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Family and Household
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Lecture Outline
What is the family? What is the difference between family
and household? What are some of the challenges of
family and household organization?
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Family
In 1950, 60% of all U.S. households conformed to the nuclear family model.
Today, only 26% of U.S. households conform to the independent nuclear family ideal.
In the U.S. 28% of women have experienced domestic violence, and 10 are killed by their batterers every day.
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Diagram: Independent Nuclear Family
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Functions of the Family
Nurturance of children. Economic cooperation. Provide child with models from whom
they can learn gender appropriate roles.
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Definition of the Family
A group composed of a woman and her dependent children, with at least one adult man joined through marriage or blood relationship.
In most societies, families constitute households or households are built around families.
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Forms of the Family
Conjugal family – formed on the basis of marital ties
Consanguineal family – consists of related women, their brothers, and the women’s offsprings
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Households
Basic residential units that implement: Economic production Consumption Inheritance Child rearing Shelter
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Five Basic Residence Patterns
Patrilocal Matrilocal Ambilocal Neolocal Avunculocal
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Diagram: Patrilocal Extended Family
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Diagram: Avunculocal Residence
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Family Organization and Problems
Polygamous families - potential conflict among spouses of the individual to whom they are married.
Polyandrous families - older husbands are apt to dominate the younger ones.
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Family Organization and Problems
Extended families - decisions are made by an older individual whose views may not coincide with those of the younger family members.
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Female-Headed Households
1970’s 45% households were nuclear families. 4.7% households were single parent families.1998 26% households were nuclear families. 18.2% households were single parent families. Nuclear families - husbands and wives must
work out their own solutions to the problems of living together and having children.
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Homework
1. Read Chapter 10 – HavilandKinship and Descent
2. Study Household and Domestic Organization:
http://www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/arts/anthropology/tutor/residence/toc.html