Erweiterung einer Brennerei zu
einer Lignocellulose-Bioraffinerie
Material- & Energy Flow Management
Bioethanol │Biogas │ HTC Biochar
Biokraftstofftagung NRW, Haus Düsse,
27. November 2014
Timo Broeker, M.Sc., Dipl.-Ing. Dennis Blöhse, Jörg Bittner, cand. M.Sc
Prof. J. Schneider; Prof. H.-G. Ramke
CONTENT
I. Current Project „BioAL-COAL“
II. Coming Project „bioCONNECT“
III. Past Project „WASTEtOH“
University of Applied Sciences Hochschule OWL
Lemgo Detmold Höxter
Faculty
Life Science Technologies
Institute
Institute of Food Technologie ILT.NRW
Interdisciplinary Research Center
Intelligent Energy Systems
FACTSHEET
n 41 study pathes
n 9 faculties
n 6.399 students
n 163 professors
n 444 employees
n 56 trainees
Bioethanol 1st Generation
Bioethanol 2nd Generation
Biogaspotentials
Cascades
HTC – Biochar
Waste- & residue material flow
I: BioAL-COAL
Project BioAL-COAL
„Extention of destilleries to Lignocellulose-Biorefineries through combination of
innovative conversion technologies“
Goal: Contribution to substitution of fossil fuels by the application of different
technologies of biomasse processing
Budget HS OWL: 430.000 €
Förderprogramm Ingenieur-Nachwuchs des BMBF (IN2013-425-052)
Duration: 01.07.2013 – 31.06.2016
Zusammenarbeit ILT.NRW und FG Abfallwirtschaft und Deponiewesen, Prof. Ramke,
Höxter
HTC-Reaktor Fachgebiet Abfallwirtschaft und
Deponietechnik (Pilotanlage in
Motivation
Enable agricultural destilleries to
process other and cheaper subtrates,
primary Lignocellulose
Low cost extension module, short ROI
Optimize process streams and use
synergies – biorefinery
1) total valorization of the input material
2) minimal energy consumption
Cascade processes
What is a biorefinery?
Biorefinery Roadmap:
Example of a lignocellulose
biorefinery
Status quo
Status quo – the model plant
Project objectives
Lignocellulose
Biogas
Substrate matrix
Short roi module technology
Agricultaral destillery and biogas plant
- Biogas
- Exhaust steam generator
- very good availability of data
Status Quo
Status Quo
Status Quo
But?
Conversion processes and experimental data
Original Idea
HTC Biochar
- Principle
Dehydratisation of Carbohydrates
C6H12O6 „C6H2O“ + 5 H2O - ∆ E
- Process parameter
- 180 - 240 °C, in water
- Pressure 15 - 55 bar
- for 4 to 16 h
HTC Biochar vs. Brown Coal
Priority: Ethanol?
Theoretical comparison of the 3 conversion processes
Input Process Produkt CE kJ/mol
Biomass
C6H12O6
3240
kJ/mol
Alcoholic
Fermentation
Ethanol 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 0,66 2760
Anaerobic
Fermentation
Biogas 3 CO2 + 3 CH4 0,50 2664
Hydrothermal
Carbonization
Biochar C6H2O + H2O 1,00 2135
Dual-Use continuos pressure reaktor for
Pre-& Posttreatment
Pretreatment (HTA)
at 140 – 160 °C
Pressure ~ 8 bar
30 min
Postreatment (HTC)
180 - 240 °C
Pressure 15 - 55 bar
4 to 16 h
Half-technical
Bioethanolproduction
at 40 liter scale
Mashing
Fermentaion
Destillation
automatically
Conversion parameters (example)
HTA –Pretreatment for increased biogas yield
Concept calculation
Szenario I
Szenario II
Szenario III
Problems
lack of steam
leads to smaler HTA (Pretreatment Unit)
leads to less lignocellulose bioethanol
add expensive wheat for reaching maximum capacitiy of
ethanol facility
lower biogas yield of substrates
Status Quo
Scenario 3.0
Scenario 3.1
What is necessary?
2 operators
„High capacity“ HTA/pretreatment modules
repowering of co-generation unit (1250 kWh el.)
Steam generator modified for biogas
Heat recycling unit (8 bar, 170°C, 802 kWh, 1.135 kg/h steam)
Pretreatment Units Volume Operating Hours
[Liter] [h/a]
EtOH-HTA 1.000 6.000
Biogas-HTA 1.000 6.000
HTC biochar 2.000 6.000
Before After
Energy Efficiency η = 45 % η > 70 %
P Co-Gen Unit elec. 590 kWh el. 1250 kWh el.
Input raw materials Wheat 2.517 Mg/a
Corn silage 9.000 Mg/a
Manure etc. 9.960 Mg/a
Wheat 1.744 Mg/a
Corn silage 8.000 Mg/a
Manure etc. 9.960 Mg/a
Straw 6.516 Mg/a
Vergleich
Betriebswirtschaftliche Betrachtung
[€/a]
-
Rohstoffe 1.058.058
Betriebskosten 222.450
Abschreibung 215.821
+
Ethanol 616709
Ökostrom 2.061.877
HTC Biokohle 149.021
Total 1.331.277
ROI ~ 2,5 a
Fazit
Signifikante Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades
Erweiterung von Lignocellulose – Bioraffinerien durch HTC
Biokohle
Schlüsseltechnologie ist das „Pretreatment“ für Ethanol und
Biogas
gesteigerte Produktion von Ökostrom wirtschaftlich am
wichtigsten
schneller ROI
Signifikantes Potential für dezentrale,
mittelständische Bioraffinerien
Offene Fragen?
Substitution des Weizens bei der Ethanolherstellung durch
Maissilage
Nutzung der Biokohle für Dampferzeugung
Methan - Direkteinspeisung
Verwertung der Biokohle
II. Coming Project
Prof. Dr.-Ing.
Jan
Schneider
Timo
Broeker
M.Sc.
Linda
Oppermann
B.Sc.
Verena
Wolff
B.Sc.
Prof. Dr.-Ing.
Hans-Günter
Ramke
Dipl.-Ing.
Dennis
Blöhse
Prof. Dr.-Ing.
Klaus
Heikrodt
Marc
Hoffarth
M.Sc.
Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!
Contact:
Timo Broeker, M.Sc.
Institute of Food Technologie ILT.NRW
Liebigstr. 87
32825 Lemgo