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Eisenhower on
Enlightened
Leadership
TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
By Tim Harrington
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Slow start, Meteoric rise to top
• 1915 Graduated West Point – 61 of 165
• 21 years to get to Lt. Colonel
• 1936 - Lieutenant Colonel
2TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Slow start, Meteoric rise to top
• 1915 Graduated West Point – 61 of 165
• 21 years to get to Lt. Colonel
• 1936 - Lieutenant Colonel
• 1941 – Colonel (retirement grade)
• 1941 - 1 Star General
• 1942 - 2 Star General
• 1942 – 3 Star General
• 1943 - 4 Star General
• 1944 - 5 Star General
4TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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His Board of Directors… and Staff
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To make matters worse…
There was no American Army 1940!1940 U.S.
Total military 130,000
Total tanks 100
Total aircraft 1,175
Germany
3,000,000
4,000
6,000
6TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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US General Grant
Tank
German Mark VI
Tiger tank
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Brewster F2A Buffalo
Messerschmitt Bf 109
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Characteristics of Someone
Who Will Not Make a Good
Leader1. Self-seeking
2. Passes the buck
3. Attempts to do everything himself
4. Bad manners and discourteous
5. Great love of the limelight
6. Treats subordinates as lesser
7. Pessimistic
From Eisenhower’s advice on
which officers would NOT be
eligible for promotion.9
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An Enlightened Leader
1. Exhibits personal integrity
2. Plans thoroughly, communicates vision
3. Selects staff well and backs them completely
4. Encourages a close, family relationship among staff
5. Remains optimistic at all times
6. Deals well with difficult people
7. Humble: Deflects praise to others
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1. Exhibits Personal Integrity
11TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Exhibits Personal Integrity
What set Ike apart?
His way with peopleDiplomacy
Truthfulness
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Diplomacy
“It was inevitable Eisenhower would have his way. His real achievement was that he had won without alienating the British (allies)…. He turned them down but only after giving them the opportunity to fully state their views, and he never let himself be provoked into losing his temper.”
Stephen E. Ambrose
“The Supreme Commander”13
Exhibits Personal Integrity
TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Exhibits Personal Integrity
Truthfulness
“He struck me as being completely sincere, straightforward and very modest…it was not long before I realized him as the really great man he is - forceful, able direct and far-seeing…”
First Sea Lord, Sir Andrew B. Cunningham
Royal Navy, Naval Chief of Staff
14TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Exhibits Personal Integrity
“It was not long before we discovered that our Commander was a man of outstanding integrity.”
First Sea Lord, Sir Andrew B. Cunningham
Royal Navy, Naval Chief of Staff
15TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Exhibits Personal Integrity
“…his real strength lies in his human qualities…He has the power of drawing the hearts of men towards him as a magnet attracts bits of metal. He merely has to smile at you, and you trust him at once. He is the very incarnation of sincerity.”
Field Marshall Montgomery
British Army
16Boisson
TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Exhibits Personal Integrity
“The supreme quality for leadership is unquestionably integrity. Without it, no real success is possible, no matter whether it is on a section gang, a football field, in an army, or in an office.”
Dwight D. Eisenhower
17TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Exhibits Personal Integrity
“I have found and all other French leaders tell me that you will not lie or evade in any dealings with us, even when it appears you could easily do so.”
Pierre Boisson
Governor General of French West Africa
18TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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2. Plans Thoroughly, Communicates Vision Well
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Plans Thoroughly, Communicates Vision Well
“History has proved that nothing is more difficult in war than to adhere to a single strategic plan.”
Eisenhower, Crusade in Europe
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“We succeed only as we identify in life, or in
war, or in anything else, a single overriding
objective, and make all other considerations
bend to that one objective.”
Plans Thoroughly, Communicates Vision Well
21TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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“This war will be won by a seaborne
invasion of Europe through France.”
Eisenhower
Ike never varied from this original plan, though literally
everyone else above him did.
Dec. 1941, Being routed in Asia
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Tide changes by D-Day
Allies 1940
Total military 130,000
Total tanks 100
Total aircraft 1,175
Naval craft
June 1944
2,900,000
5,000
16,000
6,000
Just 3 ½ years later
23TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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“Going into battle without a plan is
foolhardy.
But as soon as the shooting starts,
the plan is useless.”
“In preparing for battle I have always
found that plans are useless, but
planning is indispensable.”
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Differentiate between:Strategically Necessary
Strategically Desirable
Maximum resources should be allocated to Strategically Necessary
Minimal resources should be allocated to Strategically Desirable
The distinction should be “rigidly” observed
Plans Thoroughly, Communicates Vision Well
26TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Planning at the Strategic Level
• Remain committed to the Vision
• Make all other objectives ‘bend’ to that
Planning at the Tactical Level
• Never let mind become set or rigid– Mental agility
• Create situations that give you several alternatives
• Remain flexible always
27TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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The Remagen Bridge didn’t fit any plan.
