Download - Forth Generation Network-1G 2G 3G
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Third Generation (3G)Third Generation (3G)
Major technologiesMajor technologies
BluetoothBluetooth Wireless LANWireless LAN (IEEE 802.x standards)(IEEE 802.x standards) WiFiWiFi
Short range wireless communicationsShort range wireless communications
Highly utilized and very popular: offices, airports,Highly utilized and very popular: offices, airports,coffee shops, universities and schoolscoffee shops, universities and schools
Two basic modes of operations:Two basic modes of operations:
-- AdAd--hoc networking: computers send data to onehoc networking: computers send data to oneanotheranother
-- Access point: sending data to the base stationAccess point: sending data to the base station
UMTS Main Requirements (3UMTS Main Requirements (3 MMs)s)
nn MMultiulti--mediamedia
nn MMultiulti--environmentenvironment
nn MMultiulti--operatoroperator Virtual operatorsVirtual operators
VideoConference
(High quality)
VideoConference
(Low quality)
Telephone
Conference
Telephone
VoiceMail
ElectronicMail
FAX
Electronic
Publishing
Electronic
Newspaper
ISDNKaraoke
Video
Catalogshopping
Database AccessRemote medical
service(Medical image) Video on
demand
-Sports-News-Movies
Mobile TV
MobileRadio
Image
Data
Voice
Multicast
Multi Point
AsymmetricSymmetric
Point to Point
Broadcast
2M
384K
64K
32K
16K
9.6K
2.4K
1.2K
News
Weatherforecast
Trafficinformation
Sportsinformation
LeisureInformation
Mobile Multimedia
WWW
e-mail
ftp
IP
telephony
etc
Information
Distribution
Services
Internet
Access
pager
Mobile Multimedia ServicesMobile Multimedia Services
Various Existing and EmergingVarious Existing and Emerging
Wireless TechnologiesWireless Technologies
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CConvergenceonvergence ofofHHighigh SSpeedpeed IInternetnternet && MMobilityobility
aa MMajorajor DDriver ofriver ofFFutureuture WWirelessireless
The Wireless Industry has grown at enormous paceThe Wireless Industry has grown at enormous pace
over the past decade.over the past decade.
More than a billion subscribers to cellular servicesMore than a billion subscribers to cellular services
are enjoying the benefits of staying connected whileare enjoying the benefits of staying connected while
on the move.on the move.
With the growth in Internet, a wide range of servicesWith the growth in Internet, a wide range of services
are accessed by users through a wired infrastructure.are accessed by users through a wired infrastructure.
The introduction of mobile Internet brought about byThe introduction of mobile Internet brought about by
the convergence of Mobile & Internet technologies isthe convergence of Mobile & Internet technologies is
the future objective.the future objective.
Limitations of 3GLimitations of 3G
Difficulty of CDMA to provide higher data ratesDifficulty of CDMA to provide higher data rates
Need for continuously increasing data rate andNeed for continuously increasing data rate andbandwidth to meet the multimedia requirementsbandwidth to meet the multimedia requirements
Limitation of spectrum and itLimitation of spectrum and its allocations allocation
Inability to roam between different servicesInability to roam between different services
To provide a seamless transport endTo provide a seamless transport end--toto--end mechanismend mechanism
To introduce a better system with reduces costTo introduce a better system with reduces cost
The user has freedom and flexibilityThe user has freedom and flexibility
to select any desired service withto select any desired service with
reasonablereasonable QoSQoSandandaffordable price,affordable price,
anytime, anywhere.anytime, anywhere.
4G Concept4G ConceptDesign ObjectivesDesign Objectives
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Next Generation will also have specificallyNext Generation will also have specifically
needs to resolve itneeds to resolve its own multiple issuess own multiple issues
Heterogeneous networksHeterogeneous networks
Access, handAccess, handoverover
Location coordination, resourceLocation coordination, resource coordinationcoordination
Adding new usersAdding new users
Support for multicastingSupport for multicasting
QoSQoS, wireless security and authentication, wireless security and authentication Network failure backupNetwork failure backup
Pricing and billingPricing and billing
Internet
IPIPv6v6 backbonebackbone
BillingBillingSignallingSignalling
GatewayGateway
UMTSUMTS
Broadcast NetworksBroadcast Networks
(DAB, DVB(DAB, DVB--T)T)
Satellite FESSatellite FES
GSM / GPRSGSM / GPRS
IPIP--basedbased
micromicro--mobilitymobility WirelessWirelessLANsLANs
ISPISPSIP ProxySIP Proxy
ServerServer
HeterogeneousHeterogeneous NNetworksetworks
Network SelectionNetwork Selection
Most Appropriate Network Selection CriteriaMost Appropriate Network Selection Criteria
User Context
Service Type
Available Resources
- Data rate
- QoS
- Environment (When and Where)- Mobility
- User preferences
TechnologiesTechnologies
Challenges:
Convergence/integration/inter-working of allexisting and emerging fixed and mobile
(wired and wireless) networks including
broadcast
Simple to select and easy to use desired
services
Universal and low cost terminals
IP
Technology
Agent
Technology
ReconfigurableReconfigurable
TechnologyTechnology
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A multimodeA multimodeterminal attachesterminal attaches
to the WLAN andto the WLAN and
scans the availablescans the available
systems.systems.
It can downloadIt can download
suitable softwaresuitable softwaremanually ormanually or
automatically.automatically.
Wireless System DiscoveryWireless System Discovery ReRe--configurable Technologyconfigurable Technology
In order to use the large variety of services and wirelessIn order to use the large variety of services and wireless
networks, multimode user terminals are essential as theynetworks, multimode user terminals are essential as they
can adapt to different wireless networks by reconfiguringcan adapt to different wireless networks by reconfiguring
themselves.themselves.
This eliminates the need to use multiple terminalsThis eliminates the need to use multiple terminals
(or multiple hardware components in a terminal).(or multiple hardware components in a terminal).
The most promising way of implementing multimodeThe most promising way of implementing multimodeuser terminals is to adopt the software radio approach.user terminals is to adopt the software radio approach.
An ideal software radio receiverAn ideal software radio receiverReRe--configurable Technologyconfigurable Technology
ChallengesChallenges::
Regulatory and Standardisation issuesRegulatory and Standardisation issues
Business modelsBusiness models
User preference profilesUser preference profiles
InterInter--system handover mechanisms and criteriasystem handover mechanisms and criteria
Software download mechanismsSoftware download mechanisms
Flexible spectrum allocation and sharing between operatorsFlexible spectrum allocation and sharing between operators
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CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
As the history of mobile communications shows,As the history of mobile communications shows,attempts have been made to reduce a number ofattempts have been made to reduce a number of
technologies to a single global standard.technologies to a single global standard.
4G seems to be a very promising generation of4G seems to be a very promising generation ofwireless communication that will change the peoplewireless communication that will change the peoplesslife in the wireless world.life in the wireless world.
4G is expected to be launched by 2010 and the world4G is expected to be launched by 2010 and the worldis looking forward for the most intelligent technologyis looking forward for the most intelligent technologythat would connect the entire globe.that would connect the entire globe.