SrNoQuestion
Id
Question
Descriptio
n
Question Body Options
1017Crown Prince United Arab Emirates
Mohd Bin Zayed Al Nahyan कराउन परिस सियकत
अरब अमीरात मोहममद पबन जायद अल नाहयान
1018Prime Minister Laos Thongloun
Sisoulith रधान मितरी लाओस थोिगलोउन पससोलॉथ
1019President South Africa Cyril
Ramaphosa राषटर पपत दपिण अफरीका पसररल
रामाफोसा 1020Prime Minister Thailand Prayuth
Chan-ocha थाईलड क रधान मितरी रयथ चान-ओशा
1021Jammu amp Kashmir जमम और कशमीर म
1022Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश म
1023Uttarakhand उततराखिड म
1024Sikkim पसककिम म
1025encourage entrepreneurship among
youth in India भारत म यवाओि म वयवसाय को
बढावा दना1026make higher education compulsory
for all children सभी बचोि क पलए उच पशिा
अपनवायय करना1027promote cottage industries and
empower rural people कटीर उदयोगोि को बढावा
दना और गरामीण लोगोि को सशकत बनाना
2 256 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
02
Nelong Valley is located in नलोिग घाटी ककथथत ह
1 255 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
01
Who was the Chief Guest at Republic Day Parade India
2019भारत 2019 गणतितर पदवस परड म मखय अपतपथ कौन थ
3 257 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
03
The mission of lsquoUnnat Bharat Abhiyanrsquo is tolsquoउननत भारत
अपभयानrsquo कापमशन ह
DU BEd Special Education Mental Retardation
1028leverage higher education institutions
to bring transformational change in rural
development processes गरामीण पवकास
रपकरयाओि म पररवतयनकारी पररवतयन लान क पलए उच
पशिा सिथथानोि का लाभ उठाना
1029National Girl Child Day January 24
राषटर ीय बापलका पदवस 24 जनवरी को 1030World Cancer Day February 4 पवशव
क सर पदवस 4 फरवरी को 1031International Womenrsquos Day March 8
अितरायषटर ीय महिला पदवस 8 मारच को
1032International Literacy Day
September 8 अितरायषटर ीय सािरता पदवस 8 पसतिबर
को 1033Madhya Pradesh मधय रदश
1034Kerala करल
1035Andhra Pradesh आिधर रदश
1036Bihar पबहार
1037Mithali Raj पमथाली राज
1038Deepti Sharma दीककि शमाय
1039Harmanpreet Kaur हरमनरीत कौर
1040Smriti Mandhana समपत मिधाना
1041Dr Satish Dhawan डॉ सतीश धवन
1042Dr A P J Abdul Kalam डॉ ए पी ज
अबदल कलाम 1043Dr U R Rao डॉ य आर राव
1044Dr Vikram Sarabhai डॉ पवकरम साराभाई
1045Equality समानता
1046Religious freedom धापमयक सवतितरता
4 258 DU_J19_BE
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04
lsquoI am and I willrsquo campaign was launched on lsquoम हि और म
कर गाrsquo अपभयान शर पकया गया था
3 257 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
03
The mission of lsquoUnnat Bharat Abhiyanrsquo is tolsquoउननत भारत
अपभयानrsquo कापमशन ह
6 260 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
06
Who holds the record for the highest ODI innings score
by an Indian woman cricketer एक पदवसीय पकरकट रपतयोपगता
की एक पारी म सवायपधक वयकककतगत सकोर बनान वाली भारतीय मपहला
पकरकटर कौन ह
5 259 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
05
Which of the following states has launched an
employment scheme lsquoYuva Swamibhan Yojnarsquo for urban
youth पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न शहरी यवाओि क पलए एक रोजगार
योजना lsquoयवा सवापभमान योजनाrsquo शर की ह
8 262 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
08
Article 14 15 and 16 form part of a scheme of the
Constitutional Rights to अनचछद 14 15 और 16 सिवधापनक
अपधकारोि की पनमनपलककखत म स पकस एक योजना का पहससा ह
7 261 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
07
Who is known as the lsquothe first missile manrsquo of
India भारत क lsquoरथम पमसाइल मनrsquo क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह
1047Abolition of untouchability असपशयता
का उनमलन 1048Property सिपपतत
1049Aurobindo Ghosh अरपबनद घोष
1050Dr S Radhakrishnan डॉ एस
राधाकषणन1051Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad मौलाना
अबदल कलाम आजाद1052Mahatama Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1053R N Tagore आर एन टगोर
1054Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1055Muhammad Iqbal महममद इकबाल
1056Kavi Pardeep कपव रदीप
1057Ronojoy Dutta रोनोजॉय दतता
1058Pradeep Singh Kharola रदीप पसिह
खारोला 1059Ashwani Lohani अशवनी लोहानी
1060Sudhir Bharagav सधीर भागयव
1061Delhi to Varanasi पदलली को वाराणसी स
1062Prayagraj to Varanasi रयागराज को
वाराणसी स1063Delhi to Ahmedabad पदलली को
अहमदाबाद स1064Haridwar to Prayagraj हररदवार को
रयागराज स1065Class V किा V
1066Class VIII किा VIII
1067Class IX किा IX
1068Class X किा X
8 262 DU_J19_BE
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08
Article 14 15 and 16 form part of a scheme of the
Constitutional Rights to अनचछद 14 15 और 16 सिवधापनक
अपधकारोि की पनमनपलककखत म स पकस एक योजना का पहससा ह
10 264 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
10
Who is the writer of the famous song lsquoSare Jahan se
Accha Hindustan Hamara परहिदध गीत lsquoसार जहाि स अचछा
पहिदसतान हमाराrsquo क लखक कौन ह
9 263 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
09
Who amongst the following is the author of the book
lsquoHindu View of Liferdquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन पसतक पहिद वय ऑफ
लाइफ का लखक ह
12 266 DU_J19_BE
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12
Indian semi-high-speed train lsquoVande Bharat Expressrsquo
connectsभारतीय अधय-उच गपत वाली टर न lsquoविद भारत एकसरसrsquo जोड़ती ह
11 265 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
11
Who amongst the following has been appointed as the
Air India CMD for the second time पनमनपलककखत म स पकस
दसरी बार एयर इिपडया क सी एम डी क रप म पनयकत पकया गया ह
13 267 DU_J19_BE
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13
No child could be detained upto which Class under lsquoNo
Detention Policyrsquo of Right to Education (RTE) Act पशिा
का अपधकार (आर टी ई) अपधपनयम की नो पडटशन पॉपलसीrsquo क अनतगयत
पकसी भी बच को पकस किा तक अवरदध नही ि पकया जा सकता ह
1069transforming India into a digital
empowered society and a knowledge
economy भारत को पडपजटल सशकत समाज और जञान
अथयवयवथथा म बदलना ह1070providing laptops to all students in
higher education institutions उच पशिा
सिथथानोि म सभी छातरोि को लपटॉप रदान करना ह
1071creating a network of
telecommunication across all villages सभी
गािवो ि म दरसिचार का नटवकय थथापपत करना ह1072empowering village youth with
computer literacy and skills कि पयटर सािरता
और कौशलोि क साथ गािव क यवाओि को सशकत बनाना
1073Bihar पबहार
1074Punjab पिजाब
1075Uttar Pradesh उततर रदश
1076Haryana हररयाणा
1077Pakistan पापकसतान
1078Republic of Korea कोररया गणराजय
1079India इिपडया
1080Iran ईरान
1081Dr S K De Datta डॉ एस क द दतता
1082Prof P K Sen रोफसर पी क सन
1083Nel Jayaraman नल जयरामन
1084Dr M S Swaminathan डॉ एम एस
सवामीनाथन 1085Bharat Ratna भारत रतन
1086Padma Shri पदम शरी
1087Padma Bhushan पदम भषण
1088Padma Vibhushan पदम पवभषण
14 268 DU_J19_BE
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14
lsquoDigital Indiarsquo campaign launched by Government of
India aims at भारत सरकार दवारा शर पकया गया पडपजटल इिपडया
अपभयान का उददशय ह
16 270 DU_J19_BE
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16
Which of the following country won the 2018 Dubai
Kabbadi Masters Tournament पनमनपलककखत म स पकस दश न
2018 दबई कबडडी मासटसय टनायमट जीता
15 269 DU_J19_BE
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15
Which of the following states launched the initiative I
am not afraid of English पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न ldquoम
अिगरजी का डर नही ि कर रहा हrdquo रसताव को रारमभ पकया
18 272 DU_J19_BE
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18
The highest civilian award in India bestowed in
recognition of exceptional serviceperformance of the
highest order in any field of human endeavour is भारत म
सवोच नागररक परसकार मानव रयास क पकसी भी ितर म उचतर
कोपटअसाधारण उपलककि क रदशयन की मानयता ह
17 271 DU_J19_BE
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17
Who is known as the lsquoFather of Green Revolutionrsquo in
India भारत म हररत करािपत क जनक क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह
1089Nirad C Chaudhuri नीरद सी चौधरी
1090Mulk Raj Anand मलक राज आनिद
1091Khushwant Singh खशवित पसिह
1092Harivansh Rai Bachchan हररविश राय
बचन 1093Bhagat Singh भगत पसिह
1094Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
1095Lala Lajpat Rai लाला लाजपत राय
1096Madan Mohan Malaviya मदन मोहन
मालवीय 1097Department of Higher Education
(MHRD) उच पशिा पवभाग (MHRD) दवारा 1098Department of Animal Husbandry
Dairying and Fisheries पश पालन डयरी और
मतसय पालन पवभाग दवारा 1099Department of Science and
Technology पवजञान और रौदयोपगकी पवभाग दवारा
1100Ministry of AYUSH आयष मितरालय दवारा
1101Dhaka (Bangladesh) ढाका (बगलादश)
1102New Delhi (India) नई पदलली (भारत)
1103Colombo (Sri Lanka) कोलमबो (शरीलिका)
1104Male (Maldives) माल (मालदीव)
1105SANKALP सिकलप (SANKALP)
1106STRIVE सटर ाईव (STRIVE)
1107MUSK मसक (MUSK)
1108GOBAR DHAN गोबरधन (GOBAR
DHAN)1109Karnataka कनायटक
20 274 DU_J19_BE
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20
Who amongst the following raised the slogan lsquoDilli
Chalorsquoपनमनपलककखत म स पकसन पदलली चलोrsquo का नारा बलिद पकया
19 273 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
19
Who amongst the following is the author of the book
lsquoWe Indiansrsquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन lsquoवी इिपडयिसrsquo पसतक क लखक ह
22 276 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
22
SAARC University has its head office in साकय पवशवपवदयालय का
रधान कायायलय ह
21 275 DU_J19_BE
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21
An online portal lsquoENSURErsquo has been launched by एक
ऑनलाइन पोटयल ENSURErsquo शर पकया गया ह
24 278 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
23 277 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
23
Which of the following schemes has been announced in
Budget 2018-19 पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी योजना बजट 2018-19
म घोपषत की गई ह
1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश
1111Haryana हररयाणा
1112Maharashtra महाराषटर
11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स
11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स
11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स
11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स
11175G technology equipment 5 जी
रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन
1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन
1120Data Cable डटा कबल
1121Sweden सवीडन
1122Germany जमयनी
1123Japan जापान
1124France फरािस
1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा
अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha
Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा
अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक
बोडय1129Kerala करल
1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश
1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई
राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर
24 278 DU_J19_BE
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24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
26 280 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
26
Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in
many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और
जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था
25 279 DU_J19_BE
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25
GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग
पकया गया ह
28 282 DU_J19_BE
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28
A holistic approach for the development of pre-school
education upto the senior secondary education is in the
core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक
समगर दपषटकोण ह -
27 281 DU_J19_BE
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27
With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize
Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न
पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया
30 284 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
29 283 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
29
As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which
of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever
category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट
इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश
लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह
1134Karnataka कनायटक
1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1136Kerala करल
1137131
1138135
1139137
1140139
1141UMIXOTT
1142TNDDHZK
1143TMIXDPR
1144UMJYNPR
1145WINTER WINTER स
1146FROG FROG स
1147DREAM DREAM स
1148SLEEP SLEEP स
114910
115064
1151129
1152356
11532
11543
11554
11565
1157North उततर
1158North-east उततर- पवय
1159South दपिण
1160South-east दपिण- पवय
116148
116252
30 284 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
32 286 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
32
In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you
write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को
JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस
पलखग
31 285 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
31
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया
जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264
34 288 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
34
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777
33 287 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
33
MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is
to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह
36 290 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
36
During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend
coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed
that the shadow of her friend to her right Which
direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा
पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी
सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था
35 289 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
35
A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5
each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many
pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक
रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय
उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी
37 291 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
116355
116458
116524
116628
116732
116836
1169Brother भाई
1170Father पपता
1171Uncle मामा
1172Grandfather दादा
11736 times 6 बार
11748 times 8 बार
117510 times 10 बार
117612 times 12 बार
11776
11789
117917
118027
118117th
118218th
118319th
118420th
38 292 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
38
If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value
of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो
4 X 8 = का मान कया ह
37 291 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
40 294 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
40
There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening
photography sports pottery and dramatics The
gardening club meets every second day the
photography club meets every third day the sports
club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets
every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every
sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet
on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म
पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर
नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर
तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर
पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय
(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह
39 293 DU_J19_BE
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39
If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of
my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल
कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस
सिबिपधत ह
42 296 DU_J19_BE
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42
In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is
25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the
two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position
does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता
सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय
दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन
स कया ह
41 295 DU_J19_BE
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41
23832
118530
118628
118726
118824
118941
119029
11919
119230
249017
2490215
2490326
2490416
119742
119847
119952
120057
1201141191022
1202131011921
1203141091021
1204131110922
1205AGITATED
1206RECKLESS
1207CORAGEOUS
1208TERRIFIED
12097
121028
44 298 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
44
If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +
then which of the following answers is the correct value
of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय
ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9
- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह
43 297 DU_J19_BE
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43
A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40
days but if there were 8 men more it would be
finished in 10 days earlier The number of men
were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती
हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो
जाता परषोि की सिखया थी
46 300 DU_J19_BE
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46
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को
जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123
45 13726 DU_J19_BE
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45
Which of the answers would occupy the missing
numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा
48 302 DU_J19_BE
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48
EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is
toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही
FRIGHTENED का ह
47 301 DU_J19_BE
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47
In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you
write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166
पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
1211124
1212215
121345
121460
121575
121690
1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना
1218Respiration शवसन
1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस
1220Decomposition of vegetable matter
into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन
24905Propane परोपन
24906Propanol परोपनोल
24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड
24908Propanal परोपनल
1225Na (11)
1226Ca (20)
1227C (6)
1228K (19)
1229Glucose शकय रा
1230Starch सटाचय
1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन
1232Fructose फरकटोज
50 304 DU_J19_BE
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50
A child saves money in his piggy bank The money
saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in
his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number
of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total
number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म
पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक
म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान
ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
52 13727 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
52
isformulaof कासतरह
51 305 DU_J19_BE
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51
Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic
reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया
नही ि ह
54 308 DU_J19_BE
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54
The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in
our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि
ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह
53 307 DU_J19_BE
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53
An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To
which of the following elements it would be chemically
similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म
स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
56 310 DU_J19_BE
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56
Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
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55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
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58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
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57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
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59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
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62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
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61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
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63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
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66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
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65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
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68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
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67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
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70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
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72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
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71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
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73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
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76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
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75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
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78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
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77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
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80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
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79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
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81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1028leverage higher education institutions
to bring transformational change in rural
development processes गरामीण पवकास
रपकरयाओि म पररवतयनकारी पररवतयन लान क पलए उच
पशिा सिथथानोि का लाभ उठाना
1029National Girl Child Day January 24
राषटर ीय बापलका पदवस 24 जनवरी को 1030World Cancer Day February 4 पवशव
क सर पदवस 4 फरवरी को 1031International Womenrsquos Day March 8
अितरायषटर ीय महिला पदवस 8 मारच को
1032International Literacy Day
September 8 अितरायषटर ीय सािरता पदवस 8 पसतिबर
को 1033Madhya Pradesh मधय रदश
1034Kerala करल
1035Andhra Pradesh आिधर रदश
1036Bihar पबहार
1037Mithali Raj पमथाली राज
1038Deepti Sharma दीककि शमाय
1039Harmanpreet Kaur हरमनरीत कौर
1040Smriti Mandhana समपत मिधाना
1041Dr Satish Dhawan डॉ सतीश धवन
1042Dr A P J Abdul Kalam डॉ ए पी ज
अबदल कलाम 1043Dr U R Rao डॉ य आर राव
1044Dr Vikram Sarabhai डॉ पवकरम साराभाई
1045Equality समानता
1046Religious freedom धापमयक सवतितरता
4 258 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
04
lsquoI am and I willrsquo campaign was launched on lsquoम हि और म
कर गाrsquo अपभयान शर पकया गया था
3 257 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
03
The mission of lsquoUnnat Bharat Abhiyanrsquo is tolsquoउननत भारत
अपभयानrsquo कापमशन ह
6 260 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
06
Who holds the record for the highest ODI innings score
by an Indian woman cricketer एक पदवसीय पकरकट रपतयोपगता
की एक पारी म सवायपधक वयकककतगत सकोर बनान वाली भारतीय मपहला
पकरकटर कौन ह
5 259 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
05
Which of the following states has launched an
employment scheme lsquoYuva Swamibhan Yojnarsquo for urban
youth पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न शहरी यवाओि क पलए एक रोजगार
योजना lsquoयवा सवापभमान योजनाrsquo शर की ह
8 262 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
08
Article 14 15 and 16 form part of a scheme of the
Constitutional Rights to अनचछद 14 15 और 16 सिवधापनक
अपधकारोि की पनमनपलककखत म स पकस एक योजना का पहससा ह
7 261 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
07
Who is known as the lsquothe first missile manrsquo of
India भारत क lsquoरथम पमसाइल मनrsquo क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह
1047Abolition of untouchability असपशयता
का उनमलन 1048Property सिपपतत
1049Aurobindo Ghosh अरपबनद घोष
1050Dr S Radhakrishnan डॉ एस
राधाकषणन1051Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad मौलाना
अबदल कलाम आजाद1052Mahatama Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1053R N Tagore आर एन टगोर
1054Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1055Muhammad Iqbal महममद इकबाल
1056Kavi Pardeep कपव रदीप
1057Ronojoy Dutta रोनोजॉय दतता
1058Pradeep Singh Kharola रदीप पसिह
खारोला 1059Ashwani Lohani अशवनी लोहानी
1060Sudhir Bharagav सधीर भागयव
1061Delhi to Varanasi पदलली को वाराणसी स
1062Prayagraj to Varanasi रयागराज को
वाराणसी स1063Delhi to Ahmedabad पदलली को
अहमदाबाद स1064Haridwar to Prayagraj हररदवार को
रयागराज स1065Class V किा V
1066Class VIII किा VIII
1067Class IX किा IX
1068Class X किा X
8 262 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
08
Article 14 15 and 16 form part of a scheme of the
Constitutional Rights to अनचछद 14 15 और 16 सिवधापनक
अपधकारोि की पनमनपलककखत म स पकस एक योजना का पहससा ह
10 264 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
10
Who is the writer of the famous song lsquoSare Jahan se
Accha Hindustan Hamara परहिदध गीत lsquoसार जहाि स अचछा
पहिदसतान हमाराrsquo क लखक कौन ह
9 263 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
09
Who amongst the following is the author of the book
lsquoHindu View of Liferdquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन पसतक पहिद वय ऑफ
लाइफ का लखक ह
12 266 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
12
Indian semi-high-speed train lsquoVande Bharat Expressrsquo
connectsभारतीय अधय-उच गपत वाली टर न lsquoविद भारत एकसरसrsquo जोड़ती ह
11 265 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
11
Who amongst the following has been appointed as the
Air India CMD for the second time पनमनपलककखत म स पकस
दसरी बार एयर इिपडया क सी एम डी क रप म पनयकत पकया गया ह
13 267 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
13
No child could be detained upto which Class under lsquoNo
Detention Policyrsquo of Right to Education (RTE) Act पशिा
का अपधकार (आर टी ई) अपधपनयम की नो पडटशन पॉपलसीrsquo क अनतगयत
पकसी भी बच को पकस किा तक अवरदध नही ि पकया जा सकता ह
1069transforming India into a digital
empowered society and a knowledge
economy भारत को पडपजटल सशकत समाज और जञान
अथयवयवथथा म बदलना ह1070providing laptops to all students in
higher education institutions उच पशिा
सिथथानोि म सभी छातरोि को लपटॉप रदान करना ह
1071creating a network of
telecommunication across all villages सभी
गािवो ि म दरसिचार का नटवकय थथापपत करना ह1072empowering village youth with
computer literacy and skills कि पयटर सािरता
और कौशलोि क साथ गािव क यवाओि को सशकत बनाना
1073Bihar पबहार
1074Punjab पिजाब
1075Uttar Pradesh उततर रदश
1076Haryana हररयाणा
1077Pakistan पापकसतान
1078Republic of Korea कोररया गणराजय
1079India इिपडया
1080Iran ईरान
1081Dr S K De Datta डॉ एस क द दतता
1082Prof P K Sen रोफसर पी क सन
1083Nel Jayaraman नल जयरामन
1084Dr M S Swaminathan डॉ एम एस
सवामीनाथन 1085Bharat Ratna भारत रतन
1086Padma Shri पदम शरी
1087Padma Bhushan पदम भषण
1088Padma Vibhushan पदम पवभषण
14 268 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
14
lsquoDigital Indiarsquo campaign launched by Government of
India aims at भारत सरकार दवारा शर पकया गया पडपजटल इिपडया
अपभयान का उददशय ह
16 270 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
16
Which of the following country won the 2018 Dubai
Kabbadi Masters Tournament पनमनपलककखत म स पकस दश न
2018 दबई कबडडी मासटसय टनायमट जीता
15 269 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
15
Which of the following states launched the initiative I
am not afraid of English पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न ldquoम
अिगरजी का डर नही ि कर रहा हrdquo रसताव को रारमभ पकया
18 272 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
18
The highest civilian award in India bestowed in
recognition of exceptional serviceperformance of the
highest order in any field of human endeavour is भारत म
सवोच नागररक परसकार मानव रयास क पकसी भी ितर म उचतर
कोपटअसाधारण उपलककि क रदशयन की मानयता ह
17 271 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
17
Who is known as the lsquoFather of Green Revolutionrsquo in
India भारत म हररत करािपत क जनक क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह
1089Nirad C Chaudhuri नीरद सी चौधरी
1090Mulk Raj Anand मलक राज आनिद
1091Khushwant Singh खशवित पसिह
1092Harivansh Rai Bachchan हररविश राय
बचन 1093Bhagat Singh भगत पसिह
1094Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
1095Lala Lajpat Rai लाला लाजपत राय
1096Madan Mohan Malaviya मदन मोहन
मालवीय 1097Department of Higher Education
(MHRD) उच पशिा पवभाग (MHRD) दवारा 1098Department of Animal Husbandry
Dairying and Fisheries पश पालन डयरी और
मतसय पालन पवभाग दवारा 1099Department of Science and
Technology पवजञान और रौदयोपगकी पवभाग दवारा
1100Ministry of AYUSH आयष मितरालय दवारा
1101Dhaka (Bangladesh) ढाका (बगलादश)
1102New Delhi (India) नई पदलली (भारत)
1103Colombo (Sri Lanka) कोलमबो (शरीलिका)
1104Male (Maldives) माल (मालदीव)
1105SANKALP सिकलप (SANKALP)
1106STRIVE सटर ाईव (STRIVE)
1107MUSK मसक (MUSK)
1108GOBAR DHAN गोबरधन (GOBAR
DHAN)1109Karnataka कनायटक
20 274 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
20
Who amongst the following raised the slogan lsquoDilli
Chalorsquoपनमनपलककखत म स पकसन पदलली चलोrsquo का नारा बलिद पकया
19 273 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
19
Who amongst the following is the author of the book
lsquoWe Indiansrsquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन lsquoवी इिपडयिसrsquo पसतक क लखक ह
22 276 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
22
SAARC University has its head office in साकय पवशवपवदयालय का
रधान कायायलय ह
21 275 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
21
An online portal lsquoENSURErsquo has been launched by एक
ऑनलाइन पोटयल ENSURErsquo शर पकया गया ह
24 278 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
23 277 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
23
Which of the following schemes has been announced in
Budget 2018-19 पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी योजना बजट 2018-19
म घोपषत की गई ह
1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश
1111Haryana हररयाणा
1112Maharashtra महाराषटर
11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स
11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स
11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स
11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स
11175G technology equipment 5 जी
रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन
1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन
1120Data Cable डटा कबल
1121Sweden सवीडन
1122Germany जमयनी
1123Japan जापान
1124France फरािस
1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा
अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha
Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा
अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक
बोडय1129Kerala करल
1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश
1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई
राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर
24 278 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
26 280 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
26
Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in
many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और
जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था
25 279 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
25
GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग
पकया गया ह
28 282 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
28
A holistic approach for the development of pre-school
education upto the senior secondary education is in the
core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक
समगर दपषटकोण ह -
27 281 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
27
With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize
Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न
पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया
30 284 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
29 283 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
29
As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which
of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever
category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट
इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश
लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह
1134Karnataka कनायटक
1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1136Kerala करल
1137131
1138135
1139137
1140139
1141UMIXOTT
1142TNDDHZK
1143TMIXDPR
1144UMJYNPR
1145WINTER WINTER स
1146FROG FROG स
1147DREAM DREAM स
1148SLEEP SLEEP स
114910
115064
1151129
1152356
11532
11543
11554
11565
1157North उततर
1158North-east उततर- पवय
1159South दपिण
1160South-east दपिण- पवय
116148
116252
30 284 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
32 286 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
32
In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you
write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को
JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस
पलखग
31 285 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
31
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया
जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264
34 288 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
34
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777
33 287 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
33
MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is
to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह
36 290 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
36
During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend
coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed
that the shadow of her friend to her right Which
direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा
पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी
सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था
35 289 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
35
A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5
each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many
pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक
रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय
उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी
37 291 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
116355
116458
116524
116628
116732
116836
1169Brother भाई
1170Father पपता
1171Uncle मामा
1172Grandfather दादा
11736 times 6 बार
11748 times 8 बार
117510 times 10 बार
117612 times 12 बार
11776
11789
117917
118027
118117th
118218th
118319th
118420th
38 292 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
38
If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value
of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो
4 X 8 = का मान कया ह
37 291 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
40 294 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
40
There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening
photography sports pottery and dramatics The
gardening club meets every second day the
photography club meets every third day the sports
club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets
every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every
sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet
on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म
पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर
नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर
तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर
पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय
(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह
39 293 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
39
If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of
my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल
कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस
सिबिपधत ह
42 296 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
42
In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is
25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the
two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position
does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता
सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय
दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन
स कया ह
41 295 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
41
23832
118530
118628
118726
118824
118941
119029
11919
119230
249017
2490215
2490326
2490416
119742
119847
119952
120057
1201141191022
1202131011921
1203141091021
1204131110922
1205AGITATED
1206RECKLESS
1207CORAGEOUS
1208TERRIFIED
12097
121028
44 298 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
44
If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +
then which of the following answers is the correct value
of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय
ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9
- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह
43 297 DU_J19_BE
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43
