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PRINCIPLE OF HUMAN NUTRITION
FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS: FUNCTIONSAND ITS DEFICIENCY
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What do
Vitamins
contain?
Fat-solubleVitamins
(A,D,E,K)
Water-soluble
Vitamins(C, B
complex)
Vitamins should contain
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What is the difference
between fat-soluble
Vitamins and water-soluble
vitamins?
Fat-soluble vitamins
are stored in theliver and fatty
tissues.
Water-soluble vitaminstravel into the blood and
stored in water-filled
parts of body. Eg;kidney
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Fat-solubleVitamins
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VITAMIN
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What is
Vitamin A?
Previtamin A:
- Retinol
- Retinal
- Retinoic Acid Provitamin A:
- Carotenoids
(beta-carotene)
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Functions
Vision
- Generates pigments for the retina- Maintains surface lining of eye s
Bone growth
Reproduction
Cell division and differentiation
Healthy Skin
Regulate Immune System
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Where does
it come
from?
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Signs of
Deficiency
*Night blindness
*Decreased resistance to infections
*Extremely dry skin, hair or nails
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Too MuchCan Be
Toxic!!
*Hypovitaminosis A leads to toxic
symptoms:- GI system: Liver abnormalities
- Bone & Tooth: < bone mineral
density
- CNS: Headache
- Other: Retinoid embryopathy
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VITAMIN
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What is
Vitamin D?
Provitamin D:
- Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)
Active Vitamin D:
- 1,25-dihydroxytamin D3
also called
- 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
(calcitriol)
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Functions
Hormone-like
- mineralization of bones
- Cell metabolism
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Where does
it come
from?
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Toxicity can
result in:
*GI System: nausea and
vomiting
*Cardiovascular: High bloodCalcium
* Other: Kidney stones
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VITAMIN
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What is
Vitamin E?
- Family of compounds called
tocopherols and tocotrienolsthat are naturally in foods. It
has strong antioxidants.
- An antioxidant are molecules
which can safely interact with
free radicals and terminate the
chain reaction before vital
molecules are damaged.
mj
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Vegetable oils (such as wheatgerm, sunflower, safflower, corn,and soybean oils)Nuts (such as almonds, peanuts,and hazelnuts/filberts)Seeds (such as sunflower seeds)Green leafy vegetables (such asspinach and broccoli)Fortified breakfast cereals, fruitjuices, margarine, and spreads
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Cardiovascular system:- Hemolytic anemia in infants
Central Nervous System:
- Neuropathy in the geneticdisorder
Neuromuscular system:
- Skeletal weakening in the
genetic disorder
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Too MuchCan Be
Toxic!!
*Only described when taken in veryhigh levels as supplement
High intake of vitamin E can potentially
interfere with vitamin K role in
blood clotting and act as a pro-
oxidant, increase red blood cell
hemolysis
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VITAMIN
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What is
Vitamin K?
- Vitamin K refers to two
naturally occurring fat-soluble
vitamins, vitamin K1 and
vitamin K2.
- Vitamin K1 is also known asphylloquinone while vitamin
K2 known as naphthaquinones
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Blood Clotting
Bone Metabolism
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o No disease name, rareexcept with newborns and
following certain medical
measures.
o Cardiovascular system:Increase clotting time,
heamorrhaging with a cut
or injury
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Too MuchCan Be
Toxic!!
*Poor described in adults
Cardiovascular system:
- Interferes with anti-blood
clotting medications.
GI system:
- Jaundice and liver damage in
infants
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SUMMARYToxicities and deficiencies take
longer to develop for FSV rather
than WSV.
The FSV are group by their
solubility in oil.
The FSV have specific chemical
forms and function in the body.
Deficiencies and toxicity signs andsymptoms are unique for each
nutrient as are food source.
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THANK
YOU