Download - Functions of process management
PLANNING
PLANNING IS DECIDING IN ADVANCE WHAT TO DO, HOW TO DO, WHEN TO DO, AND WHO IS TO DO IT.
IT IS A MANAGEMENT FUNCTION THAT INVOLVES DEFINING GOALS ,ESTABLISHING STRATEGIES FOR ACHIEVING THOSE GOAL ,AND DEVELOPING PLANS TO INTEGRATE AND COORDINATE ACTIVITIES.
A PLAN IS A FORECAST FOR ACCOMPLISHMENT .
IT IS PREDETERMINED COURSE OF ACTION .
IT IS TO PRODUCES A SCHEME FOR FUTURE ACTIONS ,TO BRING ABOUT SPECIFIED PERIOD OF TIME.
DEFINITION OF PLANNING
“PLANNING IS DECIDING IN ADVANCES WHAT IS TO BE DONE IN FUTURE”-KOONTZ
“PLANNING IS ANTICIPATORY TO DECISION MAKING “.-R.LACKOFF
“PLANNING IS THINKING PROCESS, AN ORGANIZED FORESIGHT, VISION BASED ON FACT AND EXPERIENCE THAT IS REQUIRED FOR INTELLIGENT ACTION”.-ALFORD AND BEATTY.
Features of planning
PLANNING IS GOAL –ORIENTED.
PLANNING IS A PRIMARY FUNCTION.
PLANNING IS ALL PREVASIVE.
PLANNING IS A MENTAL EXERCISE.
PLANNING IS A CONTINUOUS PROCESS.
PLANNING INVOLVES CHOICE.
PLANNING IS FORWARD LOOKING.
PLANNING IS FLEXIBLE.
PLANNING IS AN INTEGRATED PROCESS.
PLANNING INCLUDES EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS DIMENSIONS.
PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING
PRINCIPLE OF CONTRIBUTION TO OBJECTIVES.
PRINCIPLE OF PRIMARCY OF PLANNING.
PRINCIPLE OF PERVASIVENESS OF PLANNING.
PRINCIPLE OF FLEXIBILITY .
PRINCIPLE OF PERIODICITY.
PRINCIPLE OF PLANNING PREMISES.
PRINCIPLE OF LIMITING FACTOR.
IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING
PLANNING PROVIDES DIRECTIONS .
PLANNING PROVIDES A UNIFING FRAMEWORK .
PLANNING IS ECONOMICAL.
PLANNING REDUCES THE RISK OF UNCERTANITY . PLANNING FACILATES DECISION MAKING.
PLANNING ENCOURAGE INNOVATION AND CREATITY.
PLANNING IMPROVES MORALE.
PLANNING FACILITATES CONTROL.
LIMITATIONS OF PLANNING
RIGIDITY.
COSTLY AND TIME CONSUMING.
EMPLOYEE RESISTANCE.
FALSE SERIES OF SECURITY.
MANAGERIAL DEFICIENCIES.
PREVENTS INNOVATION .
DIFFICULT TO PREDICT.
ENVIRONMENTAL TURBULENCE.
EMERGENCY SITUATIONS.
ORGANIZING
TASK MANAGERS PERFORM TO CREATE A STRUCTURE OF WORKING RELATIONSHIPS THAT ALLOW ORGANIZATIONAL MEMBERS TO INTERACT AND COOPERATE TO ACHIEVE ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS
INOVLVES GROUPING PEOPLE INTO DEPARTMENTS ACCORDING TO THE KINDS OF JOB-SPECIFIC TASKS THEY PERFORM
MANAGERS LAY OUT LINES OF AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY
DECIDE HOW TO COORDINATE ORGANIZATIONAL RESOURCES
DEFINATION OF ORGANIZING
“ORGANIZATION IS THE PROCESS OT IDENTIFIYING AND GROUPING OF WORK TO BE PRFORMED , DEFINING AND DELEGATING RESPONSIBILITY AND AUTHORITY AND ESTABLISHING RELATIONSHIPS FOR THE PURPOSE OF ENABLING PEPOLE TO WORK MOST EFFICIENTLY”- LOUIS A.ALLEN.
“ORGANIZATION IS THE PROCESS OF DIVIDING UP OF THE ACTIVITIES WHICH ARE NECESSARY TO ANY PURPOSE AND ARRANGING THEM IN GROUPS WHICH ARE ASSIGNED O INDIVIDUALS.”-L.URICK.
