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Eukaryotic Cells
Standard: S7L2b Relate cell structure to basic cell functions
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Are cells flat (2D)?
• No. Cells are 3 dimensional (3D) objects
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Eukaryotic cells can be divided into two groups?
• Animal Cells • Plant Cells
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All eukaryotic cells are made up of _____
• Organelles
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What are organelles?
• Structures found within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/
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What are the organelles that make up animal and plant cells?
• Cell wall: Plant cell only.– Tough, rigid outer coverings that protect the cell
and give it shape
• Cell membrane: Both.– Outer covering of all cells
• Cytoplasm: Both.– Gelatin like material inside every cell
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• Nucleus: Both.– Directs all cell activities and is separated from the
cytoplasm by a membrane– Contains hereditary materials (DNA)
• Chloroplast: Plant cell only.– Green organelles in plant cells that make energy– Allow for photosynthesis
• Mitochondria: Both.– Organelles where energy is released from the breakdown
of food into carbon dioxide and water
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Eukaryotic Cells Part 2
Standard: S7L2b Relate cell structure to basic cell function
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Do organelles function (work) together?
• Yes. All organelles have to function together in order for the cell to survive.
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What are the organelles that make up animal and plant cells?
• Ribosomes: Both
– Small structures where cells make their own protein
• Endoplasmic Reticulum: Both
– Is a series of folded membranes in which materials can be processed and moved around inside of the cell
– Two types smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum
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• Golgi Bodies: Both.
– Sort proteins and other cellular substances and package them into membrane-bound structures called vesicles
• Lysosomes: Animal cells only.
– Contain digestive chemicals that help break down food molecules, cell wastes, and worn-out cell parts.
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• Vacuole: Both
– Stores a cell’s excess water and waste.
– Found in plant and animal cells. However, in plant cells there is one large central vacuole (called a central vacuole), and animal cells have more than one smaller vacuoles spread throughout the cell.