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Information from:Horse Industry Handbook
Pages 530-1 – 530-4
Photos from:www.valleyfarrier.com
FARRIER TOOLS
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Farrier or horseshoeing apron
• Designed to protect the legs from unfinished driven nails and hoof cutting tools which may slip while in use
• Also protects clothes from being burned by hot iron
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Hoof pick
• Used for cleaning out the bottom of a horse’s foot
• Hoofs are picked out from heel to toe
• Frequent cleaning of the hoof helps prevent thrush
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Clinch cutter• Consists of two parts – the blade and the point
• Blade, preferably an inch wide, used to cut or to raise the clinches
• Blade is placed under clinch and struck with driving hammer
• Point is used to punch nails and broken stubs out of the hoof
• Point can also be used to raise the head of nail from the creases of a shoe to enable the pull offs to grasp the nail head for removal
• Point can also be used as a hoof pick
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Pull offs or pinchers
• Used to remove shoes, nail stubs and improperly driven nails
• Can also be used to turn the clinches
• Have knobs on the ends of handles to make them distinguishable from nippers
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Hoof Nippers
• Used to remove the surplus growth of the wall
• Should never be used on nails
• 14 and 15 inch nippers are used where more leverage is need on dry hoofs and on draft horses
• 12 inch nippers are used on show horses, race horses and foals
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Hoof knife
• Used to pare away the dead sole from the hoof, remove ragged parts from the frog, relieve pressure on corns and cracks, remove foreign bodies from the foot
• Available in right and left handed styles
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Sole knife
• Used to remove dead sole from hard, dry hoofs
• Held in one hand and struck with driving hammer
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Rasp
• Used to make a level bearing surface after the hoof has been trimmed with the nippers and to dress a distorted or flaring foot
• The 14 inch tanged rasp is the most popular, one side is coarse for rapid removal and the other side is fine for smooth finishing work
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Hoof gauge
• Used for determining the exact hoof angle and toe length so that a corresponding pair of feet can be trimmed the same length and angle
• Used extensively on show and racing horses, not widely used on pleasure horses
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Driving hammer
• Sometimes called the shoeing hammer
• Used to drive horseshoe nails and to turn over or wring off nails after they have been driven to the proper height
• Weights generally used are 6-10 ounce on race horses, 12-14 ounce on saddle horses and 16 ounce on show and draft horses
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Clinch block
• Used to turn the clinches
• Many use just a block of steel, some use their pull offs as a clinching block
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Nail cutters or nail nippers
• Used to cut off clinched, turned-over or wrung off nails to an equal length
• Also used when removing nails from worn shoes being prepared to be reset
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Clinchers or clinching tongs
• Used to draw down the clinches
• Were designed for use on horses bothered by hammer and block clinching
• Three general types: saddle horse clinchers, gooseneck clinchers, draft horse clinchers
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Crease nail puller
• Designed for easy removal of driven nails from creased or fulleredshoes
• Can also be used to pull nails from pads on show horses
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Hoof tester
• Used to determine the location of a painful area in the foot of a lame horse
• May be used to located bruised or punctured areas of the foot or to diagnose foot bone diseases or injuries
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Shoeing box
• Should be difficult to tip over, contain no sharp edges, make tools readily accessible and be light weight so that it can be easily moved
• Only those tools regularly used on the foot should be carried in the box
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Anvil
• Should be light weight (about 70 lbs) for shaping cold, manufactured shoes
• Should be heavier (about 125 to 150 lbs) for making handmade shoes
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Rounding or turning hammer
• Used to shape and make shoes
• Should weigh from 2 to 2 ½ pounds
• Handle should be shaped to fit your hand
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Pritchel
• Used to open the nail holes on the shoe to receive the nail
• Should be shaped like the shank of the nail and lubricated with soap or wax
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Fire tongs
• Used to hold hot shoes while shaping
• Some farriers also use them for holding cold shoes for shaping
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Parts of a Horseshoe
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Parts of a Nail