Download - FI AR PPT
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SAP FI
Accounts Receivable
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Table of Contents
AR Overview
Sub Processes
Master Data
Credit Management
Invoice Processing
Cash Receipting / Payments
Account Analysis / Reconciliation
Periodic Processing
Reporting
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SAP Modules - Overview
Sales &Distribution
SD
MM
PP
QM
PM
HR
FI
CO
AM
PS
OC
IS
MaterialsMgmt.
ProductPlanning
QualityMgmt.
Plant Maint.
HumanResources
FinancialAccounting
Controlling
Fixed AssetMgmt.
ProjectSystem
Office &Comm.
IndustrySolutions
SAP R/3
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FI Financial Accounting Modules
FI - Financial Accounting Modules
FI
Accounts Payable
Cash Management
Special Ledger
LCLegalConsolidation
TMTravelManagement
Asset and InvestmentManagement
General Ledger
Accounts Receivable
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InvoiceProcessing
MasterData /Credit
Management
Accounts
Receivable
CashReceipting /
Payments
AccountAnalysis &
Reconciliation
Reporting
FinancialAccounting
Process decompositions are the starting
point for our process documentation.
They summarise what is involved in a
the AR process at a high level
PeriodicProcessing
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Master Data
Maintenance
Creation 3 Levels General Data (name, address)
Company Data (reconciliation acct, payment term)
Sales Data (SO currency, incoterms)
Change
Block Delete
Account Groups
Intercompany
One-time customers
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Request to
Create
Customer
Account
Change
Customer
Account
Block Customer
Account
Mark Customer
Account for
Deletetion
Mantain Customer
Account
Mantained
CustomerAccount
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CustomerMaster
General data Address
Control data
Marketing
Export data
Contact persons
Company Code data Account Management
Payment Transactions
Correspondence
Insurance
Sales Area data Sales
Shipping
Billing document
Partner functions
Client
230
CompanyCode9100A Ltd
Sales Organization9100
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Customer Master Data contains:
General data Does not depend on the company code or the sales and
distribution organisation
Applies to one business partner for all company codes, and
in all sales areas, and includes: Company name
Address
Telephone number
Data that is unique to a customer, and shared by alldepartments
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Company Code data
Company code data only applies to one company code(Legal business). This data is only relevant to Financial
Accounting.
If you edit a master record, you must specify the
customer number and company code to access thescreens containing company code data.
You can only invoice a Payer (partner function) if youhave entered data in the Financial Accounting view.
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Sales and Distribution data
The data for one customer can differ for each sales area. Thesales area is a combination ofSales Organization,Distribution Channel and Division. Some data is onlyrelevant to Sales and Distribution, and includes:
Pricing data
Delivery priority
Shipping conditions
If you edit a customer master record, you must enter thecustomer number and the sales area in order to access
screens containing sales and distribution data. You can only process sales and distribution transactions, eg:
a sales order, after entering the sales and distribution data fora customer.
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Sales Territory
Bill-to party*
Payer*
Ship-to party*Sold-to party*
Contact personsSales Agent
* mandatory functions
Partner functions
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Sold-toCustomer
Ship-to Customer
One-Time
Customer
0001
0002
CPD
GroupsImplemented
0003
0004
ZAF1
Sold to
Ship to
Payer
One-time
Bill to
Plant / Affiliate
ZSWPSwap Partner
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AccountGroup
PartnerFunction
0001
0002
0003
0004
CPD
ZAF1ZOTR
Z002
Z007
ZSWP
Sold-to
Ship-to
Bill-to
Payer
One-time
Plant / AffiliateSales Territory
International SH
Sales Agent
Swap Partner
NumberRange
0010000000 001999999
0010000000 001999999
0010000000 001999999
0010000000 001999999
0020000000 002999999
0000000001 0000019999A ZZZZZZZZZZ
0010000000 001999999
A ZZZZZZZZZZ
1000000000-1999999999
NumberAssignment
Internal
Internal
Internal
Internal
Internal
ExternalExternal
Internal
External
External
Internal Assignment: SAP assigns a unique number each
time a master record is created External assignment:User creating the master record can
enter their own unique number
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Intercompany
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We use One-timeCustomers Master
Record to avoid large
number of unnecessarymaster data
Every time we enter abusiness transaction, the
systems stores thespecific Master Datainformation separately inthe document
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Blocking / Unblocking For processing at various levels:
Sales order processing
Delivery processing
Billing processing
Credit control reasons
Requires validation
New customer Credit Control
Block / Unblock
Block CustomerMaster record
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Flag for deletion For processing at various levels:
Sales order processing
Delivery processing
Duplication of data
Redundancy of use
Duplication ofcustomer master
Redundantrecords
Flag for deletion
Delete CustomerMaster record
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Delete all areasor data for a specific CC