A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40
days but if there were 8 men more it would be
finished in 10 days earlier The number of men
were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती
हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो
जाता परषोि की सिखया थी
46 300 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
46
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को
जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123
45 13726 DU_J19_BE
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45
Which of the answers would occupy the missing
numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा
48 302 DU_J19_BE
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48
EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is
toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही
FRIGHTENED का ह
47 301 DU_J19_BE
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47
In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you
write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166
पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
1211124
1212215
121345
121460
121575
121690
1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना
1218Respiration शवसन
1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस
1220Decomposition of vegetable matter
into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन
24905Propane परोपन
24906Propanol परोपनोल
24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड
24908Propanal परोपनल
1225Na (11)
1226Ca (20)
1227C (6)
1228K (19)
1229Glucose शकय रा
1230Starch सटाचय
1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन
1232Fructose फरकटोज
50 304 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
50
A child saves money in his piggy bank The money
saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in
his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number
of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total
number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म
पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक
म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान
ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह
49 303 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
52 13727 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
52
isformulaof कासतरह
51 305 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
51
Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic
reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया
नही ि ह
54 308 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
54
The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in
our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि
ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह
53 307 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
53
An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To
which of the following elements it would be chemically
similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म
स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
56 310 DU_J19_BE
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56
Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
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58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
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66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
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70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
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79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1047Abolition of untouchability असपशयता
का उनमलन 1048Property सिपपतत
1049Aurobindo Ghosh अरपबनद घोष
1050Dr S Radhakrishnan डॉ एस
राधाकषणन1051Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad मौलाना
अबदल कलाम आजाद1052Mahatama Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1053R N Tagore आर एन टगोर
1054Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1055Muhammad Iqbal महममद इकबाल
1056Kavi Pardeep कपव रदीप
1057Ronojoy Dutta रोनोजॉय दतता
1058Pradeep Singh Kharola रदीप पसिह
खारोला 1059Ashwani Lohani अशवनी लोहानी
1060Sudhir Bharagav सधीर भागयव
1061Delhi to Varanasi पदलली को वाराणसी स
1062Prayagraj to Varanasi रयागराज को
वाराणसी स1063Delhi to Ahmedabad पदलली को
अहमदाबाद स1064Haridwar to Prayagraj हररदवार को
रयागराज स1065Class V किा V
1066Class VIII किा VIII
1067Class IX किा IX
1068Class X किा X
8 262 DU_J19_BE
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08
Article 14 15 and 16 form part of a scheme of the
Constitutional Rights to अनचछद 14 15 और 16 सिवधापनक
अपधकारोि की पनमनपलककखत म स पकस एक योजना का पहससा ह
10 264 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
10
Who is the writer of the famous song lsquoSare Jahan se
Accha Hindustan Hamara परहिदध गीत lsquoसार जहाि स अचछा
पहिदसतान हमाराrsquo क लखक कौन ह
9 263 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
09
Who amongst the following is the author of the book
lsquoHindu View of Liferdquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन पसतक पहिद वय ऑफ
लाइफ का लखक ह
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12
Indian semi-high-speed train lsquoVande Bharat Expressrsquo
connectsभारतीय अधय-उच गपत वाली टर न lsquoविद भारत एकसरसrsquo जोड़ती ह
11 265 DU_J19_BE
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11
Who amongst the following has been appointed as the
Air India CMD for the second time पनमनपलककखत म स पकस
दसरी बार एयर इिपडया क सी एम डी क रप म पनयकत पकया गया ह
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13
No child could be detained upto which Class under lsquoNo
Detention Policyrsquo of Right to Education (RTE) Act पशिा
का अपधकार (आर टी ई) अपधपनयम की नो पडटशन पॉपलसीrsquo क अनतगयत
पकसी भी बच को पकस किा तक अवरदध नही ि पकया जा सकता ह
1069transforming India into a digital
empowered society and a knowledge
economy भारत को पडपजटल सशकत समाज और जञान
अथयवयवथथा म बदलना ह1070providing laptops to all students in
higher education institutions उच पशिा
सिथथानोि म सभी छातरोि को लपटॉप रदान करना ह
1071creating a network of
telecommunication across all villages सभी
गािवो ि म दरसिचार का नटवकय थथापपत करना ह1072empowering village youth with
computer literacy and skills कि पयटर सािरता
और कौशलोि क साथ गािव क यवाओि को सशकत बनाना
1073Bihar पबहार
1074Punjab पिजाब
1075Uttar Pradesh उततर रदश
1076Haryana हररयाणा
1077Pakistan पापकसतान
1078Republic of Korea कोररया गणराजय
1079India इिपडया
1080Iran ईरान
1081Dr S K De Datta डॉ एस क द दतता
1082Prof P K Sen रोफसर पी क सन
1083Nel Jayaraman नल जयरामन
1084Dr M S Swaminathan डॉ एम एस
सवामीनाथन 1085Bharat Ratna भारत रतन
1086Padma Shri पदम शरी
1087Padma Bhushan पदम भषण
1088Padma Vibhushan पदम पवभषण
14 268 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
14
lsquoDigital Indiarsquo campaign launched by Government of
India aims at भारत सरकार दवारा शर पकया गया पडपजटल इिपडया
अपभयान का उददशय ह
16 270 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
16
Which of the following country won the 2018 Dubai
Kabbadi Masters Tournament पनमनपलककखत म स पकस दश न
2018 दबई कबडडी मासटसय टनायमट जीता
15 269 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
15
Which of the following states launched the initiative I
am not afraid of English पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न ldquoम
अिगरजी का डर नही ि कर रहा हrdquo रसताव को रारमभ पकया
18 272 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
18
The highest civilian award in India bestowed in
recognition of exceptional serviceperformance of the
highest order in any field of human endeavour is भारत म
सवोच नागररक परसकार मानव रयास क पकसी भी ितर म उचतर
कोपटअसाधारण उपलककि क रदशयन की मानयता ह
17 271 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
17
Who is known as the lsquoFather of Green Revolutionrsquo in
India भारत म हररत करािपत क जनक क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह
1089Nirad C Chaudhuri नीरद सी चौधरी
1090Mulk Raj Anand मलक राज आनिद
1091Khushwant Singh खशवित पसिह
1092Harivansh Rai Bachchan हररविश राय
बचन 1093Bhagat Singh भगत पसिह
1094Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
1095Lala Lajpat Rai लाला लाजपत राय
1096Madan Mohan Malaviya मदन मोहन
मालवीय 1097Department of Higher Education
(MHRD) उच पशिा पवभाग (MHRD) दवारा 1098Department of Animal Husbandry
Dairying and Fisheries पश पालन डयरी और
मतसय पालन पवभाग दवारा 1099Department of Science and
Technology पवजञान और रौदयोपगकी पवभाग दवारा
1100Ministry of AYUSH आयष मितरालय दवारा
1101Dhaka (Bangladesh) ढाका (बगलादश)
1102New Delhi (India) नई पदलली (भारत)
1103Colombo (Sri Lanka) कोलमबो (शरीलिका)
1104Male (Maldives) माल (मालदीव)
1105SANKALP सिकलप (SANKALP)
1106STRIVE सटर ाईव (STRIVE)
1107MUSK मसक (MUSK)
1108GOBAR DHAN गोबरधन (GOBAR
DHAN)1109Karnataka कनायटक
20 274 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
20
Who amongst the following raised the slogan lsquoDilli
Chalorsquoपनमनपलककखत म स पकसन पदलली चलोrsquo का नारा बलिद पकया
19 273 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
19
Who amongst the following is the author of the book
lsquoWe Indiansrsquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन lsquoवी इिपडयिसrsquo पसतक क लखक ह
22 276 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
22
SAARC University has its head office in साकय पवशवपवदयालय का
रधान कायायलय ह
21 275 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
21
An online portal lsquoENSURErsquo has been launched by एक
ऑनलाइन पोटयल ENSURErsquo शर पकया गया ह
24 278 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
23 277 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
23
Which of the following schemes has been announced in
Budget 2018-19 पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी योजना बजट 2018-19
म घोपषत की गई ह
1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश
1111Haryana हररयाणा
1112Maharashtra महाराषटर
11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स
11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स
11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स
11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स
11175G technology equipment 5 जी
रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन
1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन
1120Data Cable डटा कबल
1121Sweden सवीडन
1122Germany जमयनी
1123Japan जापान
1124France फरािस
1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा
अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha
Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा
अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक
बोडय1129Kerala करल
1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश
1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई
राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर
24 278 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
26 280 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
26
Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in
many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और
जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था
25 279 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
25
GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग
पकया गया ह
28 282 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
28
A holistic approach for the development of pre-school
education upto the senior secondary education is in the
core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक
समगर दपषटकोण ह -
27 281 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
27
With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize
Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न
पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया
30 284 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
29 283 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
29
As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which
of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever
category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट
इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश
लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह
1134Karnataka कनायटक
1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1136Kerala करल
1137131
1138135
1139137
1140139
1141UMIXOTT
1142TNDDHZK
1143TMIXDPR
1144UMJYNPR
1145WINTER WINTER स
1146FROG FROG स
1147DREAM DREAM स
1148SLEEP SLEEP स
114910
115064
1151129
1152356
11532
11543
11554
11565
1157North उततर
1158North-east उततर- पवय
1159South दपिण
1160South-east दपिण- पवय
116148
116252
30 284 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
32 286 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
32
In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you
write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को
JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस
पलखग
31 285 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
31
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया
जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264
34 288 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
34
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777
33 287 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
33
MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is
to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह
36 290 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
36
During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend
coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed
that the shadow of her friend to her right Which
direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा
पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी
सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था
35 289 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
35
A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5
each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many
pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक
रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय
उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी
37 291 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
116355
116458
116524
116628
116732
116836
1169Brother भाई
1170Father पपता
1171Uncle मामा
1172Grandfather दादा
11736 times 6 बार
11748 times 8 बार
117510 times 10 बार
117612 times 12 बार
11776
11789
117917
118027
118117th
118218th
118319th
118420th
38 292 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
38
If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value
of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो
4 X 8 = का मान कया ह
37 291 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
40 294 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
40
There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening
photography sports pottery and dramatics The
gardening club meets every second day the
photography club meets every third day the sports
club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets
every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every
sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet
on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म
पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर
नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर
तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर
पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय
(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह
39 293 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
39
If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of
my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल
कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस
सिबिपधत ह
42 296 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
42
In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is
25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the
two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position
does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता
सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय
दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन
स कया ह
41 295 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
41
23832
118530
118628
118726
118824
118941
119029
11919
119230
249017
2490215
2490326
2490416
119742
119847
119952
120057
1201141191022
1202131011921
1203141091021
1204131110922
1205AGITATED
1206RECKLESS
1207CORAGEOUS
1208TERRIFIED
12097
121028
44 298 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
44
If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +
then which of the following answers is the correct value
of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय
ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9
- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह
43 297 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
43
A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40
days but if there were 8 men more it would be
finished in 10 days earlier The number of men
were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती
हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो
जाता परषोि की सिखया थी
46 300 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
46
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को
जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123
45 13726 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
45
Which of the answers would occupy the missing
numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा
48 302 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
48
EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is
toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही
FRIGHTENED का ह
47 301 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
47
In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you
write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166
पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग
49 303 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
1211124
1212215
121345
121460
121575
121690
1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना
1218Respiration शवसन
1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस
1220Decomposition of vegetable matter
into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन
24905Propane परोपन
24906Propanol परोपनोल
24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड
24908Propanal परोपनल
1225Na (11)
1226Ca (20)
1227C (6)
1228K (19)
1229Glucose शकय रा
1230Starch सटाचय
1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन
1232Fructose फरकटोज
50 304 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
50
A child saves money in his piggy bank The money
saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in
his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number
of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total
number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म
पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक
