Download - Exotic Germplasm – A Commercial Perspective
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Exotic Germplasm – Exotic Germplasm – A Commercial PerspectiveA Commercial PerspectiveGEM Cooperator Meeting Jerry Rice
Dec. 7, 2005
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Exotic Germplasm = Exotic Germplasm = Unadapted GermplasmUnadapted Germplasm
[i.e. South American Germplasm
into North America]
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Exotic Germplasm / Other Crops:Exotic Germplasm / Other Crops:
Cotton: G. harknesiicms & Restorer Genes(hybrid cotton)
Grain Sorghum: World Collection (PI)Greenbug Biotype Resistance
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Importance of Exotic Germplasm in BreedingImportance of Exotic Germplasm in Breeding
Disease ToleranceInsect ToleranceIncreased Genetic DiversityIncreased YieldEnhanced Stability across EnvironmentsSpecialty Traits
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Exotic Germplasm / Challenges:Exotic Germplasm / Challenges:
Difficult to evaluatePhotoperiod Sensitivity unattractive phenotype
Tall plants with high ear placement
Standability Issues generally have weak rootsHigh Harvest Moisture generally later maturity
Tight husks and slow dry-down
Requires more ResourcesLarger Popn size and more segregates to evaluateLong Term Investment (success in 2nd to 3rd Gen.)
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Exotic Germplasm Breeding:Exotic Germplasm Breeding:
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Importance of Exotic Germplasm in BreedingImportance of Exotic Germplasm in Breeding
Disease ToleranceInsect ToleranceIncreased Genetic DiversityIncreased YieldEnhanced Stability across EnvironmentsSpecialty Traits
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Previous Experience / Cargill Hybrid SeedsPrevious Experience / Cargill Hybrid Seeds::Brazil *Argentina *MexicoSouth Africa ** ThailandItaly
* Research Liaison ** Tech. Advisor
PhilippinesChinaFranceGermanyPakistan
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Current DAS / Mycogen Seeds:Current DAS / Mycogen Seeds:
ArgentinaBrazilMexicoPhilippines
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Germplasm Pools / Opportunities:Germplasm Pools / Opportunities:
USAStiff StalksNon-Stiff StalksIodentsOther
International Programs:TuxpenoTusonETOCateto CaribbeanSuwan
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Exotic Germplasm with International ProgramExotic Germplasm with International Program
Shuttle Breeding Opportunities
Introgression Breeding Projects
Exchange Elite InbredsAll Possibilities (all countries – within & between)ObservationEvaluation
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Shuttle Breeding -- Example:Shuttle Breeding -- Example:USA initiation of Trop (Brz)/Temp SSS PopnBrazil recycle (3) popn (earliness & dis. tol.)USA advance, select, & testcross (350 2)
multiple testers med. yield / not adv.Brazil multiple testers med. yield / not adv.Argentina multiple testers med. yield / not adv.S. Africa multiple testers high yield, GCA,Primary Tester for yellow program
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Inbred Exchange / Opportunities:Inbred Exchange / Opportunities:
USA Obs. elite lines from BrazilImpressive plant healthImpressive GLS tolerance
Argentina Obs. elite lines from all countriesComplementary gene action / MRCV tol.Impressive MRCV tolerance
Brazil Obs. elite lines from USAEarliness with sufficient plant health
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Introgression Projects:Introgression Projects:2005 Data Yield %H2O
MycoSSS(12.5%Brz)S3/TS-A 212 20.0MycoSSS(12.5%Brz)S3/TS-B 206 19.4
Commercial Hybrid Check #1 201 19.6Commercial Hybrid Check #2 216 20.1
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Introgression Projects:Introgression Projects:2005 Data: Yield %H2O
TS-C/ MycoNSS(25%Brz)S4 205 19.3
Commercial Hybrid Check #1 207 19.6
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Introgression Projects:Introgression Projects:2005 Data: Yield %H2O
TS-C/ MycoNSS(50%Arg)S2A 217 20.0TS-C/ MycoNSS(50%Arg)S2B 213 22.3
Commercial Hybrid Check #1 203 19.8
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Introgression Projects:Introgression Projects:2005 Data: Yield %H2O
TS-C/ MycoNSS(50%Brz)S1A 205 19.5Best Commercial Check 190 19.4
TS-E/ MycoNSS(25%Brz)S1B 216 19.2Best Commercial Check 197 20.3
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Importance of Exotic Germplasm in BreedingImportance of Exotic Germplasm in Breeding
Disease ToleranceInsect ToleranceIncreased Yield (Grain and/or Silage)Enhanced Stability across EnvironmentsSpecialty Traits
Kernel Composition (starch, AA, oil, etc.)Kernel Quality (food corn milling)
Others
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AN EXCELLENT SOURCE OF AN EXCELLENT SOURCE OF EXOTIC GERMPASM EXOTIC GERMPASM
GERMPLASM ENHANCEMENT OF MAIZE (GEM) PROGRAM !!!
