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Cause & Effect
Unit 7 & 11
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Transitional Device
•Because/Since/As
•Cause [why something happens]
•So
•Effect[consequence of such situation]
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Adverb Clause
•Adverb clause
•Main clause + dependent clause
•It rains because frogs croak.
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Adverb Clause
•Only dependent clause = fragment
•Because frogs croak. >>fragment
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Because
•Indicates why something happens
•Rose is sad because Jack forbids her to go on a cruise.
•Because Jack forbids her to go on a cruise, Rose is sad.
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Compound Sentence
•Join two [2] simple sentences using a conjunction
•The company offers a high position. She accepts it.
•The company offers a high position, so she accepts it.
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So
•Shows an effect [result]
•Rose can’t swim, so Jack forbids her to go on a cruise.
•You can’t swap the clauses.
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Exercise 5
b.We played badly, so we lost the soccer match.
b.We we lost the soccer match because we played badly.
c.I didn’t study hard, so I failed the test.
c.I failed the test because I didn’t study hard.
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Exercise 5d.My alarm clock didn’t
work, so I was late for the meeting.
d.I was late for the meeting because my alarm clock didn’t work.
e.I am shy, so I don’t have many friends.
f.I don’t have many friends because I am shy.
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Exercise 5
f.I’m tired, so I won’t go to the party.
f.I won’t go to the party because I’m tired.
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Exercise 7
b.I don’t exercise because I am too busy.
b.Because I am too busy, I don’t exercise.
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Brainstorming
Effect:______
Cause 1:_____
Cause 2:_____
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Cause - Effect Paragraph
Rose takes a swimming lesson because of many reasons. [TS]
She wishes to spend her time productively.
She wants to go on a cruise.
She is afraid of drowning.
Supporting Sentences
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Brainstorming
Cause:______
Effect 1:_____
Effect 2:_____
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Cause - Effect Paragraph
Jack woke up late and the consequences were dire. [TS]
He was late for the job interview.
He didn’t have time for breakfast.
He got stuck in the traffic.
Supporting Sentences
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Exercise 9
•TS: However, I [almost] never send any holiday cards.
a.so
b.because
c.Because
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Effect
•As a result
•Consequently
•Therefore
•I wanted to travel for a year after high school. Therefore, I didn’t go to college right away.
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Pair Interview
•Ideas for narrative
•What happened?
•When did it happen?
•What’s next?
•In the end, how did you feel?
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Getting Attention
•Question at the beginning of the paragraph
•Thought provoking
•Stimulate readers to think deeply about the topic in question
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Attention
•The right answer is YES
•If the answer is no, it means
•The topic is irrelevant to them
•The question fails to grab the needed attention
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Attention
•To get a YES answer, avoid
•Being too easy
•Do you have friends?
•Being too obvious
•Are narcotics bad?