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Efficiencies of the BSC Detector at CDF Experiment
Aniel Nieves
Dimitri Tsybychev, Darin Acosta
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This Presentation will get into…
• Some insight of what is Particle Physics.
• Proton-antiproton collisions and important concepts related to that subject.
• Simulations of proton-antiproton collisions.
• How we did those simulations.
• Results.
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Particle Physics
• Particle physics focus on fundamental particles and their interactions.
• Particle physicists are looking for answers to questions like: Are all the forces a manifestation of a single force? Where does mass come from? or Are there more quarks?
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Proton-antiproton Collisions
• We study proton-antiproton (ppbar) interaction with little bias in the type of ppbar interaction.
• The rate is measured. • The rate and the estimated
efficiency are used to calculate the Luminosity (L).
• The Luminosity is used to obtain cross sections of particular processes.
protons antiprotons
p
K
K
K
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Cross Section
• Is the effective area a target present to a high energy particle.
• Measured in barns (1barn = 10-24 cm2).
• Useful to compare the probability of a type of interaction to occur against another.
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Some Basic Equations
• We measure the rate (R): R = dN / dt = (L )
• L is Instantaneous luminosity:L = N / (t)
• The efficiency is given by: = Ndet / N
• The integrated Luminosity (L) is obtained:
2
1
t
t
// dt det
2
1
NNLt
tL
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Fermilab
Beam energy is 1 TeV
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The CDF Experiment
BSC
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Simulations ppbar Collisions
• Our goal was to estimate the efficiencies.
• To achieve that, we simulate ppbar interactions and the BSC.
• The BSC are scintillators
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How we did the simulations
• The simulation is divided in two parts:1st the simulation of the ppbar collision (Pythia and MBR).2nd the simulation of particles interacting with the material of the detector (GEANT).
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But to give you an idea…
Particle coming from interaction point and colliding with the detector.
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What is coincidence?
A special arrangement of the detectors useful to rule out particles that do not came from IP.
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Results
Beam Shower Counters' EfficienciesThe energy of the simulated interaction was 2 TeV. Total cross section for semi-hard interaction for PYTHIA was 74.22mbarn (HC - 39.6 mbarn), for MBR 80.35 mbarn (HC - 40.179 mbarn). Characteristics of run <E1> <E2> <E3> <E4> <E2*2> <E3*3> sigmaPYTHIA (HC+SD+DD) 0.229 ± 0.004 0.340 ± 0.005 0.397 ± 0.005 0.434 ± 0.005 0.158 ± 0.004 0.213 ± 0.004PYTHIA (HC+SD+DD+spr-z) 0.230 ± 0.004 0.342 ± 0.005 0.398 ± 0.005 0.435 ± 0.005 0.162 ± 0.004 0.214 ± 0.004PYTHIA (HC) 0.366 0.535 0.618 0.674 0.282 0.379 ± 0.005PYTHIA (HC+flanges) 0.365 0.532 0.612 0.670 0.279 0.374 ± 0.005PYTHIA (HC+2*flanges) 0.367 0.537 0.619 0.676 0.286 0.382 ± 0.005PYTHIA (HC+flanges+spr-z) 0.367 0.537 0.618 0.674 0.286 0.380 ± 0.005PYTHIA (HC+2*flanges+spr-z) 0.369 0.539 0.619 0.676 0.290 0.383 ± 0.005PYTHIA (HC+ (z_counter + 5cm)) 0.365 0.532 0.616 0.672 0.281 0.374 ± 0.005PYTHIA (HC+spr-z+flanges+var_e) 0.370 0.543 0.625 0.683 0.298 0.394 ± 0.005
MBR (HC) 0.373 0.520 0.589 0.637 0.320 0.399 ± 0.005MBR (SD+HC) 0.303 ± 0.005 0.426 ± 0.005 0.485 ± 0.005 0.527 ± 0.005 0.234 ± 0.004 0.294 ± 0.005MBR (SD) 0.123 ± 0.003 0.187 ± 0.004 0.220 ± 0.004 0.247 ± 0.004 0.008 ± 0.001 0.013 ± 0.003
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Final Remarks and Conclusion
• Simulations of ppbar collisions were made to estimate efficiency of detector.
• This is necessary to obtain other physical information.• We obtain results that will be useful for Luminosity
calculations at Fermilab, that can also tell us how frequent can be a certain type of interaction.
• This is not over. There is a lot to do, for example:
The CLC