Prevents SAP from deletingthe general data or company
code and general data
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Pre-requisites for archiving a record:
The account cannot contain any transaction figures
Transaction figures from prior years that have not been archived will
prevent the system from deleting the account master record
The account must be marked for deletion in its master record
No longer used /
created in duplication
SAPDatabase
Extracted from
database
Transferred to
archive system
Flag Placed
In a file
Block
Customermaster
record
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Credit Management can minimize the credit risk by
defining specific credit limits for your customers This is particularly useful if your customers are in
financially unstable industries or companies, or if youconduct business with countries that are politically
unstable You can specify your own automatic credit checks based
on a variety of criteria
You can also specify at which critical points in the sales
and distribution cycle (for example, order entry, delivery,goods issue) the system carries out these checks
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Credit Control Area
A hierarchical unit for managing customer credit limits
A credit control area can include one or more company codes
If a customer is created in several company codes that areassigned to different credit control areas, a separate credit limit is
managed for the customer in each of the different credit controlareas
9400 LatinAmerica
9200 -America
9100 - AsiaPacific
9300 MiddleEast
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CHQ
Overall Credit Limit: $1,000,000
Individual limit: $450,000
9400 94029401 9100 9300 9301
Company Codes
9200
9100 Asia Pacific
Limit: $150,000
9400 Latin America
Limit: $250,000
9300 Middle East
Limit: $450,000
9200 America
Limit: $150,000
Credit Control Areas
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Central Data
Contains information for the current credit limit assigned andmaximum permitted credit limits
Total amount
Individual amount
Status
Credit limit data - Contains information relating to credit limits andpercentage used:
Receivables
Special liabilities
Sales value
Internal data - Contains information relating to the customer riskcategory and blocking a customer for all transactions excludingbilling
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Credit Exposure
The customer's credit exposure may not exceed their credit limit The credit exposure is the total combined value of the following
documents:
Open orders
Open deliveries
Open billing documents Open items (accounts receivable)
Executing automatic credit check in sales orderprocessing
Non-critical fields
Not re-executed for changes made to these fields e.g. Texts
Critical fields:
Re-executed for changes made to critical fields e.g. Payment terms,Price, quantity
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Program Function
RFDKLI10 Customers with missing credit data
This report checks the data for the credit limit for completeness, and produces the corresponding error lists . These can be used to re-
maintain the corresponding definitions manually, or per Batch Input.
RFDKLI20 Reorganization of credit limit for customers
This report enables you to reorganize the credit limit information in the control areas .RFDKLI30 Short overview credit limit
The report lists the central and control area-related data per customer.
RFDKLI40 Overview credit limit
The report provides you with an extensive overview of the customers credit situation.
RFDKLI41 Credit master sheet
The credit master sheet enables you to display and print out the customer master data for a single account, which is needed for the
area of credit management.
RFDKLI42 Early warning list
The early warning list enables you to display and print out customers in credit management, who are viewed as critical customers in the
area of credit checks in SD.RFDKLI43 Master data list
The master data list enables you to display and print out customers credit cards. In particular, you can display information not
contained in the s tandard system, for example, user-defined fields or external data, which you have created with specific add
RFDKLI50 Mass change credit limit data
This report allows quick mass change for master data in credit management .
RFDKLIAB Change display, credit management
With this report, you can display changes for credit management master data for all accounts.
RVKRED06 Checking blocked credit documents
The report checks all blocked documents from credit view. The report is started in the background, and should run after the incoming
payments programs.
RVKRED77 Reorganization credit data SD
The report enables you to reorganize open credit, delivery and billing document values . It is used, for example, when updating errors
occur.
RVKRED08 Checking sales documents which reach the credit horizon
The report checks all sales documents, which reach the dynamic credit check horizon, as new. The report runs periodically, and should
run at the start of a period. The period for the date of the next credit check is proposed from the current date, with
RVKRED09 Checking the credit documents from credit view
Released documents are only checked if the validity period for the release has run out (number days).
RVKRED88 Simulation reorganization credit data SD
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InvoiceProcessing
MasterData /Credit
Management
Accounts
Receivable
CashReceipting /
Payments
AccountAnalysis &
Reconciliation
Reporting
FinancialAccounting
Process decompositions are the starting
point for our process documentation.