IMPORTANCES OF ORGANIZING
ORGANIZING HELPS ORGANIZATION TO REAP THE BENEFITS OF SPECIALIZATION
ORGANIZING PROVIDES FOR OPTIMUM UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES.
ORGANIZING HELPS IN EFFECTIVE ADMINISTRATION.
ORGANIZING CHANNELS FOR EXPANSION AND GROWTH .
ORGANIZING ACHIEVES CO CORDINATION AMONG DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS.
ORGANIZING CREATES SCOPE FOR NEW CHANGE.
PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZIATION
PRINCIPLE OF UNITY OF OBJECTIVE.
PRINCIPLE OF EFFICIENCY .
PRINCIPLE OF SPAN OF CONTROL.
PRINCIPLE OF ABSOLUTE RESPONSIBILITY .
SCALAR CHAIN PRINCIPLE.
PRINCIPLE OF THE LEVEL OF AUTHORITY.
STAFFING
STAFFING IS THE PROCESS OF MACHING THE JOBS WITH CAPABLE PEOPLE.
IT IS CONCEREND WITH SELECTION, PLACEMENT, GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PEPOLE IN AN ORGANISATION.
IT INVOLVES DETERMINATION OF WHAT PERSONEL ARE NEEDED ,IN WHAT QUANTITY AND OF WHAT QUALITY.
IT IS DEVELOPMENT ORIENTED AS IT TRIES TO REMAIN AND DEVELOP EMPLOYEE THROUGH APPROPRIATE TRANNING AND COMPENSATION PROGRAMMES.
FEATURES OF STAFFING
STAFFING INVOLVES PEOPLES
STAFFING IS DEVELOPMENT ORIENTED
STAFFING IS CONTINUOUS
STAFFING IS A THREE STEP PROCESS
I. HIRING THE RIGHT KIND F PEOPLE TO FILL VACANCIES.
II. DEVELOPING THEIR SKILLS THROUGH TRAINING
III. MAINTAINING THEM BY CREATING FAVORABLE CONDITIONS OF WORK.
IMPORTANCE OF STAFFING
KEY TO MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS
DESIGN A SOUND ORGANISATION
MOTIVATION TO DO OUTSTANDING WORK.
CONTROLLING
IT IS A PROCESS OF COMPARING ACTUAL PERFORMANCE WITH ESTABLISHED STANDARDS
IT IS THE PROCESS OF REQULATING ORGANISATIONAL ACTIVITIES SO THAT ACTUAL PERFORMANCE CONFORMS TO EXPECTED ORGANISATIONAL STANDARDS AND GOALS
A GOOD CONTROLING SYSTEM IS GENERALLY ESGINED TO KEEP THINGS FROM GOING WRONG
CONTROLLING KEEPS THINGS THE ORGANISATION MOVING IN THE PROPER DIRECTION
FEATURES OF CONTROLLING
CONTROL IS POSITIVE FORCE
CONTROL IS A CONTINUOUS PROCESS
CONTROL IS FORWARD LOOKING
CONTROL PROCESS IS DYNAMIC
CONTROL PROCESS IS UNIVERSAL
CONTROL IS GOAL ORIENTED
DELEGATION IS THE KEY TO CONTROL
IMPORTANCES OF CONTROLLING
ACHIEVEMENT OF GOAL
EXECUTION OND REVISION OF PLAN
BRING ORDER AND DECIPLINE
FACILITATES DECENTRALIZATION OF AUTHORITY
PROMOTES COORDINATION
SCOPE WITH UNCENTANITY AND CHANGE
LEADING /DIRECTING
ACCORDING TO DALE, DIRECTION IS TELLING PEOPLE WHAT TO DO AND SEEING THAT THEY DO IT TO THE BEST OF THEIR ABILITY
IT IS THROUGH DIRECTING THAT THE MANAGERS GET THE WORK TO BE DONE THROUGH PEOPLE
FEATURES OR DIRECTING
DEALS WITH PEOPLE
SEEKS PERFORMANCES
PROVIDES A LINK
PERVASIVE
DYNAMIC AND CONTINUOUS
IMPORTANCE OF DIRECTING
INITIATES ACTION ACHIEVES INTEGRATION
MOTIVATES PEOPLE
FACILITATES CHANGES
ATTAINS BALANCE AND STABILITY