Renewable resources are unlimited.
• Wind• Solar• Water
Nonrenewable resources are limited.
• Coal• Oil• Natural Gas
Fossilfuels
Palm Springs, CA
Kern County, CA
Moon:Nighttime = -150o C (-238o F)
Earth (Beverly Hills):Nighttime = 5o C (40o F)
Why is the moon so much colder at night?
Earth
heat
heat
Some heat escapes into space Some heat
naturally trapped by CO2 and other greenhouse gases
The Natural Greenhouse Effect is good for life on Earth.
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2CO2
CO2
CO2
heatheat
heat
Earth
heat heatheat
Excess CO2 in atmosphere
Less heat escapes into space
More heat trapped near Earth’s surface
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2 CO2
CO2
CO2CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO2CO2
CO2
heatheat
heat
Global Climate ChangeEffect
• Main Cause: CO2 released from burning of fossil fuels• Effects: Too much heat trapped near the earth’s surface
may change climate patterns.• Solutions: Reduce use of fossil fuels and air pollution,
plant trees, use alternative energy sources.
• Cause:– Air pollution from
burning fossil fuels combines with rain water.
• Effects:– Ecosystems more acidic– Kills plant and animal life
• Solutions:– Reduce fossil fuel usage
and air pollution.– Add buffer (base) to
waterways
Acid Rain
Crushed limestone is being added to this lake to raise the pH
Ozone Layer Depletion• Cause:
– CFCs (air pollution) removes ozone.
– More UV radiation reaches the surface
• Effects: – Crop damage – Skin cancers – Eye damage
• Solution: – Regulate CFCs in factory
waste– plant trees.
UV
Ozone layer blocks UV radiation from the sunOzone layer
CFCs
UV
Smog
• Causes:– Particulates rise into air and react with sunlight to make air
pollution• Effects:
– Poisonous to plant and animal life (respiratory illness).• Solutions:
– Reduce use of fossil fuels– Plant trees
Deforestation• Causes:
Harvesting/destroying forests for:– Wood demand– Creating farmland
• Effects:– Species extinction– Less CO2 removed
• Solutions:– Recycle!– Improved farming
practices and technology.
Amazon “jungle”This used to be part of the Amazon rainforest, but rain and wind blew away much of the topsoil…creating a desert-like area.
Invasive Species• Cause:
– Foreign species introduced to new environment.
• Effects:– Foreign species
outcompete or prey on native species.
– Economic damage• Solutions:
– Laws preventing foreign plants and animals into new countries
Zebra mussels
Kudzu vines
Kudzu vines
Biomagnification
• Causes: Pollution in the environment.
• Effects:– Pollutants accumulate in fat
of organisms– Pollutants move up the food
chain• Solutions:
– Reduce water pollution– More organic farming
Pollutants and their sources1) Carbon dioxide: Burning oil, coal, natural gas for energy. Decay and
burning of tropical forests.
2) Sulfur dioxide: Burning coal to generate electricity.
3) Hydrogen fluoride and silicon tetra fluoride: Aluminum and phosphate fertilizer production, oil refineries, and steel manufacturing.
4) Ozone: Chemical reactions of sunlight on automobile exhaust gases. Ozone is a major pollutant in smog.
5) Methane: Burning fossil fuels, livestock waste, landfills and rice production.
6) Nitrous oxides: Burning fossil fuels and automobile exhausts.
7) Chlorofluorocarbons: Air conditioners, refrigerators, industrial foam.