Workshop Title Presenta1on Title 1
FIDO: Field Investigation Drug Officer Program
Laboratory Director Jay Henry/ Utah Department of Public Safety
Technology Transi/on Workshop
Background – Utah BFS
• Statewide laboratory system • ASCLD/LAB Interna1onal accredited (2007) • 28 laboratory employees (23 forensic scien1sts) • 6 scien1sts assigned to CS (controlled substances) • 3 separate laboratories within the state • 2.7 million popula1on
FIDO Program Technology Transi1on Workshop Utah Bureau of Forensic Services Adapta1on Model 2
Technology Transi/on Workshop
Background – Map with CS Chemists
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Background – Case Numbers
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Background – Utah BFS
• Limited resources to deal with increasing caseload (no more FTE’s)
• Turnaround 1me averaged six to eight weeks • Customer sa1sfac1on low • Both law enforcement and prosecu1on unhappy • Staff unhappy with workload • What do you do? We felt that we were so buried in casework we didn’t have 1me to teach, train or monitor
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Solu=on – MJ Tech Program and FIDO
• May 2003 offered Utah BFS MJ Leaf Technician Program
• Modeled a\er the Washington State Patrol Program and Weber State University
• Provide officers with 32 hour “cer1fica1on” course in the iden1fica1on of marijuana
• Officers are now the experts in the iden1fica1on of marijuana using macroscopic, microscopic and chemical confirma1on techniques
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Solu=on – MJ Tech Program and FIDO
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Solu=on – Utah BFS FIDO program
• Marijuana is only part of the solu1on • S1ll need a way to screen for methamphetamine, cocaine and heroin
• Many Utah agencies already doing this tes1ng − Use NIK® kit tests with varying degrees of success − Resulted in some judges accep1ng the results and others not
• Screening program at California DOJ • Discovered NFSTC and FIDO
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Utah BFS’s Adapta=on of FIDO Program
• Trained at NFSTC and learned about FIDO • Selling point was that it was a “na1onal” program and was successful in Phoenix
• Flexible adaptability – we didn’t need to screen for marijuana and could create our own kits
• Created the UNIT test kit – Utah Narco1c Iden1fica1on Test kit
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Utah BFS’s Adapta=on of FIDO Program: UNIT Test Kit
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Utah BFS’s Adapta=on of FIDO Program: UNIT Test Kit • By crea1ng the kits ourselves, we could:
− Minimize the cost to BFS and agencies (we have no problem with NIK® kits, when properly used)
− QC the reagents to make sure they worked − Kit cost factor allows officers to become more familiar with tes1ng samples – (e.g., you can probably test 500 samples of methamphetamine with the UNIT kit)
− Officers develop exper1se faster − Include a bolle of methanol
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Utah BFS’s Adapta=on of FIDO Program: Training Class • Adapted 8 hour “cer1fica1on” training class that includes: − Background informa1on on methamphetamine, heroin and cocaine (same slideshows from NFSTC) • Have to make some modifica1ons applicable to Utah • E.g., rarely see powdered form of heroin
− Emphasize presump1ve nature of color tes1ng
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Utah BFS’s Adapta=on of FIDO Program: Presump=ve Color Tes=ng • In the classroom, the laboratory por1on requires them to test the following types of samples: − Known − “False” posi1ves − “Other” samples
• Lectures on shades, length of 1me and order of color forma1on
• Lab por1on develops immediate exper1se
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Utah BFS’s Adapta=on of FIDO Program: Presump=ve Color Tes=ng • Safety NFPA (Na1onal Fire Protec1on Associa1on)
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Chemical/Test Health Flammability Reac/vity
Sodium Nitroprusside 3 4 2
Sodium Carbonate 2 0 1
ScoEs 3 1 1
Chloroform 2 0 0
Froehdes 3 0 2
Technology Transi/on Workshop
Utah BFS’s Adapta=on of FIDO Program: Presump=ve Color Tes=ng • Instruc1on on QC and Best Prac1ces • Blank Test – Tests for contamina1on
− Run the reagents without sample
• Known Test – Tests reagent reliability – Are they working? − Run the reagents with a known standard − Known standard = Mixture of dimethylamine and diphenhydramine – Non‐controlled
