible for full spectrum of interface design & test phases
Software Lead Jacky Lim
1. Chief Software Engineer, responsible for software development (& lifecycle)
2. Lead Software Architect
System Lead Low Yan Ling
1. Testing Lead manages full spectrum of formulating and generating test
cases.
2. Database Architect, in sync with Software Leads project development
3. Research Lead
CSCI321 FYP
Cristal NgoProject Supervisor
Jonathan LouProject Team Lead
Jenny GohProject Design Lead
Jacky LimProject Software Lead
Low Yan LingProject System Lead
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4.0 Software Project Plan
4.1 Risk Analysis and Management
This section describes and identify the risk involve in the project. Riskmanagement is the process of identifying factors that may lead to a failure,integrity or availability of an information system. We need to identify the risks,analyze each and every risk factor, plan (or calculate) risks involved and finallymonitor the risk progress.
Risk Subject RiskDescription
RiskImpact
Risk MitigationPlan
RiskOwner
1. ProjectSchedule
Project deadlineoverrun
Severe Project schedulingand monitoring.
Team Lead
2. Human
Resource
Limited
experience/talentpool withdifferentbackgrounds ofexpertise
Manageab
le
Conduct team
induction,expertisemanagement
Team Lead
3. DevelopmentalTools
Enterprise &developmentaltools license feesmay be costly
Severe Conduct marketresearch forfree/studentdevelopmentaltools
TeamLead/SoftwareLead
4. ProjectCommunication
Miscommunication and breakdownbetween teammembers
Manageable
Ensure channels ofcommunicationsare open withweeklymeetings/conference calls for updates
Team Lead
5. Correctness ofProject
End product maydeviate frominitial statedrequirements &functionalities
Severe Ensure that atevery stage of theproject, a check isconducted to deterdeviation
SoftwareLead/DesignLead
6. Usability End product maynot be acceptedby usersbehavior
Severe Ensure UAT isconducted withstrict adherence tousers
psychologicalbehavior in mind
DesignLead/SystemLead
7. Robustness End product maynot be able tohandleunexpectederrors
Manageable
Test cases shouldinvolve potentialerror input forexceptionhandlings
SoftwareLead/SystemLead
8. Hardwarefailures
Unexpectedequipment ordiskcrash/failures
Severe Implement systembackups, copybackups
SystemLead
9. Maintainability Currentdevelopmentalscope limitingsystem
Manageable
Put in placedevelopment(coding) anddocumentation
All
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expandability standards forfuture references
10.
Interoperability Running thesoftware on adifferent platformwhich productwas developedon
Manageable
Standardization ofinterfaces
All
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4.2 Resource Planning
S/N
Role Number of workinghours
1 Project Manger 350 Evaluation of project Managing of project Monitoring and controlling of project Managing changing requirements -Changing and delivering configuration -Deployment of project -Close-out project -Package product
5060455040353535
2 Project Administrator 280 Project budgeting Designing components Implementing components Managing manpower Ensure project is within the stated budget Resource management (Workstation, meeting
place) Authorization of users for project files
45606530302525
3 Consultant 300 Gather requirements Analyse requirements
Prepare functional design documents Review test packages Sign off test packages Making appointment with customer for UAT Raising and managing change request
5555
4540254040
4 Software Engineer 300 Developing program based on functional
design document Developing software development plan Analyzing any software problem Managing of software changing requests Basic component test
606045454545
5 Solution Architect 300 Subject Matter Expertise Work Force Management, Supervision and
Mentoring Methodology and Quality Assurance Business Development Business Planning and General Management
6060606060
6 Test Analyst 300 Preparing of test package Conduct testing for project Improving test package
Evaluating project while testing Achieving acceptable mission
606060
6060
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4.3 Gantt Chart
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5.0 Bibliography / References
5.1 Internet[1] Sign It Services
http://www.signit.com.sg/index.php
[2] Sign Language Teaching Kithttp://www.nyp.edu.sg/SIT/images/citi/industryproj/sadeaf.jpg
[3] Unqualified Sign Language Interpreters
http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/translation/articles/sign-language-
agencies.html
[4] Types of Interpretershttp://www.ehow.com/list_5907488_types-interpretation-health-care-
field.html
[5] Deaf Culturehttp://deafness.about.com/cs/deafculture/a/deafculture101.htm
[6] Techniques for Interpretationhttp://www.suite101.com/content/elements-of-american-sign-language-
a108755
[7] Singapore Association for the Deaf
http://www.sadeaf.org.sg1. Ms. Sandra Cheong
2. Mr. Jimmy [email protected]
[8] World Federation of the Deafhttp://www.wfdeaf.org/
[9] World Bank, World Development Indicatorswww.google.com/publicdata
[10] Sign Language Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_language
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