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FIGURE 3-1A Network protocols: (a) connection-oriented; (b) connectionless
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FIGURE 3-1B Network protocols: (a) connection-oriented; (b) connectionless
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FIGURE 3-2 Standards organizations for data and network communications
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FIGURE 3-3 Peer-to-peer data communications
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FIGURE 3-4A Protocol data unit: (a) header; (b) trailer
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FIGURE 3-4B Protocol data unit: (a) header; (b) trailer
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FIGURE 3-5 Encapsulation and decapsulation
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FIGURE 3-6 OSI seven-layer protocol hierarchy
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FIGURE 3-7 OSI seven-layer international protocol hierarchy. H7-applications header, H6-presentation header, H5-session header, H4-transport header, H3-network header, H2-data-link header, H1-physical header
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FIGURE 3-8A OSI layer 1-physical: (a) computer-to-hub; (b) connectivity devices
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FIGURE 3-8B OSI layer 1-physical: (a) computer-to-hub; (b) connectivity devices
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FIGURE 3-9 OSI layer 2-data link
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FIGURE 3-10 OSI layer 3-network
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FIGURE 3-11 OSI layer 4-transport
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FIGURE 3-12 OSI layer 5-session
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FIGURE 3-13 OSI layer 6-presentation
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FIGURE 3-14 OSI layer 7-applications
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FIGURE 3-15 Simplified block diagram of a two-station data communications circuit
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FIGURE 3-16A Data transmission: (a) parallel; (b) serial
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FIGURE 3-16B Data transmission: (a) parallel; (b) serial
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TABLE 3-1 Networking Applications
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FIGURE 3-17 Basic network components
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FIGURE 3-18 File server operation
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FIGURE 3-19 Network interface card (NIC)
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FIGURE 3-20 Local operating system (LOS)
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FIGURE 3-21 Network operating system (NOS)
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FIGURE 3-22 Network layout using a network operating system (NOS)
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FIGURE 3-23 Client/server concept
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FIGURE 3-24 Peer-to-peer client/server network
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FIGURE 3-25 Dedicated client/server network
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FIGURE 3-26 Network topologies: (a) point-to-point; (b) star; (c) bus; (d) ring; (e) mesh; (f) hybrid
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TABLE 3-2 Primary Network Types
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FIGURE 3-27 Computer network types
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FIGURE 3-28 Local area network (LAN) layout
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FIGURE 3-29 Metropolitan area network (MAN)
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FIGURE 3-30 Wide area network (WAN)
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FIGURE 3-31 Global area network (GAN)
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FIGURE 3-32 Building backbone
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FIGURE 3-33 Campus backbone
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