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Excretory system
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Purpose
The excretory systems purpose is to remove wastes from the body
The wastes can be liquids, solids, or gases
Other systems are involved
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Urinary System
The purpose of the urinary system is to remove wastes from the body in a liquid form called urine.
The four major parts to the urinary system are the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.
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Kidneys
Two bean shaped organs found at approximately waist level.
The filtering unit of the kidney is known as the nephron.
Each nephron has a cup-like structure called the Bowman’s capsule and a duct.
The nephrons filter the blood for wastes
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Pictures
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The ureters
Two relatively thin tubes that attach the kidneys to the bladder.
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Bladder
Muscular storage unit for holding urine until it is ready to be released.
Can Hold about a half a liter of fluid
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Urethra
A single tube that flows from the bladder to the outside for the release of urine.
Can become infected and inflamed with bacteria .
Common beginning site for a urinary tract infection.
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Diseases
Some diseases of the urinary system are benign and just require antibiotics for treatment.
You only require one kidney to work. If both kidneys fail then you need
dialysis which is the artificial filtering of the blood for waste.
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Skin
The skin- responsible for sweating and the release of wastes
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Skin
Largest organ Made up of three layers
Epidermis- outer most layerMade up of dead skin cellsActs an water repellant and first
protection for your body
Melanin- your skin pigment or color is produced here
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Dermis and Fatty layer
Dermis- middle layerThicker than the epidermisBlood vessels, nerves, oil glands
and sweat glands are found here
Fatty layer- inner most layerInsulates the body
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Skin functions
Major job is protection Protects from physical and
chemical injury Protects from bacteria
Sensory response Sense of touch
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Skin functions cont.
Vitamin D productionHelps absorb Calcium
Regulates body temperature Rid the body of wastes In the process of sweating- the body is
removing Water Salts Other waste products like carbon
dioxide
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Skin functions cont.
Your body can only withstand a limited range of temperatures
If body becomes too hot then you will sweat
The sweat will evaporate and cool the body
Regulates body temperature and wastes
In the process of sweating- the body is removing Water Salts Other waste products like carbon
dioxide
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The digestive system
Solid waste exits the rectum after the water has been reabsorbed in the large intestine
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Lungs
Lungs are part of the respiratory system and are responsible of the removal of carbon dioxide and some water.