म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान
ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह
49 303 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
52 13727 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
52
isformulaof कासतरह
51 305 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
51
Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic
reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया
नही ि ह
54 308 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
54
The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in
our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि
ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह
53 307 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
53
An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To
which of the following elements it would be chemically
similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म
स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
56 310 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
56
Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1069transforming India into a digital
empowered society and a knowledge
economy भारत को पडपजटल सशकत समाज और जञान
अथयवयवथथा म बदलना ह1070providing laptops to all students in
higher education institutions उच पशिा
सिथथानोि म सभी छातरोि को लपटॉप रदान करना ह
1071creating a network of
telecommunication across all villages सभी
गािवो ि म दरसिचार का नटवकय थथापपत करना ह1072empowering village youth with
computer literacy and skills कि पयटर सािरता
और कौशलोि क साथ गािव क यवाओि को सशकत बनाना
1073Bihar पबहार
1074Punjab पिजाब
1075Uttar Pradesh उततर रदश
1076Haryana हररयाणा
1077Pakistan पापकसतान
1078Republic of Korea कोररया गणराजय
1079India इिपडया
1080Iran ईरान
1081Dr S K De Datta डॉ एस क द दतता
1082Prof P K Sen रोफसर पी क सन
1083Nel Jayaraman नल जयरामन
1084Dr M S Swaminathan डॉ एम एस
सवामीनाथन 1085Bharat Ratna भारत रतन
1086Padma Shri पदम शरी
1087Padma Bhushan पदम भषण
1088Padma Vibhushan पदम पवभषण
14 268 DU_J19_BE
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14
lsquoDigital Indiarsquo campaign launched by Government of
India aims at भारत सरकार दवारा शर पकया गया पडपजटल इिपडया
अपभयान का उददशय ह
16 270 DU_J19_BE
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16
Which of the following country won the 2018 Dubai
Kabbadi Masters Tournament पनमनपलककखत म स पकस दश न
2018 दबई कबडडी मासटसय टनायमट जीता
15 269 DU_J19_BE
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15
Which of the following states launched the initiative I
am not afraid of English पनमनपलककखत म स पकस राजय न ldquoम
अिगरजी का डर नही ि कर रहा हrdquo रसताव को रारमभ पकया
18 272 DU_J19_BE
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18
The highest civilian award in India bestowed in
recognition of exceptional serviceperformance of the
highest order in any field of human endeavour is भारत म
सवोच नागररक परसकार मानव रयास क पकसी भी ितर म उचतर
कोपटअसाधारण उपलककि क रदशयन की मानयता ह
17 271 DU_J19_BE
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17
Who is known as the lsquoFather of Green Revolutionrsquo in
India भारत म हररत करािपत क जनक क रप म पकस जाना जाता ह
1089Nirad C Chaudhuri नीरद सी चौधरी
1090Mulk Raj Anand मलक राज आनिद
1091Khushwant Singh खशवित पसिह
1092Harivansh Rai Bachchan हररविश राय
बचन 1093Bhagat Singh भगत पसिह
1094Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
1095Lala Lajpat Rai लाला लाजपत राय
1096Madan Mohan Malaviya मदन मोहन
मालवीय 1097Department of Higher Education
(MHRD) उच पशिा पवभाग (MHRD) दवारा 1098Department of Animal Husbandry
Dairying and Fisheries पश पालन डयरी और
मतसय पालन पवभाग दवारा 1099Department of Science and
Technology पवजञान और रौदयोपगकी पवभाग दवारा
1100Ministry of AYUSH आयष मितरालय दवारा
1101Dhaka (Bangladesh) ढाका (बगलादश)
1102New Delhi (India) नई पदलली (भारत)
1103Colombo (Sri Lanka) कोलमबो (शरीलिका)
1104Male (Maldives) माल (मालदीव)
1105SANKALP सिकलप (SANKALP)
1106STRIVE सटर ाईव (STRIVE)
1107MUSK मसक (MUSK)
1108GOBAR DHAN गोबरधन (GOBAR
DHAN)1109Karnataka कनायटक
20 274 DU_J19_BE
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20
Who amongst the following raised the slogan lsquoDilli
Chalorsquoपनमनपलककखत म स पकसन पदलली चलोrsquo का नारा बलिद पकया
19 273 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
19
Who amongst the following is the author of the book
lsquoWe Indiansrsquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन lsquoवी इिपडयिसrsquo पसतक क लखक ह
22 276 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
22
SAARC University has its head office in साकय पवशवपवदयालय का
रधान कायायलय ह
21 275 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
21
An online portal lsquoENSURErsquo has been launched by एक
ऑनलाइन पोटयल ENSURErsquo शर पकया गया ह
24 278 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
23 277 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
23
Which of the following schemes has been announced in
Budget 2018-19 पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी योजना बजट 2018-19
म घोपषत की गई ह
1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश
1111Haryana हररयाणा
1112Maharashtra महाराषटर
11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स
11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स
11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स
11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स
11175G technology equipment 5 जी
रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन
1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन
1120Data Cable डटा कबल
1121Sweden सवीडन
1122Germany जमयनी
1123Japan जापान
1124France फरािस
1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा
अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha
Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा
अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक
बोडय1129Kerala करल
1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश
1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई
राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर
24 278 DU_J19_BE
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24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
26 280 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
26
Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in
many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और
जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था
25 279 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
25
GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग
पकया गया ह
28 282 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
28
A holistic approach for the development of pre-school
education upto the senior secondary education is in the
core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक
समगर दपषटकोण ह -
27 281 DU_J19_BE
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27
With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize
Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न
पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया
30 284 DU_J19_BE
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30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
29 283 DU_J19_BE
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29
As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which
of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever
category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट
इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश
लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह
1134Karnataka कनायटक
1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1136Kerala करल
1137131
1138135
1139137
1140139
1141UMIXOTT
1142TNDDHZK
1143TMIXDPR
1144UMJYNPR
1145WINTER WINTER स
1146FROG FROG स
1147DREAM DREAM स
1148SLEEP SLEEP स
114910
115064
1151129
1152356
11532
11543
11554
11565
1157North उततर
1158North-east उततर- पवय
1159South दपिण
1160South-east दपिण- पवय
116148
116252
30 284 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
32 286 DU_J19_BE
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32
In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you
write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को
JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस
पलखग
31 285 DU_J19_BE
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31
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया
जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264
34 288 DU_J19_BE
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34
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777
33 287 DU_J19_BE
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33
MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is
to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह
36 290 DU_J19_BE
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36
During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend
coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed
that the shadow of her friend to her right Which
direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा
पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी
सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था
35 289 DU_J19_BE
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35
A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5
each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many
pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक
रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय
उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी
37 291 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
116355
116458
116524
116628
116732
116836
1169Brother भाई
1170Father पपता
1171Uncle मामा
1172Grandfather दादा
11736 times 6 बार
11748 times 8 बार
117510 times 10 बार
117612 times 12 बार
11776
11789
117917
118027
118117th
118218th
118319th
118420th
38 292 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
38
If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value
of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो
4 X 8 = का मान कया ह
37 291 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
40 294 DU_J19_BE
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40
There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening
photography sports pottery and dramatics The
gardening club meets every second day the
photography club meets every third day the sports
club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets
every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every
sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet
on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म
पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर
नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर
तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर
पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय
(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह
39 293 DU_J19_BE
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39
If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of
my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल
कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस
सिबिपधत ह
42 296 DU_J19_BE
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42
In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is
25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the
two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position
does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता
सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय
दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन
स कया ह
41 295 DU_J19_BE
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41
23832
118530
118628
118726
118824
118941
119029
11919
119230
249017
2490215
2490326
2490416
119742
119847
119952
120057
1201141191022
1202131011921
1203141091021
1204131110922
1205AGITATED
1206RECKLESS
1207CORAGEOUS
1208TERRIFIED
12097
121028
44 298 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
44
If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +
then which of the following answers is the correct value
of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय
ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9
- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह
43 297 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
43
A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40
days but if there were 8 men more it would be
finished in 10 days earlier The number of men
were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती
हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो
जाता परषोि की सिखया थी
46 300 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
46
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को
जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123
45 13726 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
45
Which of the answers would occupy the missing
numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा
48 302 DU_J19_BE
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48
EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is
toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही
FRIGHTENED का ह
47 301 DU_J19_BE
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47
In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you
write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166
पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
1211124
1212215
121345
121460
121575
121690
1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना
1218Respiration शवसन
1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस
1220Decomposition of vegetable matter
into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन
24905Propane परोपन
24906Propanol परोपनोल
24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड
24908Propanal परोपनल
1225Na (11)
1226Ca (20)
1227C (6)
1228K (19)
1229Glucose शकय रा
1230Starch सटाचय
1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन
1232Fructose फरकटोज
50 304 DU_J19_BE
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50
A child saves money in his piggy bank The money
saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in
his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number
of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total
number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म
पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक
म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान
ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
52 13727 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
52
isformulaof कासतरह
51 305 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
51
Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic
reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया
नही ि ह
54 308 DU_J19_BE
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54
The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in
our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि
ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह
53 307 DU_J19_BE
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53
An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To
which of the following elements it would be chemically
similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म
स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
56 310 DU_J19_BE
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56
Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
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55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
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58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
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57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
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59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
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62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
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61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
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63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
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66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
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65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
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68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
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70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
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72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1089Nirad C Chaudhuri नीरद सी चौधरी
1090Mulk Raj Anand मलक राज आनिद
1091Khushwant Singh खशवित पसिह
1092Harivansh Rai Bachchan हररविश राय
बचन 1093Bhagat Singh भगत पसिह
1094Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
1095Lala Lajpat Rai लाला लाजपत राय
1096Madan Mohan Malaviya मदन मोहन
मालवीय 1097Department of Higher Education
(MHRD) उच पशिा पवभाग (MHRD) दवारा 1098Department of Animal Husbandry
Dairying and Fisheries पश पालन डयरी और
मतसय पालन पवभाग दवारा 1099Department of Science and
Technology पवजञान और रौदयोपगकी पवभाग दवारा
1100Ministry of AYUSH आयष मितरालय दवारा
1101Dhaka (Bangladesh) ढाका (बगलादश)
1102New Delhi (India) नई पदलली (भारत)
1103Colombo (Sri Lanka) कोलमबो (शरीलिका)
1104Male (Maldives) माल (मालदीव)
1105SANKALP सिकलप (SANKALP)
1106STRIVE सटर ाईव (STRIVE)
1107MUSK मसक (MUSK)
1108GOBAR DHAN गोबरधन (GOBAR
DHAN)1109Karnataka कनायटक
20 274 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
20
Who amongst the following raised the slogan lsquoDilli
Chalorsquoपनमनपलककखत म स पकसन पदलली चलोrsquo का नारा बलिद पकया
19 273 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
19
Who amongst the following is the author of the book
lsquoWe Indiansrsquo पनमनपलककखत म स कौन lsquoवी इिपडयिसrsquo पसतक क लखक ह
22 276 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
22
SAARC University has its head office in साकय पवशवपवदयालय का
रधान कायायलय ह
21 275 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
21
An online portal lsquoENSURErsquo has been launched by एक
ऑनलाइन पोटयल ENSURErsquo शर पकया गया ह
24 278 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
23 277 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
23
Which of the following schemes has been announced in
Budget 2018-19 पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी योजना बजट 2018-19
म घोपषत की गई ह
1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश
1111Haryana हररयाणा
1112Maharashtra महाराषटर
11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स
11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स
11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स
11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स
