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Erosion and Deposition
How is erosion different than weathering? Weathering breaks rocks apart whereas erosion moves weathered particles from one place to another.
Deposition – when sediment is placed in a new location
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Erosion
What are the agents of erosion? Water Wind Ice Gravity Erosion has been reshaping the Earth for
millions of years. Erosion can takes many years or happen
all of a sudden.
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Deposition
Deposition occurs when the agent of erosion loses energy and can no longer carry the eroded particles.
Debris – the particles that have been moved.
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Erosion and Deposition by Gravity
Erosion by gravity is called mass wasting. Rockfall – individual block of rock drops
suddenly and falls freely down a cliff or mountain.
Often caused by ice wedging. Talus slope – forms at the bottom of a cliff
or mountain which has been eroded.
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Rockfall cat
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Rockfall cat
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Rockfall cat
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Talus Slope cat
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Erosion and Deposition by Gravity
Land slide – a large mass of rock moves as a unit down a slope.
Will leave a fan-shaped deposit of debris Can be triggered by:
an earthquake. Too steep a slope. Undercutting of the bottom of the slope.
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Land Slide cat
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Erosion and Deposition by Gravity
Mud flow – consists of a debris and a large amount of water.
Occurs in valleys after a heavy rainfall. Leaves a widespread layer of mud. Lahar - is a mud flow that occurs when a
volcano erupts melting the ice on the summit.
Lahars at Mt Saint Helens traveled 36 miles from the mountain
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Mud Flow cat
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Aftermath of Mud Flow cat
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Lahar at Mt Saint Helens cat
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Erosion and Deposition by Gravity
Slump – a curved section of debris move as a unit down a slope.
Caused by: Too steep a slope. Undercutting of the bottom of the slope. Too much added water
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Slump cat
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Erosion and Deposition by Gravity
Creep – the slowest form of mass movement.
The soil or debris moves at a rate of 1-10 mm per year.
Signs of creep: Row of headstones, telephone poles or fence
posts all leaning down hill. Bottom of tree trunks all bent.
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Creep
Roots are planted deep in soil that is not affected by creep. The trunk of the tree is being pushed downslope by creep.