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Methamphetamine: Step by Step Tes=ng Example with UNIT Test Kit • Step #1 – Perform Blank Test
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Methamphetamine: Step by Step Tes=ng Example with UNIT Test Kit • Step #2 – Perform Known Test
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Methamphetamine: Step by Step Tes=ng Example with UNIT Test Kit • Step #3 – Place Unknown in clean spot well
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Methamphetamine: Step by Step Tes=ng Example with UNIT Test Kit • Step #4 – Place one drop of Reagent #1 into spot well
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Methamphetamine: Step by Step Tes=ng Example with UNIT Test Kit • Step #5 – Place one drop of Reagent #2 into spot well
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Methamphetamine: Step by Step Tes=ng Example with UNIT Test Kit • Step #6 – Forma1on of an immediate dark blue color
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Utah BFS’s Adapta=on of FIDO Program: Training Class Con=nued
• Lecture and prac1ce taking notes
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Utah BFS’s Adapta=on of FIDO Program: Training Class Con=nued • Lecture and prac1ce taking notes • Lecture and prac1ce wri1ng reports
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Utah BFS’s Adapta=on of FIDO Program: Training Class Con=nued • Wrilen exam (20 ques1ons) – Must receive 80% • Complete 20 unknown “challenging” samples • Competency test (3 samples) – Must receive 100% • Annual Case Review (5%) – Done at recer1fica1on • Suggested 100% Technical Review • Audit – Done at recer1fica1on • Cer1fica1ons valid for one year • Recer1fica1on every year – 5 proficiency test samples –
Must achieve 100%
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Utah Bureau of Forensic Services Certificate of Qualification
FIDO Program Technology Transi1on Workshop Utah Bureau of Forensic Services Adapta1on Model 28
is hereby granted to:
Jay Henry to certify that they have successfully
completed Field Investigation Drug Officer
Certification Training
Granted: February 26, 2009 Jay W. Henry, Laboratory Director
Utah Bureau of Forensic Services
Certificate Number :160
Technology Transi/on Workshop
General FIDO Stats
• Discon1nued analyzing marijuana botanical samples as of 12/31/2006
• Taught over 16 cer1fica1on classes and cer1fied 221 people in FIDO throughout the state
• Taught many recer1fica1on classes and recer1fied 82 people in FIDO throughout the state in 2011
• 43% have returned sta1s1cs for 2008
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
FIDO Case Stats 2008 : Samples Tested
• Methamphetamine – 71 posi1ve • Cocaine – 29 posi1ve • Heroin – 28 posi1ve • Inconclusive – 5 posi1ve
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Utah BFS’s Case Sta=s=cs: Controlled Substances
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Utah’s FIDO Program: Results
• 57% reduc1on in controlled substances submissions from 2003 thru 2008
• Where did the cases go? • Customer Sa1sfac1on?
− Law Enforcement − Prosecutorial − Laboratory Staff
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Utah’s FIDO Program: So What Did We Do With That Extra Resource? • Decreased our turnaround 1me
− Central laboratory controlled substances (10 days) − Central laboratory serology (14 days) − Central laboratory DNA (33 days) − Southern laboratory controlled substances (5 days)
• Trained 18 crime scene responders • Transi1oned from Legacy to ISO
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Utah’s FIDO Program: So What Did We Do With That Extra Resource? • Enhanced our trace program
− Paint and fiber analysis − Glass and hair to follow
• Implemented video and audio analysis • Economic downturn (30% reduc1on) • Evidence intake
− Reduced their caseload by at least 50% − Reassigned to AFIS and crime scene team
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
What about other Agencies?
• Phoenix PD − Ins/tuted program in 2000 − Have seen tremendous success
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Phoenix PD crime lab data
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
What about other Agencies?
• Translates to a 47% reduc/on in drug submissions
Workshop Title Presenta1on Title 37
2008 2009 2010 2011
Controlled Substance Submissions
5990*
*(Jan thru Oct)
4760*
*(Jan thru Oct)
3942*
*(Jan thru Oct)
3195*
*(Jan thru Oct)
• Acadiana Crime Lab, Louisiana
Technology Transi/on Workshop
What about other Agencies?