11175G technology equipment 5 जी
रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन
1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन
1120Data Cable डटा कबल
1121Sweden सवीडन
1122Germany जमयनी
1123Japan जापान
1124France फरािस
1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा
अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha
Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा
अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक
बोडय1129Kerala करल
1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश
1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई
राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर
24 278 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
26 280 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
26
Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in
many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और
जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था
25 279 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
25
GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग
पकया गया ह
28 282 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
28
A holistic approach for the development of pre-school
education upto the senior secondary education is in the
core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक
समगर दपषटकोण ह -
27 281 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
27
With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize
Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न
पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया
30 284 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
29 283 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
29
As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which
of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever
category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट
इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश
लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह
1134Karnataka कनायटक
1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1136Kerala करल
1137131
1138135
1139137
1140139
1141UMIXOTT
1142TNDDHZK
1143TMIXDPR
1144UMJYNPR
1145WINTER WINTER स
1146FROG FROG स
1147DREAM DREAM स
1148SLEEP SLEEP स
114910
115064
1151129
1152356
11532
11543
11554
11565
1157North उततर
1158North-east उततर- पवय
1159South दपिण
1160South-east दपिण- पवय
116148
116252
30 284 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
32 286 DU_J19_BE
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32
In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you
write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को
JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस
पलखग
31 285 DU_J19_BE
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31
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया
जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264
34 288 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
34
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777
33 287 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
33
MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is
to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह
36 290 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
36
During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend
coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed
that the shadow of her friend to her right Which
direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा
पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी
सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था
35 289 DU_J19_BE
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35
A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5
each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many
pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक
रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय
उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी
37 291 DU_J19_BE
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37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
116355
116458
116524
116628
116732
116836
1169Brother भाई
1170Father पपता
1171Uncle मामा
1172Grandfather दादा
11736 times 6 बार
11748 times 8 बार
117510 times 10 बार
117612 times 12 बार
11776
11789
117917
118027
118117th
118218th
118319th
118420th
38 292 DU_J19_BE
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38
If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value
of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो
4 X 8 = का मान कया ह
37 291 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
40 294 DU_J19_BE
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40
There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening
photography sports pottery and dramatics The
gardening club meets every second day the
photography club meets every third day the sports
club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets
every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every
sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet
on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म
पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर
नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर
तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर
पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय
(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह
39 293 DU_J19_BE
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39
If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of
my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल
कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस
सिबिपधत ह
42 296 DU_J19_BE
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42
In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is
25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the
two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position
does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता
सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय
दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन
स कया ह
41 295 DU_J19_BE
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41
23832
118530
118628
118726
118824
118941
119029
11919
119230
249017
2490215
2490326
2490416
119742
119847
119952
120057
1201141191022
1202131011921
1203141091021
1204131110922
1205AGITATED
1206RECKLESS
1207CORAGEOUS
1208TERRIFIED
12097
121028
44 298 DU_J19_BE
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44
If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +
then which of the following answers is the correct value
of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय
ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9
- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह
43 297 DU_J19_BE
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43
A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40
days but if there were 8 men more it would be
finished in 10 days earlier The number of men
were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती
हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो
जाता परषोि की सिखया थी
46 300 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
46
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को
जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123
45 13726 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
45
Which of the answers would occupy the missing
numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा
48 302 DU_J19_BE
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48
EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is
toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही
FRIGHTENED का ह
47 301 DU_J19_BE
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47
In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you
write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166
पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
1211124
1212215
121345
121460
121575
121690
1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना
1218Respiration शवसन
1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस
1220Decomposition of vegetable matter
into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन
24905Propane परोपन
24906Propanol परोपनोल
24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड
24908Propanal परोपनल
1225Na (11)
1226Ca (20)
1227C (6)
1228K (19)
1229Glucose शकय रा
1230Starch सटाचय
1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन
1232Fructose फरकटोज
50 304 DU_J19_BE
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50
A child saves money in his piggy bank The money
saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in
his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number
of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total
number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म
पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक
म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान
ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह
49 303 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
52 13727 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
52
isformulaof कासतरह
51 305 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
51
Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic
reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया
नही ि ह
54 308 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
54
The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in
our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि
ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह
53 307 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
53
An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To
which of the following elements it would be chemically
similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म
स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
56 310 DU_J19_BE
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56
Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
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58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1110Andhra Pradesh आिधररदश
1111Haryana हररयाणा
1112Maharashtra महाराषटर
11131st January 2017 1 जनवरी 2017 स
11141st July 2017 1 जलाई 2017 स
11151st January 2018 1 जनवरी 2018 स
11161st April 2018 1 अरल 2018 स
11175G technology equipment 5 जी
रौदयोपगकी उपकरण 1118Mobile phones मोबाइल फोन
1119High tech toys उच तकनीक क ककखलौन
1120Data Cable डटा कबल
1121Sweden सवीडन
1122Germany जमयनी
1123Japan जापान
1124France फरािस
1125Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan सवय पशिा
अपभयान1126Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha
Abhiyan राषटर ीय माधयपमक पशिा अपभयान1127Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan समगर पशिा
अपभयान1128Operation Black Board ऑपरशन बलक
बोडय1129Kerala करल
1130Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1131Himachal Pradesh पहमाचल रदश
1132No stateUT of India भारत का कोई
राजयक दर शापसत रदश नही ि 1133Maharashtra महाराषटर
24 278 DU_J19_BE
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24
Which of the following state of India tops of the list of
lsquoEase of Doing Businessrsquo for the year 2018 वषय 2018 क
पलए भारत का कौन सा राजय lsquoईज ऑफ डइिग पबजनसrsquo की सची म सबस
ऊपर ह
26 280 DU_J19_BE
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26
Chinese tech company Huawei and ZTE were banned in
many countries from providing चीनी टक कि पनी हआवई और
जड टी ई को कई दशोि म रदान करन पर रपतबिध लगा पदया गया था
25 279 DU_J19_BE
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25
GST in India has been implemented from भारत म GST लाग
पकया गया ह
28 282 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
28
A holistic approach for the development of pre-school
education upto the senior secondary education is in the
core of- सकल पवय पशिा स वररषठ माधयपमक पशिा क पवकास क पलए एक
समगर दपषटकोण ह -
27 281 DU_J19_BE
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27
With which nation India signed an agreement lsquoMobilize
Your Cityrsquo in September 2018 पकस दश क साथ भारत न
पसतिबर 2018 मlsquoमोपबलाइज योर पसटीrsquo समझौता पकया
30 284 DU_J19_BE
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30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
29 283 DU_J19_BE
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29
As per NITI Aayogrsquos SDG India State Index 2018 which
of the following stateunion territory is in the achiever
category पनपत आयोग क सतत पवकास लकषय (एस डी जी इिपडया सटट
इिडकस 2018) की रगपत क अनसार कौन सा राजय कनदर शापसत रदश
लकषय राि कताय की शरणी म ह
1134Karnataka कनायटक
1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1136Kerala करल
1137131
1138135
1139137
1140139
1141UMIXOTT
1142TNDDHZK
1143TMIXDPR
1144UMJYNPR
1145WINTER WINTER स
1146FROG FROG स
1147DREAM DREAM स
1148SLEEP SLEEP स
114910
115064
1151129
1152356
11532
11543
11554
11565
1157North उततर
1158North-east उततर- पवय
1159South दपिण
1160South-east दपिण- पवय
116148
116252
30 284 DU_J19_BE
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30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
32 286 DU_J19_BE
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32
In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you
write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को
JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस
पलखग
31 285 DU_J19_BE
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31
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया
जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264
34 288 DU_J19_BE
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34
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777
33 287 DU_J19_BE
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33
MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is
to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह
36 290 DU_J19_BE
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36
During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend
coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed
that the shadow of her friend to her right Which
direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा
पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी
सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था
35 289 DU_J19_BE
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35
A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5
each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many
pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक
रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय
उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी
37 291 DU_J19_BE
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37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
116355
116458
116524
116628
116732
116836
1169Brother भाई
1170Father पपता
1171Uncle मामा
1172Grandfather दादा
11736 times 6 बार
11748 times 8 बार
117510 times 10 बार
117612 times 12 बार
11776
11789
117917
118027
118117th
118218th
118319th
118420th
38 292 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
38
If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value
of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो
4 X 8 = का मान कया ह
37 291 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
40 294 DU_J19_BE
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40
There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening
photography sports pottery and dramatics The
gardening club meets every second day the
photography club meets every third day the sports
club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets
every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every
sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet
on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म
पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर
नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर
तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर
पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय
(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह
39 293 DU_J19_BE
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39
If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of
my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल
कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस
सिबिपधत ह
42 296 DU_J19_BE
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42
In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is
25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the
two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position
does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता
सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय
दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन
स कया ह
41 295 DU_J19_BE
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41
23832
118530
118628
118726
118824
118941
119029
11919
119230
249017
2490215
2490326
2490416
119742
119847
119952
120057
1201141191022
1202131011921
1203141091021
1204131110922
1205AGITATED
1206RECKLESS
1207CORAGEOUS
1208TERRIFIED
12097
121028
44 298 DU_J19_BE
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44
If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +
then which of the following answers is the correct value
of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय
ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9
- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह
43 297 DU_J19_BE
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43
A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40
days but if there were 8 men more it would be
finished in 10 days earlier The number of men
were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती
हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो
जाता परषोि की सिखया थी
46 300 DU_J19_BE
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46
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को
जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123
45 13726 DU_J19_BE
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45
Which of the answers would occupy the missing
numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा
48 302 DU_J19_BE
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48
EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is
toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही
FRIGHTENED का ह
47 301 DU_J19_BE
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47
In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you
write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166
पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
1211124
1212215
121345
121460
121575
121690
1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना
1218Respiration शवसन
1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस
