Download - Electrical Symbols
Electrical Symbols & Electronic SymbolsElectrical symbols and electronic circuit symbols are used for drawing schematic diagram.The symbols represent electrical and electronic components.
Table of Electrical SymbolsSymbol Component name Meaning
Wire Symbols
Electrical Wire Conductor of electrical current
Connected Wires Connected crossing
Not connected Wires Wires are not connected
Switch Symbols and Relay Symbols
SPST Toggle Switch Disconnects current when open
SPDT Toggle Switch Selects between two connections
Pushbutton Switch (N.O) Momentary switch - normally open
Pushbutton Switch (N.C) Momentary switch - normally closed
DIP Switch DIP switch is used for onboard configuration
SPST RelayRelay open / close connection by an electromagnet
SPDT Relay
Jumper Close connection by jumper insertion on pins.
Solder Bridge Solder to close connection
Ground Symbols
Earth Ground Used for zero potential reference and electrical shock protection.
Chassis Ground Connected to the chassis of the circuit
Digital / Common Ground
Resistor Symbols
Resistor (IEEE)
Resistor reduces the current flow.
Resistor (IEC)
Potentiometer (IEEE)
Adjustable resistor - has 3 terminals.
Potentiometer (IEC)
Variable Resistor / Rheostat(IEEE)
Adjustable resistor - has 2 terminals.Variable Resistor / Rheostat(IEC)
Capacitor Symbols
CapacitorCapacitor is used to store electric charge. It acts as short circuit with AC and open circuit with DC.
Capacitor
Polarized Capacitor Electrolytic capacitor
Polarized Capacitor Electrolytic capacitor
Variable Capacitor Adjustable capacitance
Inductor / Coil Symbols
Inductor Coil / solenoid that generates magnetic field
Iron Core Inductor Includes iron
Variable Inductor
Power Supply Symbols
Voltage Source Generates constant voltage
Current Source Generates constant current.
AC Voltage Source AC voltage source
Generator Electrical voltage is generated by mechanical rotation of the generator
Battery Cell Generates constant voltage
Battery Generates constant voltage
Controlled Voltage SourceGenerates voltage as a function of voltage or current of other circuit element.
Controlled Current SourceGenerates current as a function of voltage or current of other circuit element.
Meter Symbols
Voltmeter Measures voltage. Has very high resistance. Connected in parallel.
Ammeter Measures electric current. Has near zero resistance. Connected serially.
Ohmmeter Measures resistance
Wattmeter Measures electric power
Lamp / Light Bulb SymbolsLamp / light bulb Generates light when current flows
through
Lamp / light bulb
Lamp / light bulb
Diode / LED Symbols
Diode Diode allows current flow in one direction only (left to right).
Zener Diode
Allows current flow in one direction, but also can flow in the reverse direction when above breakdown voltage
Schottky Diode Schottky diode is a diode with low voltage drop
Varactor / Varicap Diode Variable capacitance diode
Tunnel Diode
Light Emitting Diode (LED) LED emits light when current flows through
Photodiode Photodiode allows current flow when exposed to light
Transistor Symbols
NPN Bipolar Transistor Allows current flow when high potential at base (middle)
PNP Bipolar Transistor Allows current flow when low potential at base (middle)
Darlington TransistorMade from 2 bipolar transistors. Has total gain of the product of each gain.
JFET-N Transistor N-channel field effect transistor
JFET-P Transistor P-channel field effect transistor
NMOS Transistor N-channel MOSFET transistor
PMOS Transistor P-channel MOSFET transistor
Misc. Symbols
Motor Electric motor
Transformer Change AC voltage from high to low or low to high.
Electric bell Rings when activated
Buzzer Produce buzzing sound
FuseThe fuse disconnects when current above threshold. Used to protect circuit from high currents.
Fuse
Bus
Contains several wires. Usually for data / address.Bus
Bus
Optocoupler / Opto-isolator Optocoupler isolates onnection to other board
Loudspeaker Converts electrical signal to sound waves
Microphone Converts sound waves to electrical signal
Operational Amplifier Amplify input signal
Schmitt Trigger Operates with hysteresis to reduce noise.
Analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
Converts analog signal to digital numbers
Digital-to-Analog converter (DAC)
Converts digital numbers to analog signal
Crystal Oscillator Used to generate precise frequency clock signal
Antenna Symbols
Antenna / aerial
Transmits & receives radio waves
Antenna / aerial
Dipole Antenna Two wires simple antenna
Logic Gates Symbols
NOT Gate (Inverter) Outputs 1 when input is 0
AND Gate Outputs 1 when both inputs are 1.
NAND Gate Outputs 0 when both inputs are 1. (NOT + AND)
OR Gate Outputs 1 when any input is 1.
NOR Gate Outputs 0 when any input is 1. (NOT + OR)
XOR Gate Outputs 1 when inputs are different. (Exclusive OR)
D Flip-Flop Stores one bit of data
Multiplexer / Mux 2 to 1Connects the output to selected input line.
Multiplexer / Mux 4 to 1
Demultiplexer / Demux 1 to 4
Connects selected output to the input line.
Electronic Components
Electronic components are parts of electrical & electronic circuits. Each component has typical functionality according to its operational characteristics.
