Emerging Prospects of Bio-Digital City As an Innovative Urban Paradigm
Oct. 30, 2018
Seongu Chang, Ph.D.
Invited Prof., Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering @ KAIST
Adjunct Prof., Smart City Research Center/KAIST Initiative for Disaster Studies
Chair, Cities of Tomorrow Forum
Lin
ear M
eta
bolis
mC
ircula
r Meta
bolis
mC
ase S
tudy
Zero Emission Village - Weilerbach
Sustainable Adelaide
Urban Renaissance London
Dongtan Zero Emission City
to Circular metabolism”
“from Linear metabolism
Smart City As a Biotic Creature Needing Homeostasis & Circular Metabolism
출처: 토지주택연구원 도시재생 연구실
Civic Nerve System
Supported by Digital
Revolution
Internet w/t mobile devices
becomes major channel for
-Connecting people
on the globe
-Providing cyber space
for shopping, education,
business, trade, health care,
entertainment and social
Interaction
So, the urban life now includes
physical world plus cyber
world together.
Optical FiberNetwork System
Input / Output
Source: James Law Cybertecture International
Digital Innovations for Smart Cities
Internet of Things( IoT) Cloud/Mobile Computing Big Data Analytics
New Urban Initiatives: 2018 Bio-Digital City Workshop in Paris, France
• Location/Dates : Paris National Science Museum in La villette, 10 days in July, 2018
• Participants : Mainly participants came from French universities plus special guests from outside. KAIST students and professors.
• Theme : 2018 topic is "Biomimicry, digital city and big data" ; The workshop focused on the high density city and particularly on an automatic all-recycling building (recycling, storage, services, robots, digital). The projects were bio-inspired. The building was designed in relation with an agricultural land. Each team worked on a building district, developing a specific aspect (energy, ...).
Team Project Inspired by Jellyfish Metaphor
Team Project Inspired by Sand Dune Metaphor
Data Driven Characteristics of a Smart City
Cities challenges vs citizens interests
Cities face quite similar challenges, most of them related to sustainability
Cities interests
Electricity Supply
i.e. Caracas, Germany
Safety
i.e México City, Rio de
Janeiro
Business &
commerce
Traffic & mobility
Management)
i.e. Beijing, Barcelona,
Cairo
Waste & Water
ManagementTourism & cultural
engagement
i.e. Paris, Buenos Aires,
Florence
Sources: (1) McKinsey Global Institute - Big Data Report, May 2011. (2) 2012E, Strategy Analytics , Global Social Network Market Forecast, Oct 2011. (3) United Nations, April 2010, (4) Youtube 2011
i.e. Sao Paulo, New Delhi,
Panama
i.e. Berlin, New York,
Tokyo.
Exemplary Applications of Smart City Technologies
DSM: Demand Side Management MDMS-Meter Data Management System
Fine Dust Control
Facility Management
Waste Treatment
Smart Grid
Smart Transportation
Smart City Global Community Promotion Trend
• Out of the 608 global smart city projects estimated by Japan's Nikkei BP, projects account for more than 84% of the five major countries / regions including China, the US, Japan, Europe, and Korea.
• In particular, developed countries are adopting a strategy to build a new city, while smart cities tend to approach urban renewal by introducing new vitality to existing cities.
• The US federal government delegates the establishment of smart cities to state governments, municipalities, and private companies, without proposing any other smart city initiatives outside the energy and medical sectors.
• In Europe, the European Commission (EC) oversees policies promoting the introduction of Smart City, which focuses on energy and transport at the EU level, and specific projects are being undertaken individually in each country or city.
• In Europe, Spain's Barcelona and Vienna are attracting attention as the most popular smart city policy. The two cities are working on projects with Cisco and Siemens, respectively.
• According to a report by Arup in the UK, by 2020, the global smart city industry has a market opportunity of $ 200 billion, with the UK accounting for 10% of the market.
Smart City Global Community Promotion Trend
https://www.slideshare.net/manjumanjusha/ppt-on-smart-city
• Education and research: ZENEM, Marxbox (Austria's largest green experimental building), CLUE (carbon emission reduction)
TRANSFORM (Energy Policy)
• Health and social services: Senior Pad (tablet service for seniors)
• Building activities and living: Aspen Vienna city of Lakeside, Marxbox, free from cars, bicycles
City, etc.
• Transportation and Urban Planning: Energy Saving Tram, Aspen Project, Urban Development Plan, City Bike Vienna, on-demand
e-mobility, SMILE (smart mobility information and ticketing system)
• Environmental and climate protection: EcoVienna, a citizen-funded solar plant, Innospirit (for cities and regions
Improvement of technology utilization), reduction of carbon dioxide emission in Austria Post etc.