1220Decomposition of vegetable matter
into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन
24905Propane परोपन
24906Propanol परोपनोल
24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड
24908Propanal परोपनल
1225Na (11)
1226Ca (20)
1227C (6)
1228K (19)
1229Glucose शकय रा
1230Starch सटाचय
1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन
1232Fructose फरकटोज
50 304 DU_J19_BE
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50
A child saves money in his piggy bank The money
saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in
his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number
of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total
number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म
पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक
म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान
ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
52 13727 DU_J19_BE
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52
isformulaof कासतरह
51 305 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
51
Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic
reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया
नही ि ह
54 308 DU_J19_BE
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54
The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in
our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि
ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह
53 307 DU_J19_BE
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53
An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To
which of the following elements it would be chemically
similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म
स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
56 310 DU_J19_BE
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56
Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
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55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
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58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
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57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
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63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
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66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
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65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
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68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
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70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
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72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
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71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
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73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
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76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
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75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
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78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
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80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
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79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
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81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1134Karnataka कनायटक
1135Tamil Nadu तपमलनाड
1136Kerala करल
1137131
1138135
1139137
1140139
1141UMIXOTT
1142TNDDHZK
1143TMIXDPR
1144UMJYNPR
1145WINTER WINTER स
1146FROG FROG स
1147DREAM DREAM स
1148SLEEP SLEEP स
114910
115064
1151129
1152356
11532
11543
11554
11565
1157North उततर
1158North-east उततर- पवय
1159South दपिण
1160South-east दपिण- पवय
116148
116252
30 284 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
30
Which state ensures the maximum production of coffee
in India कौन सा राजय भारत म कॉफी का अपधकतम उतपादन सपनपित
करता ह
32 286 DU_J19_BE
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32
In a code HINDON is written as JFRZYG how would you
write SPECIAL in that Code एक कोड म HINDON को
JFRZYG क रप म पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म SPECIAL कस
पलखग
31 285 DU_J19_BE
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31
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला का लि सिखया
जञात कीपजए6 11 20 37 70 264
34 288 DU_J19_BE
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34
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए1 3 10 21 64 129 356 777
33 287 DU_J19_BE
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33
MARATHON is to RACE as HIBERNATION is
to MARATHON का RACE स जो सिबिध ह वही ि HIBERNATION का ह
36 290 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
36
During the early morning walk Shubhra met her friend
coming from the opposite direction Shubhra noticed
that the shadow of her friend to her right Which
direction was Shubhra facing सबह की सर क दौरान शभरा
पवपरीत पदशा स आ रही अपनी सहली स पमली शभरा न दखा पक उसकी
सहली की छाया उसकी दाईि ओर ह शभरा का मह पकस पदशा की ओर था
35 289 DU_J19_BE
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35
A pencil costs Rs 7 each while an eraser costs Rs 5
each Raghu spent Rs 38 to purchase them How many
pencils did he purchase एक पपसल की कीमत र 7 ह जबपक एक
रबड़ की कीमत र 5 ह रघ न उनह खरीदन क पलए र 38 खचय पकय
उसन पकतनी पपसल खरीदी
37 291 DU_J19_BE
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37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
116355
116458
116524
116628
116732
116836
1169Brother भाई
1170Father पपता
1171Uncle मामा
1172Grandfather दादा
11736 times 6 बार
11748 times 8 बार
117510 times 10 बार
117612 times 12 बार
11776
11789
117917
118027
118117th
118218th
118319th
118420th
38 292 DU_J19_BE
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38
If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value
of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो
4 X 8 = का मान कया ह
37 291 DU_J19_BE
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37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
40 294 DU_J19_BE
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40
There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening
photography sports pottery and dramatics The
gardening club meets every second day the
photography club meets every third day the sports
club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets
every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every
sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet
on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म
पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर
नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर
तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर
पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय
(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह
39 293 DU_J19_BE
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39
If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of
my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल
कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस
सिबिपधत ह
42 296 DU_J19_BE
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42
In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is
25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the
two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position
does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता
सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय
दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन
स कया ह
41 295 DU_J19_BE
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41
23832
118530
118628
118726
118824
118941
119029
11919
119230
249017
2490215
2490326
2490416
119742
119847
119952
120057
1201141191022
1202131011921
1203141091021
1204131110922
1205AGITATED
1206RECKLESS
1207CORAGEOUS
1208TERRIFIED
12097
121028
44 298 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
44
If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +
then which of the following answers is the correct value
of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय
ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9
- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह
43 297 DU_J19_BE
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43
A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40
days but if there were 8 men more it would be
finished in 10 days earlier The number of men
were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती
हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो
जाता परषोि की सिखया थी
46 300 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
46
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को
जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123
45 13726 DU_J19_BE
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45
Which of the answers would occupy the missing
numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा
48 302 DU_J19_BE
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48
EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is
toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही
FRIGHTENED का ह
47 301 DU_J19_BE
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47
In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you
write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166
पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
1211124
1212215
121345
121460
121575
121690
1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना
1218Respiration शवसन
1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस
1220Decomposition of vegetable matter
into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन
24905Propane परोपन
24906Propanol परोपनोल
24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड
24908Propanal परोपनल
1225Na (11)
1226Ca (20)
1227C (6)
1228K (19)
1229Glucose शकय रा
1230Starch सटाचय
1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन
1232Fructose फरकटोज
50 304 DU_J19_BE
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50
A child saves money in his piggy bank The money
saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in
his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number
of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total
number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म
पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक
म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान
ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
52 13727 DU_J19_BE
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52
isformulaof कासतरह
51 305 DU_J19_BE
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51
Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic
reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया
नही ि ह
54 308 DU_J19_BE
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54
The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in
our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि
ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह
53 307 DU_J19_BE
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53
An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To
which of the following elements it would be chemically
similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म
स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
56 310 DU_J19_BE
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56
Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
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55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
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58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
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57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
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59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
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62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
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61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
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63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
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66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
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65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
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68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
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67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
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70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
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72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
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71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
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73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
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76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
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75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
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78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
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77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
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80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
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79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
116355
116458
116524
116628
116732
116836
1169Brother भाई
1170Father पपता
1171Uncle मामा
1172Grandfather दादा
11736 times 6 बार
11748 times 8 बार
117510 times 10 बार
117612 times 12 बार
11776
11789
117917
118027
118117th
118218th
118319th
118420th
38 292 DU_J19_BE
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38
If 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 x 6 = 18 what is the value
of 4 x 8 = यपद 1 x 4 = 10 2 x 5 = 14 3 X 6 = 18 हतो
4 X 8 = का मान कया ह
37 291 DU_J19_BE
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37
The raito of males and females in a population is 23 If
70 males and 40 females are employed what is the
percentage of total employed population एक जनसिखया म
परषोि और मपहलाओि की सिखया 2 3 ह यपद 70 परष और 40
मपहलाए काययरत ह तो कल काययरत जनसिखया का रपतशत कया ह
40 294 DU_J19_BE
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40
There are five activity clubs in a school viz gardening
photography sports pottery and dramatics The
gardening club meets every second day the
photography club meets every third day the sports
club meets every fourth day the pottery club meets
every fifth day and the dramatics club meets every
sixth day How many times do all the five groups meet
on the same day within a year (365 days) एक सकल म
पाच गपतपवपध कलब ह यानी बागवानी फोटोगराफी खलकदपॉटरीऔर
नाटयकला बागवानी कलब हर दसर पदन पमलता ह फोटोगराफी कलब हर
तीसर पदन पमलता हखलकद कलब हर चौथ पदन पमलता ह पॉटरी कलब हर
पािचव पदन पमलता ह और नाटयकला कलब हर छठ पदन पमलता ह एक वषय
(365 पदनोि) म एक ही पदन सभी पािच समह पकतनी बार पमलत ह
39 293 DU_J19_BE
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39
If Kunal says lsquoTinkursquos mother is the only daughter of
my motherrsquo How is Kunal related to Tinku यपद कणाल
कहता हlsquoपटिक की मा मरी मा की इकलौती बटी हrsquo कणाल पटिक स कस
सिबिपधत ह
42 296 DU_J19_BE
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42
In a queue Amrita is 10th from the front while Mukul is
25thfrom behind and Mamta is just in the middle of the
two if there are 50 persons in the queue what position
does Mamta occupy from the front एक कतार म अमता
सामन स 10 वी ि थथान प ह जबपक मकल 25 व स पीछ हऔर ममता पसफय
दोनोि क बीच म ह अगर कतार म 50 वयकककत ह तब ममता का थथान सामन
स कया ह
41 295 DU_J19_BE
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41
23832
118530
118628
118726
118824
118941
119029
11919
119230
249017
2490215
2490326
2490416
119742
119847
119952
120057
1201141191022
1202131011921
1203141091021
1204131110922
1205AGITATED
1206RECKLESS
1207CORAGEOUS
1208TERRIFIED
12097
121028
44 298 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
44
If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +
then which of the following answers is the correct value
of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय
ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9
- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह
43 297 DU_J19_BE
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43
A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40
days but if there were 8 men more it would be
finished in 10 days earlier The number of men
were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती
हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो
जाता परषोि की सिखया थी
46 300 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
46
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को
जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123
45 13726 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
45
Which of the answers would occupy the missing
numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा
48 302 DU_J19_BE
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48
EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is
toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही
FRIGHTENED का ह
47 301 DU_J19_BE
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47
In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you
write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166
पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
1211124
1212215
121345
121460
121575
121690
1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना
1218Respiration शवसन
1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस
1220Decomposition of vegetable matter
into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन
24905Propane परोपन
24906Propanol परोपनोल
24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड
24908Propanal परोपनल
1225Na (11)
1226Ca (20)
1227C (6)
1228K (19)
1229Glucose शकय रा
1230Starch सटाचय
1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन
1232Fructose फरकटोज
50 304 DU_J19_BE
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50
A child saves money in his piggy bank The money
saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in
