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Forest Management Old Growth Tree Plantations
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Tree Plantations are artificial forests created by humans
Also known as tree farms. Usually only one tree species is planted in a tree farm. After maturing enough to be of economic value, the trees are harvested and new trees planted in their place.
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Forests can be classified by their relative maturityOld-growth forests have been undisturbed for hundreds of years.They contain numerous dead trees and fallen logs which provide species habitats and are eventually recycled through decay.
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Forests can be classified by their relative maturitySecond-growth Forests is a stand of trees resulting from secondary ecological succession.
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A type of forest management system, which involves maintaining trees in a given stand at about the same age and size.
The final harvest is usually a clearcutting because it sets the stage for reforestation and a new cycle to begin.
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A type of forest management system, which involves maintaining a variety of tree species in a stand at many ages and sizes to foster natural regeneration.
- periodic harvest of selected trees. Uneven-aged stands often contain mixed species as well. Trees are harvested either singly (single tree selection) or in groups (group selection) as they reach maturity.
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Forest trees can be harvested by different methods. Each has distinct effects on the ecology of the harvested area:1. Selective cutting- trees that are moderate to fully mature are cut singly or in small groups- This approach allows most of the trees to remain, which helps maintain habitats and prevent soil erosion -in tropical forests however when only the biggest and best trees are removed, selective cutting can lead to significant ecosystem damage. Because the canopy of a tropical forest is thick and intertwined, the removal of one large tree damages a considerable area around it.
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2. Seed-tree cutting removes most of the trees in an area, leaving only a few scattered trees to provide seeds for regrowth.-The remaining trees provide some habitat for animals and help reduce soil erosion. However, when seed trees are cut, the forest loses its diversity and is often converted to a tree farm.
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Clear cutting and strip cutting both remove all trees in an area3.Clear-cutting usually involves large areas of land resulting in the destruction of a large area of wildlife habitat. -logged areas are susceptible to severe erosion, especially when the clear cutting occurs on slopes.
- A variation to this cycle is Shelterwood, where a portion of trees is left to shelter the regeneration, but is often removed oncethe new forest is established
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Clear cutting and strip cutting both remove all trees in an area.4.Strip cutting, trees are removed from consecutive narrow strips of land. The strips are removed over a period of years and as a result some trees (uncut or regrowth) are always available for animal habitat. The cut area is partially protected from erosion by the uncut or regrowth trees in the adjacent areas.