They summarise what is involved in a
the AR process at a high level
PeriodicProcessing
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Invoice Processing
SAP R/3 supports the following transactions:
Sundry Invoice
Credit/Debit Notes
Down Payment
Bill of Exchange Receivable
Parked Documents
Foreign Currency
SD Billing
Inter-company postings
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Sundry Invoice Processing
Create
A/R account
posting
Create
A/R Posting
Fast Entry
Hold an
incomplete
document
Create
A/R posting with
reference
Complete
Posting??No
Posted Entry
Post
Manual Journal
with Clearing
Create
A/R invoice
using a Sample
Document
Create/Display
a Parked
Document
Post/Release
a Parked
Document
Create an
Account
Assignment
Model
Create
Intercompany A/R
Posting
Create
Recurring
Document
Yes
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DocumentSimulation
After entering the document it is
possible: To post it immediately To park the document
To hold the document
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Terms of payment are arrangements made with a Customer governingfinancial settlement with respect to goods supplied and servicesperformed, e.g. cash on delivery, payment within 30 days.
Within payment terms, cash discounts and periods allowed for paymentare defined.
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Document
13 000 00031________________________
Sample Document
92 000 00044________________________
or
Reference _______________
Doc. Number ?
Control Sequence____________ Generate Reverse Posting Enter G/L Account Items Do Not Propose Amounts Display Line Items
Document13 000 00032
________________________
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Special GL Transactions allow the user to post the document to an alternative GLaccount instead of normal Customers reconciliation account,
They are defined in Customizing for Customers and Customers reconciliation accounts.
Customers
reconciliationaccounts
Accounts definedfor Special GLTransactions
Special GLIndicator
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BankAccount
Customers
Account
10
GL DownPayments
101 1
The Customer pays A Ltd a down-payment: $10.000,-
The down payment is booked on Customers account with Special GLindicator
The amount of $10.000,- is shown on Customers account, but on differentGL Account, instead of Customers reconciliation account
10
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To display the transaction posted with Special GL Indicator, markthe relevant field on the Line items display screen.
Dynamic selections may be used to search for different GL
indicators.
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Updating the document flow Creating documents in Financial Accounting
Updating the billing status
Updating the Sales Information System
Updating the credit account
Forwarding data to Profitability Analysis
Printed document / EDI to customer
Invoice
Sales Order
ProcessingInventory
Sourcing
Billing
processing
CustomerPayment
Invoice
Delivery &Shipping
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Debitnote
Debit memorequest
No billing block
Create debit memo
Billingdoc.
Credit noteCredit memorequest
Billing
block Create credit memo
after billing block has
been removed
Billing
doc.
OK
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A2 Ltd.
A Ltd.
A1 Ltd
F110
Inter-coy BillingInvoice (IV)
AR
AR
AP
Inter-coy BillingInvoice (IV)
F110
AP
SD Document
1000001144
HDR Ref:1000001144
SD Document
2000002244
HDR Ref:2000002244
FI Document3000015244
HDR Ref:2000002244
FI Document2000006344
HDR Ref:1000001144
AR header reference=
AP header reference
AR header reference
=AP header reference
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Complete and post later
Display/change/evaluateparked documents
Enter anincomplete
document
No postings take placeParkdocument
Line items
Documents
Post parked documents
MM Customer G/L account
Postings take place
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Parked document: Assigned number (according to document
type)
Document is available for editing for manyusers (depending on the authorizations inthe system)
Held document: Internal document number (defined by the
user)
Document is available for editing only forthe user who created it.
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The parked document may be:
Posted,
Edited,
Saved as completed,
Deleted.
Choose companycode
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Local currency - Functional currency of the company code
Document currency - Currency of the document
Group currency - Alternative currency for group reporting
For every Company Code theres defined a company code currency, ie,
every company code has a local currency.
Every document, posted in different currency than company codecurrency, is processed as a foreign currency document.
Accounting documents can be posted in a foreign currency
The foreign currency is converted to local currency and both are storedin the document along with the exchange rate
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1.
3.
2.
1. Exchange rate can be entered manually,
2. Or derived from Exchange Rates Table
3. System automatically translates the foreign currencyinto CC currency.
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InvoiceProcessing
MasterData /Credit
Management
AccountsReceivable
CashReceipting /
Payments
AccountAnalysis &
Reconciliation
Reporting
FinancialAccounting Process decompositions are the starting
point for our process documentation.
They summarise what is involved in a
the AR process at a high level
PeriodicProcessing
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Business Transactions included in Process:
Customer Payments Manual Checks
Clear Customer Accounts
Post processing transactions
Inter-company Payments Idocs
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Cheques with
supporting
documents
Group
cheques
by lotsEnter
cheques list.
(by customer)
Reference
invoices paid.
Print
chequeslist
Post
Check whether
postings are correct ?
