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Erosion and Deposition
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EROSION: the movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity - or – the process by which
natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another.
AGENTS OF EROSION1.Gravity2.Wind3.Water4.Glaciers
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DUST BOWL: The Dust Bowl included western Oklahoma and parts of the surrounding states. Wind blew dry particles of soil into great clouds of dust that traveled thousands of kilometers. (Dirty Thirties – Dust Bowl lasted from 1930-1938) (Wind Erosion)
HowStuffWorks Videos "American Grasslands: The Dust Bowl"
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**Plowing removed the grass from the Great Plains and exposed the soil. In times of drought, the topsoil quickly dried out, turned to dust, and blew away.
SOIL CONSERVATION: the management of soil to prevent its destruction.
1.contour plowing – the practice of plowing fields along curves of a slope
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2. conservation plowing – disturbs the soil and its plant cover as little as possible.
SEDIMENT: material moved by erosion
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MASS MOVEMENT: any one of several processes that move sediment downhill.
**Mass Movement can be fast or slow.
HowStuffWorks Videos "How Mudslides Work"
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**Gravity is the force that moves rock and other materials downhill.
RUNOFF: water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground
FLOOD PLAIN: the flat, wide area of land along a river.
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ALLUVIAL FAN: a wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range. It is shaped like a fan.
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**Deposition occurs where the agents of erosion lay down the sediment. Deposition changes the shape of the land.
**Weathering, erosion, and deposition act together in a cycle that wears down and builds up Earth’s surface.
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Beach: is an area of wave-washed sediment along a coast
• Tombolo: an island is attached to the mainland by a narrow piece of land such as a spit or bar.
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Deposition (cont.)
• Spit : a beach that projects like a finger out into the water.
• Sand Dune: A deposit of wind-blown sand.• Sandbar: a somewhat linear landform within
or extending into a body of water, typically composed of sand, silt or small pebbles. Sandbar can appear in the sea, in a lake, or in a river. EX. a spit
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Types of Deposition
sandbar Spit
Sand Dune