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Epidemiologia tumorală la câine
Prof. Dr. Cornel CProf. Dr. Cornel CĂĂTOITOI
FMV Cluj-NapocaFMV Cluj-Napoca
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Introducere
Cancerul - cauză majoră a mortalității cîinilor din rase pure.
Marea Britanie – cancerul = 27% din cazurile de mortalitate
[Adams & co. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2010;51(10)]
= 23 % din numărul total = 45 % din câinii peste 10 ani
[Bonnett & Egenvall, Journal of Comparative Pathology.
2010;142(1)].
Durata de viată a câinilor a crescut Boala tumorală - în general, apanajul vârstei înaintate
[MacEwen, Cancer and Metastasis Reviews. 1990;9(2) ].
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Cancerul
SCHNEIDER (1987) - 213 cazuri/105 câini/an.
DOBSON et al. (2002) - 2671 cazuri/105 câini/an.
MERLO et al. (2008) - 99,3 cazuri/105/an la masculi - 272,1 cazuri/105/an la femele.
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Rase susceptibile
Cancer = 27% din mortalitate [DOBSON et al. (2002) ]
Breed All
deaths
Cancer-related death Median age at
death N % 95% CI
Irish water spaniel 95 53 55.8 45.8–65.8 9.33
Flat-coated retriever 610 331 50.3 50.3–58.2 9.83
Hungarian wirehaired vizsla
15 7 46.7 21.4–71.9 9.83
Bernese mountain dog 394 180 45.7 40.8–50.6 8.0
Rottweiler 137 62 45.3 36.9–53.6 8.92
Italian spinone 47 21 44.7 30.5–58.9 9.0
Leonberger 47 21 44.7 30.5–58.9 7.08
Staffordshire bull terrier 117 52 44.4 35.4–53.4 12.75
Welsh terrier 23 10 43.5 23.3–63.7 12.67
Giant schnauzer 39 16 41 25.6–56.6 10.0
Airedale terrier 81 32 39.5 28.9–50.2 10.75
Golden retriever 927 360 38.8 35.7–42.0 12.25
Boxer 130 50 38.5 30.1–46.8 10.25
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Rase puțin afectate
Cancer = 27% din mortalitate [DOBSON et al. (2002) ]
Border terrier 177 34 19.2 13.4–25.0 14.0
Sussex spaniel 42 8 19.0 7.2–30.9 11.13
Deerhound 287 54 18.8 14.3–23.3 8.6
Bulldog/British bulldog 180 33 18.3 12.7–24.0 6.29
Lhasa Apso 84 15 17.9 9.7–26.0 14.33
Dachshund (all) 245 41 16.7 12.1–21.4 10.75
German spitz/klein or mittel
43 7 16.3 5.2–27.3 11.33
Shih tzu 83 12 14.5 6.9–22.0 13.17
Other breeds (n = 93) 4524 806 17.8
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Predispoziția de rasă[Michell, Veterinary Record. 1999;145(22 ]
Breed
% chance of dying of
cancer
% in survey population
Ratio
Tumour types for which breed has been reported to be at risk
Rottweiler 7.35 3.53 2.1 Osteosarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma, lymphoma
Boxer 4.45 3.35 1.3 Mast cell tumour, glioma
Golden retriever 8.91 7.16 1.2 Mast cell tumour, lymphoma, oral melanoma, fibrosarcoma, histiocytic tumours
English springer spaniel
3.79 3.63 1.0
Labrador retriever
11.58 11.45 1.0 Mast cell tumour
Cocker spaniel 3.12 3.73 0.8 Anal gland adenocarcinoma
Crossbred 13.36 16.58 0.8
German shepherd
8.46 10.02 0.8 Haemangiosarcoma
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Rase dolococefalice - tumori ale cavităților nazale și sinusurilor
Rase de talie mare - tumori ale scheletului apendicular
Rase de talie mică - tumori ale scheletului axial
There was a distinct breed predisposition for tumour development, with a high standard morbidity ratio (indicating a higher risk of cancer) for boxers and Bernese mountain dogs. A standard morbidity ratio below 1 was observed in German shepherd dogs and Danish/Swedish farm dogs, suggesting a lower risk of cancer in these breeds.
Predispoziția de rasă
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Boxer – tumori cutanate (mastocitom, hemangiom, hemangiopericitom) - tumori testiculare
Scottish, Chow-Chow, Cocker – melanom oral
Briard, Schnauzer – carcinom scvamos - falange
German Shepherd, Briard, Collie, Belgium Shepherd – tumori mezenchimale
Pincher, Chow-Chow, Collie, Fox Terrier, Basset, Boxer – tumori genitale – masculi
Beauceron, German Shepherd, Afghan greyhound, Scottish – tumori hemolimfopoietice.
