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Performance Evaluation of Selected Routes of City Bus Services in Visakhapatnam
Visakhapatnam, 31st August 2012
Background
• APSRTC’s Visakhapatnam Division runs 1080 buses, out of which 650 buses are used for city bus operations
• It has 3400 staff including 1400 drivers
• APSRTC’s best practices have resulted in increased fuel efficiency which has earned it several awards
Aim of Study
To assist APSRTC with performance analysis of its bus operations on selected routes
Study Methodology• Surveys were conducted on selected bus routes to
appreciate the traffic and travel characteristics.• Data on bus schedules was provided by APSRTC. • The following primary surveys were conducted in
June & July 2012:– Boarding and Alighting Survey– Bus Occupancy Survey– Waiting Passenger and Auto Rickshaw Count – Auto Rickshaw Occupancy Survey (at one stop)
Bus Stop Selection
• Consultation with APSRTC
• At least 3 stops per Bus Route
• 10 bus stops were selected on the selected 5 routes
Bus Routes Selection• Bus Routes finalized in consultation with
APSRTCBus Route Description
222 City Bus Station – Tagarapuvalasa
20A Maddilapalem – Old Head Post Office
60C Arilova Colony – Old Head Post Office
38 City Bus Station – Gajuwaka
28 R.K.Beach to Simhachalam
Selected Bus Routes
Bus Stops Selected
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Bus Stops on Bus Route 222
Bus Stops on Bus Route 20A
Bus Stops on Bus Route 38
Bus Stops on Bus Route 60C
Bus Stops on Bus Route 28
IPK Calculations for Selected Bus Routes
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Parameters or Statistical Details
Selected Route20A 222 28 38 60C
Total Passengers Boarded per Bus per Day (B&A Data)
1321 700 1150 463 620
Scheduled Route Length Per Bus Per Day (km)
250 402 272 351 248
Indexed Passenger Kilometers (passengers/bus km)
5.28 1.74 4.22 1.31 2.50
Passenger Load Analysis• Total Number of Passengers in the Bus at any given
Time• Calculated from Boarding and Alighting Surveys• Observed Load Patterns:– AM Peak (8AM-10AM)– PM Peak (4:30PM-6:30PM)– Non Peak (remaining times)
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Passenger Load Analysis for Bus Route 60C
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Passengers
Route 60C Average Passenger Load ALC-OHPO
Avg Load per trip Avg AM Peak Load per trip Avg PM Peak Load per trip Avg non-Peak Load per trip
Passenger Load Analysis for Bus Route 28
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80Route 28 Average Passenger Load - RKB-SML
Avg Load per trip Avg AM Peak Load per trip Avg PM Peak Load per trip Avg non-Peak Load per trip
Passenger Load Analysis for Bus Route 28
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0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Route 28 Average Passenger Load - SML-RKB
Avg Load per trip Avg AM Peak Load per trip Avg PM Peak Load per trip Avg non-Peak Load per trip
Passenger Load Analysis - Observations
• Supply not in sync with the demand• Dynamic scheduling approach can improve
operational efficiency• Additional buses needed on many routes to service
peak hour demand• Providing additional buses from R.K.Beach to Depot
in the evening peak hours and from Depot to Jagadamba during the morning peak hours.
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Boarding and Alighting Patterns for Bus Route 28
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0
5
10
15
20
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Boarding and Alighting Route 28RK Beach to Simhachalam
Avg Boarding per trip Avg Alighting per trip
Boarding and Alighting Patterns-Recommendations
• Develop NAD as transfer terminal• Improve transfer facility at RTC Complex terminal• Proper steps to be taken to attract large quantum of
potential riders.
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Headway Analysis• Time difference between the departure of a previous
service to arrival of next bus at a particular bus stop• Bus Arrival Data collected at the selected Bus Stops• Mean, Average and Standard Deviation calculated for
the following time periods:– AM Peak (8AM-10AM)– PM Peak (4:30PM-6:30PM)– Non Peak (remaining times)
• Reliability is High if Standard Deviation is close to Zero (“0”)
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Bus Occupancy Survey
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Bus Occupancy PercentageEmpty (< 10) 12
Half Full (10-30) 40
Full (all seats occupied + 5 people
standing)
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Standing (all seats occupied + 5-20
people standing)
10
Crowded (all seats occupied + > 20
people standing)
4
Bus Occupancy @ Maddilapalem Bus Stop
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Figure 39: Combined Analysis for NAD: RTC Complex to Simhachalam
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Combined Analysis for Anandapuram: RTC Complex to Tagarapuvalasa
Recommendations• Continuous monitoring and benchmarking of operations• Better utilization of available technology (ETM)• Implement AVLS monitoring to have control over operations• Scheduling to match demand• Introducing shorter loops on certain routes to improve control
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Thank You