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GEM Mission: Increase Genetic DiversityGEM Mission: Increase Genetic Diversity
Introgression of Exotic Germplasm into Temperate Germplasm utilizing:
LAMP Accessions (Exotic Sources)Evaluated for Yield and Adaptation
Elite Temperate GermplasmVia Germplasm Contributions from GEM Cooperators
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GEM Exotic Sources / Available:GEM Exotic Sources / Available:
GEM Cooperator’s have the following types of Exotic Germplasm available from the base GEM Program:
Populations (F2’s and BC’s)S1’sS2’sGEM Releases (S4’s+)
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Why use GEM Exotic Sources:Why use GEM Exotic Sources:
Solid Germplasm BackgroundsPre-Evaluated LAMP AccessionsElite Temperate Germplasm (GEM Cooperators)
NO “Strings Attached” for GEM CooperatorsNo RoyaltiesNo Breeding RestrictionsIncorporation directly into your Breeding Program
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Uses of GEM Exotic Sources:Uses of GEM Exotic Sources:Fold Early Gen. (S1’s & S2’s) into your programGEM Popn X Proprietary Lines PopnProprietary Popn X GEM Releases PopnProprietary Line X GEM Release PopnOthers
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GEM Popn / Myco Projects:GEM Popn / Myco Projects:
2005 Data: Yield %H2O
TS-A// GEMBR51403…/Myco 196 19.1TS-B// GEMBR51403…/Myco 191 19.9GEM/Cuba164…/Myco// TS-C 192 19.1
Commercial Hybrid Check 193 19.3
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GEM Popn / Myco Projects:GEM Popn / Myco Projects:
Improvements:GEMBR51403…/Myco
Improved Plant HealthIncreased K-rows on earImproved Grain Texture (harder texture)
GEMCuba164…/MycoImproved Grain Texture(Tall plant with high ear placement)
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GEMBR51403…/MycoGEMBR51403…/Myco
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GEMCuba164…/MycoGEMCuba164…/Myco
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University of Wisconsin / J.G. Coors, D.T. Eilert, University of Wisconsin / J.G. Coors, D.T. Eilert, & P.J. Flannery / 2004 GEM Report: & P.J. Flannery / 2004 GEM Report:
% t/a
2004 Silage Data Means Dry Matter Yield
ARZM17026:N101965008-2-3-1-2 X LH227 44.6 9.9165008-2-3-1-3 X LH227 43.4 9.44
Mean of 4 Checks 41.3 8.55
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University of Delaware / J.A. Hawk & T. Weldekidan / University of Delaware / J.A. Hawk & T. Weldekidan / 2004 GEM Report: 2004 GEM Report:
2004 Data: Yield %H2O
Pioneer 31G98 223 22.5PioSSS/DK212T:N11a10)-107-2 216 22.7PioSSS/DK212T:N11a10)-156-1 212 22.6Pioneer 33B51 211 21.9Pioneer 34H31 200 20.5
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USDA-ARS / P. Scott & M. Blanco 2004 USDA-ARS / P. Scott & M. Blanco 2004 GEM Report:GEM Report:
AA Index of DKXL212:N11a-139-1-1-B-B-B
Top Ranked sample in the AA indexing ranking study (Met + Trp + Lys + 0.5 Thr) outperforming the high ranking checks
Line has an unusually well balance AA content
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Importance of Exotic Germplasm in BreedingImportance of Exotic Germplasm in Breeding
Disease ToleranceInsect ToleranceIncreased Yield (Grain and/or Silage)Enhanced Stability across EnvironmentsSpecialty Traits
Kernel Composition (starch, AA, oil, etc.)Kernel Quality (food corn milling)
Others
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Exotic Germplasm – Exotic Germplasm – A Commercial PerspectiveA Commercial Perspective
Thank you for your Attention and for your Interest!!