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Epigenetics: Investigating the
Structure & Function of Deoxyribonucleic
Acid
Epigenetics: Investigating the
Structure & Function of Deoxyribonucleic
Acid
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Interdisciplinary Investigations (IDI)
Chemistry 161 Chemistry 162 Chemistry 163Epigenetics
This Investigation: Day 1Pre-Lab DiscussionPart 1: Structure and Function of DNAPart 2: IDI Challenge 1
Day 2Part 3: Seminar Part 4: IDI Challenge 2Part 5: Post-lab Assignment
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Pre-Lab Discussion
What did you find most interesting about each video?
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Part 1 A-C: Parts of the DNA Molecule
SugarNitrogenous Bases
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Polarity of G & C Bases
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D. Linking Through Chemical Bonds
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The Phosphodiester Bond
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DNA Double Helix
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E. Functions of DNA
DNA Replication:
DNA must be accurately copied to
allow for the production of new cells during growth, repair,
and reproduction.
Gene Expression:
Specific regions of DNA, called genes,
must convey information to allow
cells to build the needed proteins
through transcription and translation.
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Functions of DNA
DNA Replication:
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DNA Replication: Let’s Watch
http://www.youtube.com/v/4jtmOZaIvS0
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Functions of DNA
Gene Expression
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Epigenetics and DNA Methylation:
• Do all your cells have the same DNA?
• Do all your cells use all their DNA? Why or why not?
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All Our Cells Work From Essentially the Same Genome/DNA Template.
Thus cells must be able to regulate which genes they use.
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Epigenetics and DNA Methylation:
• Differential gene expression allows different cell types to adopt different fates.
• Mistakes in gene regulation are associated with a variety of diseases, especially cancer.
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Gene Regulation Plays an Important Role in Many Diseases
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DNA Methylation
Write down your ideas for the three questions in Part E!
This reaction is enzyme-mediated.
DNA methylation silences genes.
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Part 2: IDI Challenge
On your white board, make a group drawing that represents your thinking about how methylation of DNA “silences” a gene?
Be sure to capture your drawing as a photograph for your post-lab
report!
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Part 3: Seminar
Assignment For Next Week:
1.Read these two articles:“A New Kind of Inheritance”, Scientific American, 2014
“Ancestral dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) exposure promotes epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of obesity” BMC Medicine, 2013.
2. Write a summary of the articles. 3. Write three questions 4. Bring the summary and questions with you to class and be prepared to participate in an in-class seminar
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Day 2 Agenda:
• Intro to Epigenetics• The Structure & Discovery
of DNA• DNA Function • Methylation• Drawing Activity
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How do we detect DNA methylation?
We use CHEMISTRY!
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How do we detect DNA methylation?
We use CHEMISTRY!
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Next: Your Seminar
1. Find your team!2. Introductions and Roles.3. Discuss the paper, using your
questions as a guide.4. Report out!
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Structure, Function, and the Value of Visualization:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJyUtbn0O5Y
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Challenge: Let’s Draw Again!
On your white board, make a drawing that represents your thinking about how methylation of DNA “silences” a gene?
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DNA Methylation: Let’s Watch
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29doT6Hf2MI&list=PLU1BVhkEIXAHNboZCjPi2dovL1N9EazoJ