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Maintainthe balance
To get the most out of your CDN…
Johannes Eckerdal
8 October 2014
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Headlines of today
IKEA on the world wide web...
The Experience Delivery Network
Maintaining the Balance
Property Mgr rocked the world
Examples from Reality
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1:45min movie about IKEA
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IKEA has been
present on the
Internet since
1997 and we are
now building our
5th generation
web platform.
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...a complex bastard with 170 Million visits in August 2014. Present in 46+
countries whereof 1/3 with eCommerce in some flavor.
From Notepad web to…
5
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6
IKEA today use
AQUA Ion and
KONA to secure
delivery of +150
domains
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Sometimes we need a
CDN
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ExperienceDelivery Network
deliver content.
deliver an Experience.
deliver the Brand.
create a value.
WETo use the CDN as an EDN we need to do more on the Edge…
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Visitor Characteristics Check
• GEO, Device, Customer
Border Control
• Minimize Attack Window
• Minimize Attack Window
• Minimize Attack Window
• Kill the zombies
• Black Hole
• Lock the door
Some things make sense to do on
the Edge
Traffic Control
• Redirect
• Rewrite
• Origin this or that
• Service degradation mgmtAdaption for Reality
• Network status
• Browser capabilities
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Minimize the Attack windowCache
Res ipsa loquitur…
(Unfortunately a bigger
issue than we normally
imagine)
Ignore QS
Ignore QS by default and
include it where it’s
necessary
Deny POST
Deny POST method by
default and allow it only
where it’s absolutely
necessary
Ignore Case
Ignore Case by default and
activate it where it’s
necessary
Even the simplest Make Sense Rule complicates life for the developer
BOT strategy
Why should bots be allowed
to take resources from real
users?
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• Using functionality on the Edge impacts Development
• The CDN will not become the EDN unless its an integrated component in your complete stack
• Using functionality on the Edge must be done with Care
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Thebalance
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Pure
Simple
Nice-to-have
Stand-alone
CDN Agnostic CDN Dependent
Integrated
Vendor lock-in
Vendor independence
Complex
More secureLess secure
Content Experience
Vendor dependency
Usage of functionality
Usage of what we for
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EDN approach, but with maintained
balance. There are plenty of more
functionality we could use…
An example of approach…
Managed service.
Traditional CDN approach.
+90% 12%
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The operation was a success, butthe patient died
The operation was a success
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• IaaS• DevelopmentaaS• SupportaaS• ServiceaaS• RequirementaaS• ResponsibilityaaS
• How to maintain the balance if we buy CDN as a Managed Service?
• In the end of the day –does it matter who to blame when your brand goes down?
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IKEA CDNCompetence Centre
We have tried a Managed Service of the Managed Service…
We have tested a Do-it-yourself approach…
We have settled a
team.
*
* The name used in this presentation is fiction, and should not be confused with the internal organizational name.
CDN Competence & Support
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CDN Competence & Support
Monitoring SIRT
CDN
CDN
Application
Application
Application
Network
Application
Not only Support and Competence, BUTRequirements on Development
BudgetStrategy
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And then came
Propertymanager
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PM changes the equation
We can do more and still maintain the balance.
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• Boosts Time to market
• Empowers us to try and explore
• Puts you in Driving seat
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Examples from
Reality
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Problem
There is a trillion permutations of the same things... Too low cache hit ratio,
too high response times, origin capacity constraint.
/product/1,2,3,4,5/ and /product/2,3,4,5/ are almost the same.
/product/1,2,3,4,5/ and /product/5,4,3,2,1/ same-same, but different…
Solution
Use ESI to itemize and assembly at the edge. Cache items individually.
Balance maintained
Yes, the functionality is not changed. We just get the most out of the CDN.
Web Service delivery
23
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24
PM implementation
34 lines34 lines
From advanced MD
override in CM, created by
PS, to a few rules we
created outselves in PM.
From advanced MD
override in CM, created by
PS, to a few rules we
created outselves in PM.
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Problem
Redirects kill user performance. Redirect cache hitRatio is too low.
Solution
1000s of redirects maintained in origin Content Mgmt System. Instead of
deploying the list of RewriteRules to origin webServers, we deploy the list to
Akamai and use ESI to loop through it and create the redirect on the fly – at
the Edge. Immediate activation.
Balance maintained
Yes, the functionality is not changed.
Works even better for Mobile Detection & Redirect…
...where mapping between m. and www. is dynamic.
Redirect engine
25
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PM implementation
the listthe list
From an advanced
configuration (not even
CM) to a super-simple
PM version.
From an advanced
configuration (not even
CM) to a super-simple
PM version.
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The exception…
Obviously it was too good to be true. A redirect is not a redirect.
The redirect depends…
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Problem
Out-of-the-box does not scale. Common backend for all markets. Not
possible to optimize for optimal performance – always least common
denominator.
Solution
Functional Clusters instead of Market based Clusters. URL-routing of traffic
done already at the Edge. Each cluster optimized for its task, and issues are
isolated to a higher degree.
Balance maintained
Yes, the functionality is not changed. It may easily be done by URI-routing
e.g. in LoadBalancer.
Functional clusters
28
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PM implementation
From a mess… with a
mixture of CM Basic
Rules and advanced MD
override...
From a mess… with a
mixture of CM Basic
Rules and advanced MD
override...
…to direct control and
visibility.
Easily changed and
activated.
…to direct control and
visibility.
Easily changed and
activated.
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Usage scenario
For SEO reasons the same image/document have different paths.
Problem
Implementation of Rewrite rules differs in origin and at CDN. Different
methods has previously been used to solve the same thing.
Solution
Property Manager! Modify path by regex is what we use at origin, and in all
test systems. Now we can replicate this 1:1 in Akamai.
Balance maintained
Yes, now we are in control ourselves.
Regex rewrites
30
/image/billy-bookshelf-12345.jpg = /image/billy-bokhylla-12345.jpg
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From origin code to PM
31
Replication of Code – Replication of Test – Replication of Function.
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All good then…?
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Simplifies our communication
Complete Visibility
DIY
Nested rules
Complex things are made in a simple way
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There are some dark clouds on the PM sky…
The more you get – the more you want
PerformancePerformance
BugsBugs
”Help” Section”Help” Section
MD XML generated far more complicated
Debug Tools missing
Debug Tools missing
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Finalwords...
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To get the most out of your
CDN…
Get in Control
Stay in Control
Maintain the balance
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16-Oct-14 [IKEA Business Unit/Topic name] 37
Home is the most important place in the world
© In
ter IK
EA Systems B.V. 2
014