his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number
of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total
number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म
पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक
म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान
ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
52 13727 DU_J19_BE
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52
isformulaof कासतरह
51 305 DU_J19_BE
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51
Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic
reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया
नही ि ह
54 308 DU_J19_BE
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54
The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in
our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि
ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह
53 307 DU_J19_BE
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53
An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To
which of the following elements it would be chemically
similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म
स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
56 310 DU_J19_BE
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56
Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
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55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
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58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
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57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
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59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
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62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
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61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
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63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
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66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
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65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
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68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
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67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
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70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
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72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
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71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
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76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
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75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
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78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
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77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
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80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
118530
118628
118726
118824
118941
119029
11919
119230
249017
2490215
2490326
2490416
119742
119847
119952
120057
1201141191022
1202131011921
1203141091021
1204131110922
1205AGITATED
1206RECKLESS
1207CORAGEOUS
1208TERRIFIED
12097
121028
44 298 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
44
If + means times times means - - means divide and divide means +
then which of the following answers is the correct value
of 8 + 4 times 9 ndash 3 divide 1 यपद + का अथय times times का अथय ह - - का अथय
ह divide और divide का अथय + तो पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा उततर 8 + 4 times 9
- 3 divide 1 का सही मान ह
43 297 DU_J19_BE
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43
A certain number of men can do a piece of work in 40
days but if there were 8 men more it would be
finished in 10 days earlier The number of men
were परषोि की एक पनपित सिखया 40 पदनोि म एक काम कर सकती
हलपकन अगर 8 आदमी और होत तो 10 पदन पहल ही काम खतम हो
जाता परषोि की सिखया थी
46 300 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
46
Find the missing term of the series शरिखला म लि सिखया को
जञात कीपजए2 3 6 15 123
45 13726 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
45
Which of the answers would occupy the missing
numberअनपककथथत सिखया म स कौन सा उततर थथान लगा
48 302 DU_J19_BE
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48
EMBARASSED is to HUMILATED as FRIGHTENED is
toEMBARASSED का जो सिबिध HUMILATED स ह वही
FRIGHTENED का ह
47 301 DU_J19_BE
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47
In a code BRAND is written as 4203166 how would you
write LIGHT in that code एक कोड म BRAND को 4203166
पलखा जाता ह आप उस कोड म LIGHT कस पलखग
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
1211124
1212215
121345
121460
121575
121690
1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना
1218Respiration शवसन
1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस
1220Decomposition of vegetable matter
into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन
24905Propane परोपन
24906Propanol परोपनोल
24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड
24908Propanal परोपनल
1225Na (11)
1226Ca (20)
1227C (6)
1228K (19)
1229Glucose शकय रा
1230Starch सटाचय
1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन
1232Fructose फरकटोज
50 304 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
50
A child saves money in his piggy bank The money
saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in
his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number
of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total
number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म
पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक
म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान
ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह
49 303 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
52 13727 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
52
isformulaof कासतरह
51 305 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
51
Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic
reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया
नही ि ह
54 308 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
54
The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in
our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि
ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह
53 307 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
53
An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To
which of the following elements it would be chemically
similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म
स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
56 310 DU_J19_BE
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56
Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
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55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
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58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
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63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
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65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
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68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
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70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
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71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
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75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
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78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
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80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
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79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
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81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1211124
1212215
121345
121460
121575
121690
1217Burning of coal कोयला जलाना
1218Respiration शवसन
1219Electrolysis एलकटर ोपलपसस
1220Decomposition of vegetable matter
into compost खाद म वनसपपत पदाथय का अपघटन
24905Propane परोपन
24906Propanol परोपनोल
24907Propanoic acid परोपानोइक एहिड
24908Propanal परोपनल
1225Na (11)
1226Ca (20)
1227C (6)
1228K (19)
1229Glucose शकय रा
1230Starch सटाचय
1231Glycogen गलाइकोजन
1232Fructose फरकटोज
50 304 DU_J19_BE
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50
A child saves money in his piggy bank The money
saved is in coins of Rs 1 5 and 10 The total money in
his piggy bank is found to be Rs 480- If the number
of coins in each denomination is equal what is the total
number of coins in his piggy bank एक बचा अपन गललक म
पस बचाता ह बचाए गए रपय 1 5 और 10 क पसिोि म हउसक गलक
म कल पस र 480 ह - यपद रतयक मलवगय क पसिोि की सिखया समान
ह तो उनक गललक म पसिोि की कल सिखया कया ह
49 303 DU_J19_BE
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49
Find the wrong term of the series शरिखला की गलत सिखया जञात
कीपजए7 28 63 124 215 342
52 13727 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
52
isformulaof कासतरह
51 305 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
51
Which of the following reactions is not an exothermic
reactionपनमनपलककखत म स कौन सी रपतपकरया एक एकसोथपमयक रपतपकरया
नही ि ह
54 308 DU_J19_BE
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54
The energy derived from the food we eat is stored in
our body in the form of हमार दवारा खाए जान वाल भोजन स राि
ऊजाय हमार शरीर म जमा होन का रप ह
53 307 DU_J19_BE
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53
An atom has an electronic configuration of 2 8 2 To
which of the following elements it would be chemically
similar एक परमाण का इलकटर ॉपनक कॉककफफगरशन 2 8 2 ह पनमन म
स पकस ततव क यह रासायपनक रप स समान होगा
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
56 310 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
56
Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
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79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1233Blood bones cartilage रकत हपडडयोि
उपाककथथ1234Blood skeletal muscles cartilage
रकत कि काल की मािसपपशयोि उपाककथथ
1235Blood Oesophagus lining Skeletal
muscles रकत एसोफगस असतर कि काल की
मािसपपशयाि1236Blood bones brain रकत हपडडया
मककसतषक1237Fungi are eukaryotic organisms
कवक यकररयोपटक जीव ह 1238Fungi are saprophytes कवक सरोपफटस
ह 1239Fungi are multicellular autotrophic
organisms कवक बहकोपशकीय ऑटोटर ोपफक जीव ह
1240Fungi forms symbiotic relationships
कवक सहजीवी सिबिध बनाता ह 12411 Js
12421 KJs
12431 KJhr
12441 Js2
1245Inertia जड़तव का
1246Momentum आवग का
1247Newtonrsquos second law of motion नयटन
की गपत क दसरा पनयम का 1248Newtonrsquos third law of motion नयटन की
गपत क तीसरा पनयम का 1249Insulin इिसपलन दवारा
1250Thyroxine थाइरॉकककसन दवारा
1251Adrenaline एडर नालाईन दवारा
1252Estrogen एसटर ोजन दवारा
1253Mitochondria माइटोकॉककरर या
1254Cell membrane कोपशका पझलली
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Which of the following statement for fungi is not
true कवक क पलए पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा कथन सतय नही ि ह
55 309 DU_J19_BE
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55
Which of the following group represents an example of
connective tissue पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा समह सियोजी ऊतक का
उदाहरण रसतत करता ह
58 312 DU_J19_BE
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58
As the sailor jumps out of a moving boat in forward
direction the boat moves backward It is an example
of जस ही नापवक आग की पदशा म एक चलती नाव स कदता ह नाव पीछ
की ओर जाती ह यह एक उदाहरण ह
57 311 DU_J19_BE
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57
A power is equal to एक शकककत क बराबर ह
60 314 DU_J19_BE
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
59 313 DU_J19_BE
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59
In frog metamorphosis is controlled by मढक म रपाितरण
पनयिपतरत होता ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
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60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
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62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
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61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
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63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
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66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
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65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
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68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
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67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1255Cytoplasm कोपशका दरवय
1256Plastids पलाककसटड
1257Hard times हाडय टाइमस
1258Oliver twist ओपलवर पिसट
1259A tale of two cities अ टल ऑफ ट सीटीस
1260The Pickwick Papers द पपकपवक पपसय
1261Reducing the wages of workers
शरपमकोि की मजदरी को कम करना1262Reducing the supply of finished goods
तयार माल की आपपतय को कम करना1263Reducing the cost of finished product
तयार उतपाद की लागत को कम करना
1264Recruiting more people to reduce the
load over a single labourer एक मजदर पर भार
कम करन क पलए अपधक लोगोि को भती करना
1265A position एक पद
1266A form of tax कर का एक रप
1267The decoration of Rang Mahal
रिगमहल की सजावट 1268Mughal tradition of giving successions
उततरापधकार दन की मगल परिपरा
1269Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyayya
बिपकम चिदर चटटोपाधयाय 1270Rabindra Nath Tagore रपविदरनाथ टगोर
1271Subhash Chandra Bose सभाष चिदर बोस
60 314 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
60
Plant cells are different from animal cells It is by the
presence of पादप कोपशकाएि जानवरोि की कोपशकाओि स अलग होती ह
यह पकसकी उपककथथपत स अलग होती ह
62 316 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
62
Cost cutting by a company means कि पनी दवारा लागत म कटौती
का मतलब ह
61 315 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
61
In which of the novel Charles Dickens wrote about the
terrible effects of industrialisation on peoplersquos lives and
character चारलय पडक स न पकस उपनयास म लोगोि क जीवन और चररतर
परऔदयोगीकरण क भयानक रभावोि क बार म पलखा था
64 318 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
63 317 DU_J19_BE
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63
Sahadyaad is सहदयाद ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
64 318 DU_J19_BE
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
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66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
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65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
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68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
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70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
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74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
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75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
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79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1272Mahatma Gandhi महातमा गािधी
1273Following rituals ररवाजोि का पालन
1274Respecting all religions सभी धमो का
सममान करना1275Performance of sacrifices बपलदानोि का
पनषपादन1276Giving no gifts to Brahmin and monks
बराहमण और पभिओि को कोई उपहार नही ि दना
1277I II IV
1278II III IV
1279I III IV
1280Only IV पसफय IV
1281Saturn and Mars शपन और मिगल
1282Jupiter and Venus बहसपपत और शकर
1283Saturn and Mercury शपन और बध
1284Jupiter and Neptune बहसपपत और वरण
1285I only I पसफय
1286II only II पसफय
1287III only III पसफय
1288I and II only I और II पसफय
1289Prejudice पवयगरह का
1290Diversity पवपवधता का
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64
Who was the first writer to create the identity of India
with the image of Bharat Mata भारत माता की छपव क साथ
भारत की पहचान बनान वाल पहल लखक कौन थ
66 320 DU_J19_BE
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66
Which of the following are true about Sufi saints- I
They discussed spiritual matters II Devotees of all
religion flocked to visit here III They hold their
assemblies in kingsrsquo royal courtsIV Often people
attributed them with miraculous powers सफी सितोि क बार म
पनमनपलककखत म स कौन स सतय ह- I उनहोिन आधयाककतमक मामलोि पर चचाय
की II सभी धमय क भकत यहाि दशयन करन क पलए आत ह III व
राजाओि क शाही दरबार म अपनी सभाएि करत ह IV अकसर लोगोि न उनह
चमतकारी शकककतयोि का शरय पदया
65 319 DU_J19_BE
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65
Which of the following is true about Ashokarsquos
Dhamma अशोक क धमम क बार म पनमनपलककखत म स कौन सा सही ह
68 322 DU_J19_BE
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68
Prairies are I The temperate grasslands of North
America II A region of flat gently sloping or hilly
land III Treeless near the high lying areas रररएस ह I
उततरी अमररका का शीतोषण घास का मदान II समतल धीमी ढलान या
पहाड़ी भपम का एक ितर III ऊि च इलाकोि क पास विरपहत ितर
67 321 DU_J19_BE
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67
Which of the following planets have rings around
themपनमनपलककखत म स पकस गरहोि क चारोि ओर चकर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
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70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
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69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
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72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
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90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1291Stereotype रपढवापदता का
1292Discrimination भदभाव का
1293I II III
1294I II IV
1295I III IV
1296II III IV
1297b ndash a ndash 1
1298b ndash a + 1
1299a ndash b + 1
1300a ndash b ndash1
1301PQRS is a rectangle PQRS एक आयत ह
1302PQRS is a parallelogram PQRS एक
समाितर चतभयज ह1303diagonals of PQRS are perpendicular
PQRS क पवकणय लिबवत ह1304diagonals of PQRS are equal PQRS
