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OXFORD SOFTWARE ENGINEERINGConsulting Software Engineers
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Exploring the Creation Spectrum
June 2015
C. C. ShelleyOXFORD SOFTWARE ENGINEERING Ltd9 Spinners Court, 53 West End,Witney,OxfordshireOX28 [email protected]. +44 (0) 1993 700878
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Contents
• What and where is innovation?
• Characteristics
• Some examples and tools
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Where?...
• Making < Designing < Inventing < Innovating
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...Where?
• Making < Designing < Inventing < Innovating
• p( Making innv.
) < p( Designing innv.
) < p( Inventing innv.
) *
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It can occur in making and manufacture...
...maybe the product...
...but more likely to be the way of making *
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Or during design...
...most likely to be innovative design product...
(...creative, design methods (incl. s/w dev.) are often fuzzy or indeterminate)
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Or during invention of novel solutions to problems or shortcomings...
… ditto design
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Characteristics...
Innovation (like stupidity * ) may be :
- unintended and unrecognized by the innovator (simply perceived as a reasonable solution)
- unrecognized by others
- unrecognized by both
- unappreciated by others (indifference or hostility – due to possibility of disruption to status quo? (See Machiavelli) )
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...Characteristics
Innovation is:
- best detected * as it happens, or very soon after (after the event it seems to be difficult to appreciate) **
- ( in s/w it seems (to me) to be more difficult to see at code level, easier at design level (whiteboard/'boxes and lines') unless v. familiar with app/domain/tech)
- and fundamentally dependent on context
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Some s/w innovations (IMHO)...
• In no particular order...
– Evolutionary Development (really)– Inspections– Object based s/w (not so keen on OO)– CMM (2-3)– Jeremy Dick's Fault Grid– 'Yukikogram'
• (NB I can't think of much innovative s/w (maybe the spreadsheet) – can you?)
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7
9
5
6
3
Requirements
Detailed Design
Architectural Design
Code
Unit Test
Integration Test
System Test
16
13
Acceptance & Warranty
10
2
3
7
11
8
10
8
9
16
0
8
03
5
34
11
3
12
14
40
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The Last Modified Date and Time
0:00
3:00
6:00
9:00
12:00
15:00
18:00
21:00
0:00
09/11/2002 11/02/2002 12/24/2002 02/14/2003 04/07/2003 05/29/2003 07/20/2003 09/10/2003 11/01/2003Date
Time
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My 'innovations'
• In time order...
– Radiometer mount
– Tactical Change Management (an 'Innovation Manager')
– Profects (a method for detecting potential innovations)
– Compass
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Radiometer...
• Mounts cause problems...– absorb heat and
melt supporting ice...
– (or buried under snow)
– ...resulting in sag – changing radiometer height
– Cause melt streams, affecting data
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Tactical Change Management
• Response to failure of SPI efforts– Slow progress– 'Big SPI' (due to CBA IPIs and maturity mania)
• Synthesis of techniques borrowed from successful teams' activities
• '...according to a documented procedure...'
• Resolved as 'AAPDC', formated with ETVX
• Anticipated agile s/w development (prioritized lists, short cycle times...)
• Successful for a while See www.osel.co.uk/rpi/c3.pdf
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'Profects'
• “What is the opposite of a software defect?”
• Why are technical reviews and inspections prone to distraction?
• People recognize and respond to design excellence
See www.osel.co.uk/papers/profects.pdf
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Compass...
What I had:
Silva type 5 'baseplate' compass
● Cheap
● Light
● Reasonably accurate
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...Compass...
What I wanted:
Military prismatic compass (M-73, G150))
● Very precise ( 30 ' )
● Heavy
● Expensive
● Desirable
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...Compass
What I really needed:
A compass that is
● Very precise
● Light
● Cheap
● Desirable
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...Radiometer...
• Solution...
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...Radiometer
• Solution...
...drill deep and use ice to cool mounts
(rather than mounts melt ice)
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References:
• 'What Engineers Know and How they Know It: Analytical Studies from Aeronautical History'
– Walter G. Vincenti– ISBN 0-8018-4588-2
• 'Invention By Design: How engineers get from thought to thing'– Henry Petroski– ISBN 0674463684
• 'Managing the Design Factory: A product developer's toolkit'– Donald G. Reinertsen– ISBN 0-684-83991-1
• 'Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology'– Neil Postman– ISBN 0-679-74540-8
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