Predispoziția de rasă
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Suedia:
Bernese mountain dog, Irish wolfhound, Flat-coated Retriever, Boxer, Saint Bernard, Leonberger
Bonnett et al., Mortality in insured Swedish dogs: rates and causes of death
in various breeds. Veterinary Record. 1997;141(2)
Danemarca:
Bernese mountain dogs, Flat-coated retrievers, Golden Retriever, Rottweiler
Proschowsky HF et col., Morbidity of purebred dogs in Denmark. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 2003;58(1-2)
Predispoziția de rasă
Cancerul cauză a morții
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Masculi - 99,3 cazuri/105/an
- limfoame (19,9 cazuri/105/an)
- cancere cutanate (19,1 cazuri/105/an).
Femele - 272,1 cazuri/105/an
- cancer mamar (191,8 cazuri/105/an)
- limfoame (22,9 cazuri/105/an).
Predispoziția de sex
MERLO et col., Animal Tumor Registry of Genoa, Italy.J Vet Intern Med. 2008 Jul-Aug;22(4):976-84.
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MIALOT și LAGADIC (1990) - creștere a incidenței tumorilor până la vârsta de 10 ani, - menținere în platou până la vârsta de 12 ani, - descreștere.
MERLO și col. (2008)
- Până la 3 ani - majoritatea tumorilor sunt benigne
- După vârsta de 7 ani - majoritatea sunt maligne.
- Până la 3 ani - 16,5 cazuri/105/an la masculi - 23,7 cazuri/105/an la femele.
- Între 9 și 11 ani - 237,6 cazuri/105/an la masculi - 763,2 cazuri/105/an la femele
Predispoziția de vârstă
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Proiectul de Cancer Canin din Norvegia - 1990-1998 - 14.401 cazuri
0 - 2 ani - Histiocitom cutanat – femele și masculi.
- Mastocitoame și limfoame maligne – femele
- Limfoame și mastocitoame maligne – masculi
2 - 4 ani - Histiocitom cutanat - masculi
- tumori epiteliale cutanate - femele
4 ani - tumori benigne epiteliale cutanate – masculi
- tumori mamare - femele
- tumori cutanate makigne - femele
Predispoziția de vârstă
Gamlem H, et. Col., Canine neoplasia-introductory paper. APMIS Suppl. 2008;(125):
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Tumori maligne – 38 % - adenocarcinom (21 %), - tumori mastocitare (19 %)
- limfoame (17 %).
Tumori benigne - 45 %- lipom (24 %)- adenoame (22 %)
- tumori histiocitare (14 %).
Incidența tipurilor tumorale
Brønden et col., Data from the Danish veterinary cancer registry on the occurrence and distribution of neoplasms in dogs in Denmark. Vet Rec. 2010 May 8;166(19)
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BASTIANELLO (1983) – 33,7%; piele și anexele pielii - mastocitomul – 12,7%. - tumorile celulelor bazale,- carcinoame cu celule scvamoase, - tumori ale glandelor hepatoide - melanoame
– 20,8%; aparat genital femel – 10,2%; - 80% tumori mamare
- sistem hematoformator – 8,9%, - sistem genital mascul – 5,8%.
Incidența tipurilor tumorale
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MIALOT and LAGADIC (1990) - 73,37% cazuri cu tumori - Dintre tumori - 37,9% benigne, 62,1 % maligne.
- Tumorile genitale femele 57,2 %, - Tumori cutanate – 19,5%, - Tumori mezenchimale – 7,6%, - Tumori genitale la masculi – 4%, - Tumori bucale – 3,8% - Tumori ale sistemului hemopoietic – 3,6%.
Incidența tipurilor tumorale
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Rata incidenței neoplaziilor la câine, UK - Localizări anatomice. Incidența standardizată totală a tumorilor de 2671 cazuri/105
câini/an.
(Dobson & co., Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2002;43(6):240–246)
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Rata incidenței neoplaziilor la câine, UK - tipuri histologice . Incidența standardizată totală a tumorilor de 2671 cazuri/105
câini/an.
(Dobson & co., Journal of Small Animal Practice. 2002;43(6):240–246)
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Italian spinone
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Visla cu par sârmos
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Ciobanesc Berna
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Irish Water Spaniel
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Retiver cu blana neteda - Flat-coated Retriever
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Rotthweiler
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Leonberger
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Staffordshire bull terrier
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Welsh terrier
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Schnauzer urias
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Irish Wolfhounds
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Boxer
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Saint Bernard
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Terra Nova
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Doberman Pinschers
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Dog German – Mare Danez
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Mastocitom grad I (HEx400)
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RezultateRezultate - - mastocitom grad Imastocitom grad I (Metacromatic x400) (Metacromatic x400)
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Rezultate - mastocitom grad II (HEx1000)
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