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Egyptian ArtEgyptian ArtKingdoms and ArchitectureKingdoms and Architecture
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LocationLocation
• Egypt is located in Northern Africa
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The EgyptiansThe Egyptians
•People from Western Asia, related to present day Egyptians•Began a powerful civilization 5,000 years ago
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How Egypt Became Powerful How Egypt Became Powerful • Nile river flooded its
banks every year • Rich soil was up to 9m
deep• People could grow crops
and did not need to hunt• Families grew large• Groups grew strong and
took over others
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KingdomsKingdoms• Egyptian rule began 3,000 BC and lasted
for 3,000 years.• History of Egypt is divided into periods
called Kingdoms (Old, Middle, New)• Further divided into times when the same
family ruled called Dynasties• Reign ended with the death of a Pharaoh
and crowning of someone from the same family - to keep the blood “pure”
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•This period began around 2686 B.C. and ended about 500 years later
• The most powerful period
•When the pyramids were built
The Old KingdomThe Old Kingdom
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Built for religious purposes. (Resurrection, Ka, God-like Pharaoh, Sarcophagus)
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Not very much space inside, multiple entrances
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This is bread that is 4000 years old.
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Step Pyramids are mastabas stacked on one another. The final form was the pyramid.
First bodies were buried in pits in the sand, then they were placed in raised graves called Mastabas.
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Theory of BuildingTheory of Building
• Thousands of slaves• Decades to build• Floated rocks from cliffs along the Nile• 2.3 million blocks of stone• Each weighting over 2 tonnes• Hauled using sand ramps• 13 acres• 150 m high
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Earth ramps to haul blocks
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QuestionsQuestions• Describe the pyramids• Define: Ka, Sarcophagus, Re• Describe the burial process. What were the
Egyptians religious beliefs• Why did they put fake passages in the
pyramids?• Explain how the pyramid shape evolved. (4
steps)• How were the pyramids built?• What kingdom were the pyramids made?