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Check Deposit List
Customer Account
Incoming checks Account
O.b.) 200,- 200,- (1
1) 200,-
200,- (2
2) 200,-
Bank Account
Postings
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House Bank ID
CustomerMatchode
Postprocessing
method:2 - batch input4 - direct posting(on-line)
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Posting
BatchInput
DirectPosting
Process
Log
Process
Log
Processingtype 2
Processingtype 4
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InvoiceProcessing
MasterData /Credit
Management
AccountsReceivable
CashReceipting /
Payments
AccountAnalysis &
Reconciliation
Reporting
FinancialAccounting Process decompositions are the startingpoint for our process documentation.
They summarise what is involved in a
the AR process at a high level
PeriodicProcessing
A t A l i / R ili ti
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Account Analysis / Reconciliation
Business Transactions included in Process:
Display Customers account balance and line items
Clear outstanding items on Customers
Post Customers documents with clearing
Perform automatically clearing procedures
Reverse documents
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Account balance displays totals of transactions, per month as well ascumulative values
The report may be printed or saved as a local file
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Line items report displays particular transactions,
It it possible to change the documents directly from this screen,
The report may be printed or saved as a local file
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1 2
3
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1 Customer invoice 46,0002 Customer invoice 20,0003 Customer payment 26,000
Customer ABC Inc.
1 46,000 46,000 3
Customer ABC Inc.
3 20,000 20,000 2
Bank
3 26,000
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Reversal of documents that were cleared before is not possible,
First the clearing operation must be reset.
Display cleared items
Reversal of clearing
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Document entered incorrectly
Document corrected by Reversal: Reverse with a standard
reversal posting
Reverse with a negativeposting
Document re-entered correctly
Balance sheetAssets
Liabilities
Shared equity
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Many documents may be reversed at the same time,
Process may be scheduled to be performed in the background.
Mass ReversalProcedure
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InvoiceProcessing
MasterData /Credit
Management
Accounts
Receivable
CashReceipting /
Payments
AccountAnalysis &
Reconciliation
Reporting
FinancialAccounting Process decompositions are the starting
point for our process documentation.
They summarise what is involved in a
the AR process at a high level
PeriodicProcessing
Period End Processing
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Period End Processing
Business Transactions included in Process:
Dunning
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Customer Open
Items
Customer MasterRecord
DunningProgram
Print DunningNotices
Update
Update
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The dunning run creates a dunning proposal which can be edited,deleted, and recreated as often as necessary.
If desired, the dunning run can directly and automatically be followed bythe printing of dunning notices. The editing of the dunning proposalwould therefore be skipped.
As a general rule, receivables are due at the net due date.
Schedule DunningRun
Check / Edit DunningProposal
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Customer Master
0001
You can prevent customer invoice from dunning. There aretwo ways to to it: You can enter a dunning block in the item (e.g. customer invoice);
then the system puts this item on the blocked items list and thisitems is not included in the dunning notice.
You can enter a dunning block in the customer master. In suchcase the system does issue a dunning notice at all for this account.
DunningBlock
Line ItemsOR
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A Ltd dunning procedure has three dunning levels.
The higher the dunning level the more insistent is thedunning text.
Each item to be dunned gets a dunning level according toits days in arrears.
From one dunning run to another the dunning level can onlybe raised by one, i.e. no dunning level can be skipped.
Dunning Levels
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The print program for the dunning procedure: generates dunning notices,
entersthe dun date and the dunning level into the dunned items(e.g. invoices) and customer master records.
If one-time customers are dunned, the dunning data is onlyupdated in the items.
Dunning notices are printed in a sequence defined by sortcriteria.
Schedule
printout
1
Check Spool Request(s)
2 Print Notices
3
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InvoiceProcessing
MasterData /Credit
Management
Accounts
Receivable
CashReceipting /
Payments
AccountAnalysis &
Reconciliation
Reporting
FinancialAccounting Process decompositions are the starting
point for our process documentation.
They summarise what is involved in a
the AR process at a high level
PeriodicProcessing
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SAP system offers number of reports that help analyzing
entered business transactions: Open Items List
Cleared Items List
Account List
Account Balance List
Customised Reports
Aged Open Items List
Report can be: Printed out directly to the printer,
Saved as a local file (txt format, Excel file etc.)
Sent by e-mail
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2
SAP Menu
Transaction SA38
A user can run the required report in two ways: Directly from The Report Tree,
Using transaction SA38, provided that he/she knows the reportsname
1
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Duedateanalysis
Currencyanalysis
Overdueitems
Evaluation types
- Business Area
- Company code
- Corporate group
Evaluation Views
Variable