Electrical and electronic components tableComponent
ImageComponent
Symbol Component Name
Wire
Toggle switch
Pushbutton switch
Relay
Jumper
Dip switch
Resistor
Variable resistor / Rheostat
Potentiometer
Capacitor
Variable capacitor
Electrolytic capacitor
Inductor
Battery
Voltmeter
Lamp / Light bulb
Diode
BJT Transistor
MOS transistor
Optocoupler / optoisolator
Electric motor
Transformer
Operational amplifier / 741
Crystal oscillator
Fuse
Buzzer
Loudspeaker
Microphone
Antenna / aerial
Passive componentsPassive components do not need additional power source to operate and can not have gain.
Passive components include: wires, switches, resistors, capacitors, inductors, lamps, ...
Active componentsActive components need additional power source to operate and can have gain.Active components include: transistors, relays, power sources, amplifiers, ...
Diode symbolsThe diode is a semiconductor device that allows the current flow in one direction
only. Valve electronic two electrodes called anode or plate and cathode electrodethat uses the rectifying properties of a material type P and N semiconductor.- These symbols can be represented within a circle.
Symbology
Diode symbolsemiconductor, rectifiergeneral symbol
Diode symbolsemiconductor, rectifier general symbol
Diode symbol
Zener diodelimiting diodeunidirectional breakdown
Zener diode
Zener diode
Zener diode
Zener diode
Varicap diodeVaractor
Varicap diodeVaractor
Varicap diodeVaractor
Gunn Impatt diode
Voltage suppressorBidirectional breakdownDiode
Voltage suppressorDiode
Constant current diode
Recovery diode instantSnap
Tunnel diode
Tunnel diode
Tunnel rectifier diode
Schottky diode
Pin diode
Pin diode
Photodiode
LEDlight emitting diode
Photodiode NPNbidirectional
Photodiodetwo segmentsPNP common cathode
Photodiodetwo segmentsPNP common cathode
Laser diode
Magnetic diode
Temperature sensitivediode
Diode NPNBidirectional breakdown
Diode PNPBidirectional breakdown
Bridge rectifier by 4 diodes
Bridge rectifier by 4 diodes
7-Segment displayLED diodes
Bicolor LEDdual polarity
5x7 LED alphanumericsample letter A
Tiristor SCR e díodo:
No caso do tiristor SCR este se assemelha a uma fechadura pelo fato da corrente poder fluir pelo dispositivo em um único sentido, entrando pelo terminal de anodo e saindo pelo terminal de catodo. No entanto difere de um diodo porque mesmo quando o dispositivo está diretamente polarizado ele não consegue entrar em condução enquanto não ocorrer a ativação do seu terminal de controle (terminal denominado porta, ou gate em inglês)
ReostatoFunção Simbolo Foto
é um resistência variável com dois terminais, sendo um fixo e o outro deslizante. Geralmente são utilizados com altas correntes.Variação Contínua: O reostato de variação contínua, comumente denominado potenciômetro, apresenta uma resistência que pode ter qualquer valor entre zero e um valor máximo específico.
Potenciômetro
Função Simbolo Foto
É um tipo de resistência variável comum, sendo normalmente utilizado para controlar o volume em amplificadores de áudio, variadores de tensão, tudo o que é ajustável em função de um valor variável de uma resistência.
Resistor symbolsThe resistors are passive components manufactured specifically to deliver a
given value of resistance to the passage of electric current.The resistors are mainly classified into fixed, variable and special.
Um resistor (frequentemente chamado de resistência, que é na verdade a sua medida) é um dispositivo elétrico muito utilizado em eletrônica, ora com a finalidade de transformar energia elétrica em energia térmica por meio do efeito joule, ora com a finalidade de limitar a corrente elétrica em um circuito.[1]
Resistores são componentes que têm por finalidade oferecer uma oposição à passagem de corrente elétrica, através de seu material. A essa oposição damos o nome de
resistência elétrica, que possui como unidade o ohm. Causam uma queda de tensão em alguma parte de um circuito elétrico, porém jamais causam quedas de corrente elétrica. Isso significa que a corrente elétrica que entra em um terminal do resistor será exatamente a mesma que sai pelo outro terminal, porém há uma queda de tensão. Utilizando-se disso, é possível usar os resistores para controlar a corrente elétrica sobre os componentes desejados.
Um resistor ideal é um componente com uma resistência elétrica que permanece constante independentemente da tensão ou corrente elétricaque circular pelo dispositivo.
Os resistores podem ser fixos ou variáveis. Neste caso são chamados de potenciômetros ou reostatos.
Variable resistorRheostat
Variable resistorpreset
Variable resistorRheostat
Variable resistorpreset
Step varaible resistor
Impedance
Step varaible resistor
Variable resistor
Potentiometer
Resistor of variationcontinuous
Variable resistorPotentiometer
Thermistor, NTCNegative temperature coefficient
Preset potentiometer
Thermistor, PTCPositive temperature coefficient
Thermistor
Photoresistor, LDRLight dependent resistor
Varistor, VDRVoltage dependent resistor
Photoresistor, LDRLight dependent resistor
Varistor, VDRVoltage dependent resistor
Photoresistor, LDRLight dependent resistor
Varistor, VDRVoltage dependent resistor
Photoresistor, LDRLight dependent resistor
Varistor, VDRVoltage-dependent resistor
Resistorwith power supply
Resistorwith fixed tappings
Resistor dependent magnetic field
Attenuator
Protection resistor
Protection resistor
Resistor not flammable
Heating element
Preset resistor
Derivation resistorconnections currentand voltage