• Acadiana Crime Lab, Louisiana • “We have aUributed our success in the FIDO program
because our approach to the agencies was that ul=mately this was a partnership.”
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
So, how do I implement FIDO?
• NFSTC hosted a technology transi=on workshop • All informa=on/presenta=ons and video are online • hUp://www.nfstc.org/programs/field‐inves=ga=on‐drug‐
officer‐fido/
Workshop Title Presenta1on Title 39
Technology Transi/on Workshop
Our next dilemma? Spice.
• AKA: Synthe/c Cannabinoids which mimic the effects of controlled substances such as marijuana.
• Plant material sold at convenience stores/ smoke shops − The drug culture has succeeded in taking a controlled substance and selling it on the open market
• No screening tests like FIDO. Currently, all seized products must be submiEed to the crime lab.
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Types of Spice
Workshop Title Presenta1on Title 41
Utah Bureau of Forensic ServicesSpice and Ivory Wave Brands/ContentsBeginning 3/1/2011
Red indicates a substance not specifically listed under federal or state law.However, these substances are analogs as per the state definition.
Case # Label Compounds present/identifiedC20110282 (Unified police) Diamond Mist MDPVS20110082 AM-2201S20110088 JWH-200S20110087 JWH-018S20110084 JWH-018 and AM-2201S20110100 None (green plant material) JWH-018 and JWH-250S20110101 pipe AM-694C20110297 plastic pen tube JWH-018C20110123 cpm AM-2201C20110283 off-wht substance in a pb JWH-018, JWH-122, AM-2201, JWH-210N20110148 bottle with residue JWH-018S20110091 green plant material RCS-4C20110332 Diamond Mist and foil pkgs MDPV (x3) and RCS 4 (x2)C20110328 BOOM Potpouri JWH-210N20110078 FUSION foil pkgs (green) JWH-122C20110270 Weekend Warrior Incense Hash AM2201
Weekend Warrior Incense Revolution AM2201Cloud 10 Storm JWH-250 and 081DEMON 3-FMC, AM2201, JWH-210, Unknown JWH compound (BP 339)Grizzly 3-FMC, AM2201, JWH-210, Unknown JWH compound (BP 339)SPIKE Gold JWH-250 Knockout JWH-122Paranoia JWH-210Ultimate Dragon JWH-122Weekend Warrior Incense Hash Pack AM 2201Green powder in pb in above jar AM2201 and Unknown JWH Compound (BP 339)Weekend Warrior Incense Roundhouse AM2201, JWH-018Weekend Warrior Incense Achilles AM2201
C20110189 Glass pipe JWH-018Glass pipe JWH-018
C20110316 Mr. Sticky JWH-203, RCS-4White Rhino JWH-203, RCS-4Knockout JWH-203, RCS-4
N20110166 Glass pipe JWH-250C20110329 PC /L "Genie, Damiana Leaves" JWH-018C20110438 Spice - 4 Karma, Everest, & Funky Monkey JWH-018N20110189 Glass pipe JWH-250, JWH-018, JWH-122C20110473 light green round tablet with imprint logo 3,4-MethylenedioxymethcathinoneS110155 aluminum can pipe JWH-018, AM-2201C20110469 White Rhino JWH-203, RCS-4N20110245 FUSION foil pkgs (green) JWH-122N20110245 FUSION foil pkgs (1lightpink/purple, 1red) JWH-122, RCS-4C20110571 Plant material - "King krypto" & "King Karma" JWH-018, JWH-122C20110564 Blueberry Black Mamba JWH-203N20110268 plastic container AM2201, RCS-4
Technology Transi/on Workshop
Spice Submissions in Utah
2008 2009 2010 2011
% of Spice Submissions
0 0 3‐4% 15%
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Poten=al solu=on
• Portable GC/MS units sta/oned throughout the State
• Each officer “cer/fied” to use it • Analogous to “intoxcylizer” for breath alcohol
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Technology Transi/on Workshop
Contact Informa=on
Jay W. Henry Utah Bureau of Forensic Services
4501 South 2700 West Salt Lake City, UT 84114‐8285
801‐965‐4093 [email protected]
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Note: all images and graphics contained within this presenta5on are courtesy of the Utah Bureau of Forensic Services laboratory personnel or laboratory director Jay W. Henry.