ECOLOGYPlants and animals depend on each other and their physical environment.

OBJECTIVE Describe the flow of energy and matter

through food chains and food webs.

ENERGY FLOW THROUGH ECOSYSTEMS Energy flows

through ecosystems in one direction

Energy flows from the Sun to Producers to Consumers to Decomposers

ENERGY FLOW THROUGH ECOSYSTEMS

ENERGY FLOW THROUGH ECOSYSTEMS

process may be visualized with food chains

ENERGY FLOW THROUGH ECOSYSTEMS process may be visualized with energy

pyramids.

FOOD WEBS Food webs identify

feeding relationships among producers, consumers, and decomposers in an ecosystem.

MATTER CYCLES Matter is transferred from one

organism to another and between organisms and their physical environment.

WATER CYCLE

CARBON AND OXYGEN CYCLE IN PS.

CARBON CYCLE

NITROGEN CYCLE

OBJECTIVE Provide evidence that green plants

make food and explain the significance of this process to other organisms

PHOTOSYNTHESIS the Sun’s energy is

converted into and stored as chemical energy in the form of a sugar.

PHOTOSYNTHESIS Photosynthesis is

carried on by green plants and other organisms containing chlorophyll.

Chlorophyll Molecule (found inside the chloroplasts)

Moss Chloroplasts

PHOTOSYNTHESISThe quantity of sugar molecules increases in green plants as sunlight increases

OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE The major source of atmospheric oxygen is

photosynthesis.

OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE Carbon dioxide is removed from the

atmosphere and oxygen is released during photosynthesis.

PRODUCERS Green plants are the

producers of food which is used directly or indirectly by consumers

PRODUCERS Green plants are the

producers of food which is used directly or indirectly by consumers