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From gene to protein
DNA PhenotypeRNAReplication Transcription
*Transcription
Translation
*Translation
*Gene
The flow of information:1. Storage2. Replication3. Expression
DNA as the Genetic Material
Protein
2. Replication
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Review nucleotide structure:
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Structural analysis of DNA
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DNA Replication and Synthesis
•Complementarity
•”It has not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism … “
•Mode of DNA Replication
Semiconservative
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*Overview: DNA replication
*Complementarity determines which nucleotide will be added
*Chain elongation in a 5’-to-3’ direction
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Initiation
*Primase
*Strands must separate•Helicases•SSBPs•DNA gyrase
*Two strands of a double helix are antiparallel
•Continuous DNA synthesis = leading•Discontinuous DNA synthesis = lagging
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A large team of enzymes carry out DNA replication:
•Helicases
•SSBPs
•DNA gyrase
Elongation:
•Association of polymerase
•Sliding clamp
•Primase
•DNA synthesis (DNA pol)
•Primer removal and replacement (DNA pol)
•Ligase closes the gaps
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The Molecular Basis of Heredity
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The Flow of Genetic Information in the Cell
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The Genetic Code