Ignore the plan!
Remagen
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The Remagen Bridge didn’t fit any plan.
Ignore the plan!
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3. Selects staff well and backs them completely
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“True delegation implies the courage and readiness to back up a subordinate to the full…”
Selects staff well and backs them completely
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Assistants must solve their own problems and tell you later what they have done
Do not impose your own will, but through persuasion and cooperation, draw on the talents of your staff
Selects staff well and backs them completely
32TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Montgomery Versus Eisenhower
Monty worked on a problem in literal isolation, then handed down orders
Selects staff well and backs them completely
33
Ike talked things over at length
with his commanders and staff
before reaching a decision
TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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1. He gave staff a task
2. He avoided looking over their shoulder
3. He resisted guiding them to a solution
4. If well done, he was quick to give them credit
5. If failure, he took blame himself
Selects staff well and backs them completely
34TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Take blame for subordinates’ mistakes so that they are free to make decisions without fear
Selects staff well and backs them completely
35TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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“Our landings in the Cherbourg-Havre area have failed to gain a satisfactory foothold and I have withdrawn the troops. My decision to attack at this time and place was based on the best information available. The troops, the air and the Navy did all that bravery and devotion to duty could do.
If any blame or fault attaches to the attempt it is mine alone.”
Take the blame:A speech he never had to make
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4. Encourages a Close, Family Relationship Among
Staff
37TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Encourages a Close, Family Relationship Among Staff
As a former football coach, he:
1. Emphasized team over star
2. Co-ordination of effort rather than flashy individual performance
TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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• All departments must be a well coordinated team
• No successful staff can have any personal enmities existing
• A staff needs to be “one big crowd of friends”
• The Commander can have no personal enemies on the staff as it sabotages authority
39TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
Encourages a Close, Family Relationship Among Staff
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“…he must never lose touch with the …troops. He can and should delegate tactical responsibility and avoid interference in the authority of his selected subordinates, but he must maintain the closest kind of factual and spiritual contact with them or…he will fail. This contact requires frequent visits to the troops themselves.”
40TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
Encourages a Close, Family Relationship Among Staff
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Test
Test
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“Nothing can take the place of direct contact between commanders and this is far more valuable when the senior does the traveling, instead of sitting in his headquarters waiting for subordinates to come.”
Encourages a Close Family Relationship Among Staff
M. B. W. A.
42TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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Dwight D. Ike Eisenhower
A pretty ordinary guy
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Test
Test
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Test
Test
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Test
Test
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Test
Test
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Test
Test
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Test
Test
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Test
Test
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5. Remains optimistic at all times
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“Any expression of defeatism or any failure to push ahead in confidence was instant cause for relief from duty, and all officers knew it.”
Battle of the Bulge
Tragedy or Opportunity
Remains optimistic at all times
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December 16, 1944 600,000 German troops
crash through Allied lines in the Ardennes
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Remains optimistic at all times
“The present situation is to be regarded as one of opportunity for us and not of disaster. There will only be cheerful faces at this conference table.”
Gen. Eisenhower
Verdun, December 18, 1944
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Patton
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6. Dealing with Difficult
People
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Patient yet decisive
Always let other have their
say
Dealing with Difficult People
When Montgomery was
lecturing him in a fury…
“Steady, Monty! You can’t speak
to me like that. I’m your boss.”
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His toughest tests!
Among his most effective
generals, both Patton
and Montgomery were at
times insubordinate.
Ike fired them both at
least once
Dealing with Difficult People
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Ike DID NOT treat all people alike
He understood that certain people required certain ‘handling’
But it wasn’t based on favoritism, it all focused on achieving the VISION.
Dealing with Difficult People
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Humble: Deflects Praise to
Others
A leader must “be self-effacing, quick to give
credit to others, ready to seek and take
advice, and willing to decentralize....When
time comes to make a decision,…he must
make it on his own responsibility and take
full blame for anything that goes wrong.”
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“Its amazing what you can accomplish if you give others credit for it.”
Eisenhower
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Humble: Deflects Praise to
Others
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“Dear Ike:
…I would like to say what a privilege and an honor it has
been to serve under you. I owe much to your wise guidance
and kindly forbearance. I know my own faults very well and
I do not suppose I am an easy subordinate; I like to go my
own way. But you have kept me on the rails in difficult and
stormy times, and have taught me much. For all this I am
very grateful.”
Monty
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An Enlightened Leader
1. Exhibits personal integrity
2. Plans thoroughly, communicates vision
3. Selects staff well and backs them completely
4. Encourages a close, family relationship among staff
5. Remains optimistic at all times
6. Deals well with difficult people
7. Humble: Deflects Praise to others
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TIM Transform Inspire Motivate
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The End Result of Fine Leadership
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TIM Touch Inspire Motivate
Timothy Harrington, CPATEAM Resources
800-788-9542
@TimTeamResource
www.linkedin.com/in/timothypharrington1
www.TimothyHarrington.net/blog.html