Download - Ecological succession -- Changes in the composition or structure of an ecological community
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Ecological succession-- Changes in the composition or
structure of an ecological community
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Types of ecological succession:
• Primary succession• Secondary succession• Seasonal (cyclic) succession
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Successional modesPrimary succession
• Cataclysmic disturbance• Pioneer species are adapted to
extreme environments• Pioneer species make new soil
so that other plants can eventually live there too
Secondary succession• Ecological disturbance such as:
– Wildfire– Pollution– Storm
• Pioneer species colonize existing soil once inhabited by other species
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Ecological succession
Minor ecological
disturbance
Period of gradual
ecosystem development
Period of gradual
ecosystem development
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Primary succession
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Secondary succession
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Ecological equilibrium• Also called dynamic or climax equilibrium• Environment is in a relatively steady state• Biological invasion must occur through
competition alone
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Example: Hawai’ian Islands
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Ecological succession in Hawai’i• Chain of islands being
actively formed• Oldest and largest island is
the site of active volcanism
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Ecological succession in Hawai’i• Chain of islands being
actively formed• Oldest and largest island is
the site of active volcanism (CATA_______ EVENT)
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Ecological succession in Hawai’i• Chain of islands being
actively formed• Oldest and largest island is
the site of active volcanism (CATACLYSMIC EVENT)
![Page 12: Ecological succession -- Changes in the composition or structure of an ecological community](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649d045503460f949d8335/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Ecological succession in Hawai’i• Chain of islands being
actively formed• Oldest and largest island is
the site of active volcanism (CATACLYSMIC EVENT)
![Page 13: Ecological succession -- Changes in the composition or structure of an ecological community](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649d045503460f949d8335/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Ecological succession in Hawai’i• Chain of islands being
actively formed• Oldest and largest island
is the site of active volcanism (CATACLYSMIC EVENT)
• Species colonizing nearest the volcanoes are _______ SPECIES
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Ecological succession in Hawai’i• Chain of islands being
actively formed• Oldest and largest island is
the site of active volcanism (CATACLYSMIC EVENT)
• Species colonizing nearest the volcanoes are PIONEER SPECIES– Algae, lichens, moss, fungi, grasses
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Ecological succession in Hawai’i• Chain of islands being
actively formed• Oldest and largest island is
the site of active volcanism (CATACLYSMIC EVENT)
• Species colonizing nearest the volcanoes are PIONEER SPECIES– Algae, lichens, moss, fungi, grasses– Pioneer species make ____
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• Chain of islands being actively formed
• Oldest and largest island is the site of active volcanism (CATACLYSMIC EVENT)
• Species colonizing nearest the volcanoes are PIONEER SPECIES– Algae, lichens, moss, fungi, grasses
– Pioneer species make SOIL
Ecological succession in Hawai’i
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• Chain of islands being actively formed
• Oldest and largest island is the site of active volcanism (CATACLYSMIC EVENT)
• Species colonizing nearest the volcanoes are PIONEER SPECIES– Algae, lichens, moss, fungi, grasses
– Pioneer species make SOIL
Ecological succession in Hawai’i
PRIMARY SUCCESSION
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• No cataclysmic events on older islands (Kauai, Oahu) in recent geologic history
Ecological succession in Hawai’i
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• No cataclysmic events on older islands (Kauai, Oahu) in recent geologic history
• Species colonizing existing habitats are performing _________ SUCCESSION
Ecological succession in Hawai’i
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• No cataclysmic events on older islands (Kauai, Oahu) in recent geologic history
• Species colonizing existing habitats are performing SECONDARY SUCCESSION
Ecological succession in Hawai’i
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• No cataclysmic events on older islands (Kauai, Oahu) in recent geologic history
• Species colonizing existing habitats are performing SECONDARY SUCCESSION
Ecological succession in Hawai’i
Older islands are in a state of ECOLOGICAL ___________
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• No cataclysmic events on older islands (Kauai, Oahu) in recent geologic history
• Species colonizing existing habitats are performing SECONDARY SUCCESSION
Ecological succession in Hawai’i
Older islands are in a state of ECOLOGICAL EQUILIBRIUM
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Ecological succession in Hawai’i
________ SUCCESSION – Mauna Loa/Hualalai saddle, Big Island
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Ecological succession in Hawai’i
PRIMARY SUCCESSION – Mauna Loa/Hualalai saddle, Big Island
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Ecological succession in Hawai’i
___________ SUCCESSION – Kalaulau valley, Kauai
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Ecological succession in Hawai’i
SECONDARY SUCCESSION – Kalaulau valley, Kauai