Download - Forensics DNA Unit Test. DNA typing had its beginnings in 1985 with the work of: Sir Alec Jeffries
Forensics DNA Unit Test
DNA typing had its beginnings in 1985 with the work of:
Sir Alec Jeffries
DNA is made up of many monomers linked together called a _____.
Polymer
The building blocks of DNA
Nucleotides
The proteins coded for by DNA are specifically linked to the ___.
Sequence of nucleotides in the DNA of the cell
The number of bases that code for a specific amino acid?
3
The individuality of an organism is determined by:
DNA nucleotide sequence
The hereditary disease caused by a mistake in the DNA by a single base
sickle-cell anemia
Restriction enzymes do what?
cut DNA at specific sites
The laboratory procedure which allows bacteria to produce human insulin
gene splicing/recombinant DNA
Transfer of DNA fragments onto a nylon membrane
Southern blotting
What happens to DNA during gel electrophoresis?
DNA is separated by fragment size
Give three advantages for using short DNA fragments
• Their quantity can be greatly multiplied by PCR.• They are less subject to degradation.• They are more stable and less likely to break apart.
CODIS is a national system of:
Shared databases of DNA typing information from convicted felons and crime scene evidence
STR’s usually consist of repeating sequences of ___ bases.
3-7 bases.
Humans have ____pair(s) of sex chromosomes and ____ pairs of body chromosomes.
22 pairs of body chromosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes
RFLP typing – the steps and in the correct sequence
1. Extracted DNA cut by restriction enzymes2. Radioactive probe added3. Gel electrophoresis4. Southern blotting 5. Visualization of DNA fragments
Two identical gene pairs; HH or hh
Homozygous Dominant or Recessive
A map of a complete set of genes for a species
Genome
Describes a trait’s appearance
Phenotype
Southern blotting is used during ___ typing
RFLP Typing
Division of sex cells
meiosis
Nucleotides are the ____.
Building Blocks Of DNA
A large molecule made of many repeating units, such as DNA and proteins.
Polymer
The fundamental unit of heredity
Gene
A chromosome is a ____.
a rod-like structure in the cell nucleus along which genes are located
A change in DNA which often occurs during replication
Mutation
Used to identify the unknown soldier in Vietnam
mitochondrial DNA
Enzymes used by DNA during replication
polymerases
Enzymes that cut DNA into fragments
restriction enzymes
Process by which an electric current moves strands of DNA along a gel
gel electrophoresis
Complex molecules made of combinations of amino acids
proteins
A picture taken of the bands of DNA
autoradiography
• Complete the complementary strand of the DNA molecule. Label one sugar and one phosphate. Circle one complete nucleotide.
Mitochondrial DNA
RFLP
PCR
Process that uses capillary electrophoresis (STR)