• People and Society: Citizen-funded solar plants
• Politics and Administration / ICT: Open Government Data
Siemens in Germany is working with Vienna, Austria to conduct a large-scale smart city project,
It will create a future city with 20,000 people, and will spend $ 51 million to build a living laboratory in the northeast of Vienna. It will be built in Aspen.
Exemplary Smart City Projects: Vienna, Austria
• In the UK, the Technology Strategy Board (TSB), which
was established in 2007, received proposals from
local governments as part of its Smart City project in
2012, and in January 2013, Glasgow surpassed 30
competitors 6) Glassgow will receive a total of 24
million pounds and will focus on solving traffic, crime,
energy and environmental issues.
Exemplary Smart city Projects: Glasgow, UK
• Amsterdam offers free WiFi, smart street lamps, fuel cell, health, smart
grid, smart parking, traffic control, and parking in all three areas,
focusing on five themes: living, working, Traffic management, and
smart home.
• To achieve this goal, 800,000 people in Amsterdam are deploying and
installing smart energy appliances in smart meters and over 200
households in more than 700 households in the city and receiving data
on energy use.
• Smart meters, and smart energy, we saved CO2, electricity, and gas
consumption.
• Another smart city organization in Amsterdam is Amsterdam Smart City
(ASC). Initiatives are divided into eight business groups.
• These efforts have made Amsterdam the number one city in smart city
rankings.
Exemplary Smart city Projects: Amsterdam, Netherland
• Domestic also selected Smart City as one of the 17 new growth engines
of the government' to lead the future of Korea in 2009. The Ministry of
Land, Infrastructure & Transport and Tourism has provided support to
nine government projects from four central government departments
for specialized projects. In the case of Busan City, disaster prevention,
environment, health care were supported.
• Seoul also announced plans for 'Smart Seoul 2015' in June 2011 and will
invest 850 billion won by 2015. These are the four strategic tasks of
'smart city technology', 'smart administration communicating with
citizens', 'future city life infrastructure', 'creative smart economy, global
culture city' Information security enhancement, CCTV advancement,
traffic information service, and full disclosure of public information.
• Smart cities will be built in Cheongna and Songdo International cities
and Yeongjong heaven cities by 2020. For the five areas of
transportation, crime prevention, environment, facility management,
and urban service provision, the Bus Express system, Security CCTV, and
remote fire alarm camera.
Exemplary Smart city Projects: Korea
Challenge1:Overcoming Difficulties in accessing data sources
CURE SW Development CASE
Web and GIS based software for sustainable 7 target facilities
planning: sewage treatment plant, small hydro power
generation facility, construction waste treatment facility, landfill,
incinerator, food waste treatment facility
CURE 1.0 SW
Database Web Interface
Web Browser
I/O API
Model식
GIS Engine
Layer Representation
Geography Search
Path Finding
Operations
Connection
User
Evaluator
System Administrator
인터넷
Integrated Platform
Other Systems
SW Architecture SW Components
Multi-phased and carefully
planned City: Singapore
One North”
BiopolisPAPI House: Self-Powered Street Light(Nagoya, Japan)
Challenge2: Carefully
arranged technology for
economic and sustainable
solutions. (Applying
technologies in beneficiary
and sustainable ways is
critical to avoid problematic
operation/maintenance cost)
Challenge3: Exercising
Highly focused multi-
phased development
propelled by well
organized public/private
sector consortium
Challenge4:
Maintaining or
increasing jobs for
people while smart city
related systems are
mostly reducing human
workloads
20
0
5
10City services
People
Business
TransportCommunication
Energy
Water
Average
City 4
Best Practice
WWW.IBM.COM출처
Measure and compare the current state of cities on the different systems, separately and connected
• The Smarter City Assessment Tool has been developed by IBM Global Location Strategies on the basis of proven location assessment methodologies for assessing business locations
• The Tool ‘measures’ cities’ performance against many indicators for each of the Smarter City systems
• It allows benchmarking of a city’s overall capabilities against peer locations, and best practice
• The Tool identifies challenges that cities face and where improvements can be made
Smartness of European Cities
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
City 1 City 2 City 3 City 4 City 5 City 6 City 7 City 8 City 9
Water
Energy
Transport
Communication
Business
People
City services
Smarter City
Assessment Tool
출처:IBM
How to Evaluate Smart Cities Focusing on Public Sector