![Page 1: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Fetal membranes, umbilical
cord
and
placenta
Dr. Sanjaya AdikariDepartment of Anatomy
![Page 2: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Objectives
• Describe the structure and function of the placenta, umbilical cord and membranes
![Page 3: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Chorionic plate
Decidual plate
![Page 5: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Chorionic villi
Lacunar/intervillous spaces
Cotyledon (15-20)
![Page 6: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Macroscopic appearance of placenta
![Page 7: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Placenta – fetal surface
![Page 8: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Placenta – maternal surface
![Page 9: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Placenta and membranes
![Page 10: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What is placental barrier?
![Page 11: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
2 1
Placental barrier
![Page 12: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Functions of the placenta
• Exchange of gases
• Removal of metabolic products
• Nutrition
• Transmission of maternal Ab
• Production of hormones
![Page 13: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Placental hormones
• Human chorionic gonadotropin-hCG
• Progesterone
• Oestrogens
• Human chorionic somatomammotropin-
hCS
• RelaxinThese are secreted into the maternal circulation.
Most maternal hormones do not cross the placenta.
![Page 14: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
2010 30 40 Weeks
hCG
6 12
Maintains the corpus luteum during the initial period of pregnancy
Progesterone
Oestriol
Maintains the pregnancy
Relaxin
Inhibits myometrial contractions
hCS
Lactogenic functionGrowth stimulation
![Page 15: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
2010 30 40 Weeks
hCG
6 12
Progesterone
OestriolRelaxin
hCS
![Page 16: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Unwanted functions of placenta
• Transfer of infectious agents
• Transfer of drugs
![Page 17: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Functions of the fetal membranes
• Protection/shock absorption
![Page 18: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Umbilical cord
umbilical arteries umbilical vein
Wharton’s jelly
![Page 19: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Fetal membranes, umbilical cord and placenta Dr. Sanjaya Adikari Department of Anatomy](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102605/551c31bd5503469e4f8b638f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
References
• Review of medical physiology by William F.
Ganong
• Medical embryology by Jan Langman
• http://www.answers.com/topic/umbilical-cord