Download - Fishpresentation4
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Freshwater and Saltwater Aquariums
By Jenessa Gjeltema
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Choose Your Aquarium Type
C o ld w a te r
A g g ress ive C o m m u n ity
T ro p ica l
F re sh w a te r
R e e f T a nk F ish O n ly
S a ltw a te r B ra ck ish
A q u ariu m s
The specific aquarium setup will depend upon the requirements of the species you choose.
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Choose Your Aquarium Type
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Choose Your Aquarium Type
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Choose Your Aquarium Type
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Basic Needs
• Appropriate enclosure/housing
• Nutrition• Hygiene• Enrichment
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Enclosure Components
• Tank• Stand/Canopy• Lid/condenser• Lights• Temperature
Control
• Environmental Enrichment
• Filtration• Location• Water Quality
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Enclosure Components: Tank
Consider:SizeShapeMaterialsConvenienceAesthetics
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Enclosure Components: Tank
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Enclosure Components: Lid/Condenser
Why?• Keeps fish from
jumping out• Prevents
evaporation• Protects lights
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Enclosure Components: Lighting
Why?• Plant Growth• Coral Growth• Visualizing the
Fish• Fish health
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Enclosure Components: Lighting
Considerations:FixturesBallastWavelengthLight IntensityReflectorsPhotoperiod (12 hours)
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Enclosure Components: Temperature Regulation
How?• Heaters• Chillers• Fans• Ventilation
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Enclosure Components: Environmental Enrichment
Why?• Evasion• Breeding• Quality of
life• Express
Personality
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Enclosure Components: Environmental Enrichment
Types:• Wood• Rocks• Substrate• Plants
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Enclosure Components: Plants
Why?• Oxygenatio
n• Waste
removal• Protection
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Filtration SystemsFiltration:
Mechanical Biological Chemical
Types: Wool, sponge Ceramics, sponges, rocks(SURFACE AREA!!)
Charcoal, zeolite
Purpose: Remove large particulate waste
Removes fish waste products
Removes odors, discoloration, toxins, and some waste products
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Filtration Systems
Considerations• Tank size• Stocking
capacity• Water flow• Breeding• Aeration
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Filtration Systems
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Filtration Systems
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Filtration SystemsProtein Skimmer: Removes organic material from marine systems
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Filtration Systems
Underground filter: biological and mechanical
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Enclosure Components: Location
Avoid:• windows/direct
sunlight• drafty doors or
fireplaces• vibrations/sharp
noises
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Water Composition: Water Testing
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Water Composition: Stock Water• Know what is in your stock water• Test periodically• Alternatives available
Test for:• Chlorines• Copper• pH• Hardness
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Water Composition: Testing
Fresh Water:• pH• Ammonia• Nitrite• Nitrate
Salt Water:• Salinity
Other:• Phosphate• Calcium• Strontium
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Water Quality: Nitrogen Cycle
badmanstropicalfish.com (originally from www.hagen.com)
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Water Quality: Nitrogen Cycle
www.cichlid-forum.com
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Water Quality: Cycling A New Tank
Purpose: grow bacteria for nitrogen cycle• Takes 4-6 weeks
Tips:• “Seed” the tank• Monitor values closely• Avoid water changes• Can achieve without fish
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Water Changes
Why?• Dilutes waste
products• Corrects pH
imbalances• Can reduce algae
growth
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Performing Water Changes
• Regular water changes• 2% every 2 days• 4% every week• 20% a month
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Adding Fish: Acclimation
• Temperature• Water composition• Environmental factors
How:• 15-30 min. for temperature• 15 minutes for water
composition
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NutritionDry:FlakesPelletsSticksFloatingSinkingWafersSeawee
d
Live/Frozen:Blood WormsDaphniaBrine ShrimpFeeder fishPlants
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Nutrition
• Know your fish• Observe mouth• Use dry food as
staple• Supplement with
fresh/frozen foods• Do not overfeed
Picture from Jeremy Gay’s The Perfect Aquarium
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Maintenance
Daily:FeedMonitorLighting
Weekly:Replace evaporationWater testingClean algaeEmpty protein
skimmer
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Maintenance
Monthly:Charcoal
replacementPlant maintenanceElectrical Inspection
6 mos. To Yearly:Change light bulbs
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Additional Considerations
Personal Safety
Euthanasia
Environmental Impact
Veterinary Care
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ReferencesAxelrod, Herbert. Handbook of Tropical Aquarium Fishes. Neptune
City: TFH Publications. 1983.
Borneman, Eric. Aquarium Corals: Selection, Husbandry, and Natural History. Neptune City: T.H.F. Publications. 2001.
Fenner, Robert M. The Conscientious Marine Aquarist. Neptune city: T.F.H Publications. 2001.
Gay, Jeremy. The Perfect Aquarium: The Complete Guide to Setting Up and Maintaining an Aquarium. New York: Reader’s Digest. 2005.
Hawkins, A.D. Aquarium Systems. London: Academic Press. 1981
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ReferencesHemdal, Jay F. Aquarium Fish Breeding. New York: Barron’s.
2003.
Hiscock, Peter. Encyclopedia of Aquarium Plants. New York: Barron’s. 2003
Sandford, Gina. The Tropical Aquarium. New York: Barron’s. 2004.
Stoskopf, Michael. Fish Medicine. Philadelphia: W.B. Sauders Co. 1993.
Tullock, John. Water Chemistry for the Marine Aquarium. New York: Barron’s. 2002.
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Special Thank You to:
Fish Worldand
Aqua Pros
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Thank You! Questions?
If you would like to learn more about fish (as well as coral and amphibian) husbandry, please
contact me at [email protected].
I can help you get some hands-on experience!