क पवकणय बराबर ह1305450 km 450 पकमी
1306360 km 360 पकमी
1307400 km 400 पकमी
1308500 km 500 पकमी
1309Integers पणााकोि
1310Positive integers सकारातमक पणााक
70 324 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
70
The plateau I is rich in mineral deposits II may have
small summits and a broad base III may have one or
more sides with steep slopes IV is a flat-topped table
land standing above the surrounding area पठार I खपनज
भिडार म समदध ह II छोट पशखर और वयापक आधार हो सकत
ह IIIतीवर ढलान क साथ एक या एक स अपधक पि क हो सकत ह IV
एक सपाट-शीषय वाल पहाड़ी मदान ह जो आसपास क ितर क ऊपर ह
69 323 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
69
Being made to sit separately in the classroom because
of onersquos background is a form of एक पषठभपम क कारण किा म
अलग बठाना एक रप ह
72 326 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
72
The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of
the sides of a quadrilateral PQRS taken in order is a
rectangle if PQRS चतभयज की भजाओि क मधय-पबिदओि को एक ही
करम म पमलान पर बना चतभयज एक आयत होता ह यपद
71 325 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
71
If one of the zeroes of the polynomial y3 + ay2 + by + c
is ndash1 then the product of the other two zeroes is यपद
बहपद y3 + ay2 + by + c is ndash1 क शनयोि म स एक हो तो अनय दो
शनयोि का उतपाद ह
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
73 327 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
73
A car covers a distance of 1080 km in 18 hours The
speed of a train is double the speed of the car The
speed of a bike is equal to two- third of the speed of
the train The distance covered by the bike in 5 hours
would be एक कार 18 घिट म 1080 पकमी की दरी तय करती हटर न
की गपत कार की गपत स दोगनी हएक बाइक की गपत टर न की गपत क दो-
पतहाई क बराबर होती ह5 घिट म बाइक दवारा तय की गई दरी होगी
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1311Non-negative integers गर-नकारातमक
पणााक1312Non-positive integers गर-सकारातमक
पणााक1313halved आधी
1314Doubled दोगनी
1315Same समान
1316four times चार बार
1317remains the same एक ही रहता ह
1318becomes 5 times the original mean
मल माधय स 5 गना हो जाता ह1319is decreased by 8 8 स घटता ह
1320is increased by 8 8 स बढता ह
1321BC EF = A C FD
1322AB EF = AC DE
1323BC DE = AB EF
1324BC DE = AB FD
132516
132614
132715
132812
1329triangles of equal area बराबर ितरफल
वाल पतरभजोि म 1330congruent triangles सवायगसम पतरभजोि म
1331right triangles समकोण पतरभजोि म
1332isosceles triangles समपदवबाह पतरभजोि म
1333(2 0) (2 0)पर
1334(0 3) (0 3)पर
1335(3 0) (3 0)पर
1336(0 2) (0 2)पर
74 328 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
74
In a polynomial the exponents of the variables are
always एक बहपद म चर क घातािक हमशा होत ह
76 330 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
76
If each observation of the data is increased by 8 then
their mean यपद आिकड़ोि क रतयक रिण म 8 की वककदध की जाती ह तो
उनका माधय
75 329 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
75
In a cylinder radius is doubled and height is halved
new curved surface area will be यपद एक पसपलिडर की पतरजया
दोगनी कर दी जाए और उचाई आधी कर दी जाए तो इसका नया वकरपषठीय
ितरफल होगा
78 332 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
78
Total numbers of factors of 120 are120 क घटको की कल
सिखया ह
77 331 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
77
If triangle ABC is similar to triangle EDF and triangle
ABC is not similar to triangle DEF then which of the
following is not trueयपद पतरभज ABC पतरभज EDF क समान ह और
पतरभज ABC पतरभज DEF क समान नही ि ह तो पनमन म स कौन सा सतय नही ि
ह
80 334 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
80
The graph of the linear equation 2x + 3y = 6 cuts the y-
axis at the point रककखक समीकरण 2x + 3y = 6 का गराफपकस
पबिद पर y- अि को काटता ह
79 333 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
79
The median of a triangle divides it into two एक पतरभज पक
माककधयका उस पवभापजत करती ह दो
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1341by acquiring knowledge
1342from the Official Secrets Act 1923
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1343through openings
1344by denying public information
1345enable citizens to participate fully in
the decision-making process1346to make the people aware of the Act
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
81 336 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
81
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateA person gets power
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1347to gain knowledge of administration
1348to make the people Government
friendly
1349to provide power to the civil servants
82 337 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
82
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateRight to Information is a major step
forward to
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1350as an instrument for improving
Government-citizen interface resulting in a
friendly caring and effective Government
1351a draconian law against the officials
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1352to check the harassment of the
people
1353extending power to the executive
authorities
1354combining the executive and
legislative power
84 339 DU_J19_BE
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84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
83 338 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
83
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1355recognizing Judiciary a pioneer in
implementing the act in letter and spirit
1356educating the people before its
implementation
84 339 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
84
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Commission made the Bill effective
by
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1357it could be reviewed based on the
experience gained on its functioning
1358the civil servants would see the Bill in
a positive spirit
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1359it would not be considered as a
draconian law for paralyzing Government
1360All the above
1365that they date back to one thousand
and five hundred years ago
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
85 340 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
85
Read the passage carefully and answer question James
Madison said ldquoA people who mean to be their own
governors must arm themselves with power that
knowledge givesrdquo In India the Official Secrets Act
1923 was a convenient smokescreen to deny members
of the public access to information Public functioning
has traditionally been shrouded in secrecy But in a
democracy in which people govern themselves it is
necessary to have more openness In the maturing of
our democracy right to information is a major step
forward it enables citizens to participate fully in the
decision-making process that affects their lives so
profoundly It is in this context that the address of the
Prime Minister in the Lok Sabha is significant He said
ldquoI would only like to see that everyone particularly our
civil servants should see the Bill in a positive spirit not
as a draconian law for paralyzing Government but as
an instrument for improving Government-Citizen
interface resulting in a friendly caring and effective
Government functioning for the good of our Peoplerdquo He
further said ldquoThis is an innovative Bill where there will
be scope to review its functioning as we gain
experience Therefore this is a piece of legislation
whose working will be kept under constant
reviewsrdquo The Commission in its Report has dealt with
the application of the Right to Information in Executive
Legislature and Judiciary The judiciary could be a
pioneer in implementing the Act in letter and spirit
because much of the work that the Judiciary does is
open to public scrutiny Government of India has
sanctioned an e-governance project in the Judiciary for
about ` 700 crores which would bring about systematic
classification standardization and categorization of
records This would help the judiciary to fulfil its
mandate under the Act Similar capacity building would
be required in all other public authorities The
transformation from nontransparency to transparency
and public accountability is the responsibility of all three
organs of StateThe Prime Minister considered the Bill
innovative and hoped that
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1366that these are the worldrsquos oldest
island caves
1367that rocks have been cut and
sculpted into magnificent statues of gods
1368that they have some of the most
magnificent rock-cut sculptures of Lord
Shiva
86 342 DU_J19_BE
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86
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
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87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1369Natraja 87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
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Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1370Ascetic Shiva
1371Maheshmurti
1372Ardhnarinateshwar
87 343 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
87
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The six metres high
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1373in a filthy state 88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1374in a dilapidated state
1375in a magnificent state
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Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1376in a precarious state
1377protect caves from vandalism
1378help authorities to implement
regulations
88 344 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
88
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Before being declared
a World Heritage Site the caves were
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1379help clean up the surroundings
1380discourage visitors from carrying
eatables inside
89 345 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
89
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas Security personnel
were deployed in order to
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1381the toxic chemical storage terminal 90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
92
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1382the bilge from oil exploring activities
90 346 DU_J19_BE
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90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
90 346 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
91 348 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
91
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
92 349 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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96
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1383plastic dumped in the sea
1384the rapid industrial development in
their vicinity
1389साथ-साथ रहन का अनशासन
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90
Read the passage carefully and answer question One
thousand and five hundred years ago when craftsmen
began cutting rocks and sculpting them into magnificent
statues of gods little did they realise that in the second
millennium the Elephant Caves would not just be a
major tourist attraction but would also be a World
Heritage Site Now the worldrsquos oldest island caves are
getting a new lease of life The Indian National Trust for
Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) has teamed up with
the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to spruce up
the caves and protect them from further decay and
degeneration Elephanta Caves date back to the sixths
century and boast of some of Indiarsquos most magnificent
rock-cut sculptures of Lord Shiva Situated about 11 km
from the Gateway of India these caves are reached by
small boats Once on the island visitors have to climb
over 1000 stone steps to get to the caves The caves
were originally built during the reign of the Rashtraputa
kings They contain huge images of Brahma Parvati
Natraja and Shiva The best and most famous of these
is Maheshmurti---- a three headed bust of Shiva which
is about six metres high The great elephant structure
in black stone which gave the island its name was
removed in 1864 by British to take it to England
However it was later returned to India and now stands
at the Victoria Gardens a park with a small zoo in the
centre of Mumbai On top of the caves are two huge
cannons installed by the British in order to protect
Bombay harbour In the main cave there are nine
carvings which depict the life of Lord Shiva in different
manifestations --- the dancer (Natraja) Shiva killing
demon Andhaka marriage ceremony of Shiva and
Parvati Shivarsquos descent to the Ganges Shiva as
Ardhnarinateshwar Shiva as Maheshmurti Shiva lifting
Mount Kailash Goddess Parvati on Mount Kailash and
Shiva as ascetic Back in the mid-eighties a team of
leading international archaeologists conservators and
historians visited the site and forwarded a proposal to
UNESCO to grant heritage status to the caves The
proposal was accepted and Elephanta Caves were
declared a World Heritage Site in 1987 The most
important part of the effort was to clean the
surroundings of the heritage site For example there is
an ancient site built adjacent to the gate which houses
some of the best frescoes and showcases the art of
carving out statues by cutting rock The next phase was
to clean up the littered surroundings and also to
discourage visitors from carrying eatables and plastic
bags inside the caves This step too was roundly
criticised but gradually people were educated on the
historic and religious importance of the caves and the
incidents of littering have considerably reduced To
protect the caves from vandalism security personnel
were deployed a year ago ldquoThis has helped authorities
to implement regulations stringentlyrdquo says as INTACH
volunteer of the organisationrsquos Mumbai chapter
Elephanta Caves have for years been threatened by the
rapid industrial development in their vicinity A toxic
chemicals storage terminal has been planned just 400
metres away Bilge from oil-exploring activities and
plastic dumped in the sea have seriously threatened
marine and bird life of the areas The most potent
threat the caves suffer from is
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
91 348 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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93
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1390भय स छटकार का आशवासन
1391भयभीत न करन का आगरह
1392रिा करन का वचन
1393पकसी को लट लत ह
1394पकसी को पटकन नही ि दत
1395पकसी को जीन का अपधकार नही ि दत
1396पकसी स दशमनी रखत ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| हम बहत बड़ा अनयाय कर रह होत ह यपद
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|आसमान हम पदलाता ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1397खली पसतक स
1398सभी जीवोि स
1399पिपतज स
1400पढी जा रही पसतक स
93 350 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|बनायडय शॉ न जीवन की उपमा पकसस दी ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
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94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1401उसका पसरा नही ि पमलता
1402उसकी सीमा नही ि ह
1403उसका पवसतार अपधक ह
1404उसक बहत स पसर ह
1405जहा धरती और आकाश पास-पास होत ह
94 351 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
94
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता| यपद पकसी का ओर-छोर नही ि ह तो
95 352 DU_J19_BE
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95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
95 352 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
95
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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100
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1406जहा तक धरती पदखाई पड़ती ह
1407जहा स धरती और आकाश पदखाई पड़त
1408जहा धरती और आसमान पमल हए पदखाई दत ह
1429दसरोि की पशिा की वयवथथा करनी चापहए
1430सभी को मानवीय ररशोि का सबक पसखाना चापहए
1431दसरोि की सवतितरता का सममान करना चापहए
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि का वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए सारा सिसार नील गगन क तल अनित काल स रहता
आया ह हम थोड़ी दरी पर ही दखत ह पिपतज तक जहा धरती और
आकाश हम पमलत पदखाई दत ह लपकन जब हम वहा पहचत ह तो यह
नजारा आग ककखसकता चला जाता ह और इस नजार का कोई ओर-छोर हम
नही ि पदखाई दता हठीक इसी तरह हमारा जीवन भी ह प जिदगी की न जान
पकतनी उपमाए दी जा चकी ह लपकन कोई भी उपमा पणय नही ि मानी गई
कयोिपक प जिदगी क इतन पि ह पक कोई भी उपमा उस पर परी तरह पफट
नही ि बठती बनायडय शॉ जीवन को एक खली पकताब मानत थ और यह भी
मानत थ पक सभी जीवोि को समान रप स जीन का हक ह वह चाहत थ पक
इिसान अपन सवाथय म अिधा होकर पकसी दसर जीव क जीन का हक न मार
यपद इिसान ऐसा करता ह तो यह बहत बड़ा अनयाय ह हमार पवचार
सवाभापवक रप स एक-दसर स मल नही ि खात ह लपकन इसका मतलब यह
नही ि होता पक हम दसरोि को उसक जीन क हक स विपचत कर दयह खला
आसमान यह रकपत और यह परा भ-मिडल हम दरअसल यही बता रहा ह
पक हाथी स लकर ची िटी तक सभी को समान रप स जीवन पबतान का हक
ह पजस तरह स खल आसमान क नीच हर राणी पबना पकसी डर क जीन
सास लन का अपधकारी ह उसी तरह स मानव-मातर का सवभाव भी होना
चापहए पक वह अपन जीन क साथ दसरोि स उनक जीन का हक न छीन यह
आसमान हम पजस तरह स भय स छटकारा पदलाता ह उसी तरह स हम भी
मानव-जापत स जीवोि को डर स छटकारा पदलाकर उनह जीन क पलए परा
अवसर दना चापहए दसरोि क जीन क हक को छीनन स बड़ा अपराध या
पाप कछ नही ि हो सकता|lsquoपिपतजrsquo पकस कहत ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1432अपनी गररमा का भी धयान रखना चापहए
1413अपधकार नही ि मानना
1414हसतिप नही ि करना
1415आकरमण नही ि करना
1416अवहलना नही ि करना
1417एकरपता ह
96 358 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | हम अपनी
सवतितरता क साथ-साथ
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
97 354 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमगर वह
पकसी अनय की सवतितर सतता का अपतकरमण नही ि करता |rsquo वाकय म
lsquoअपतकरमणrsquo नही ि करन स तातपयय ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
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पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1418सामापजकता ह
1419समानता ह
1420पवपवधता ह
1421दशज
1422आगत
1423ततसम
1424तदभव
99 356 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
98
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | lsquoमानवीयrsquo
शबद ह
98 355 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
97
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद क
आधार पर कहा जा सकता ह पक भारतीय समाज म
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह
1425दबा दना
1426तयाग करना
1427परोपहताई करना
1428तपयण करना
100 357 DU_J19_BE
D_SEMR_Q
99
पनमनपलककखत गदयािश क सनदभय म पछ गए रशोि क वकककलपत उततरोि म स सही
उततर को पचककनहत कीपजए| एक लोकतािपतरक समाज सवतितरचता वयकककतयोि का
समह जहा हर वयकककत अपनी सवतितर सतता रखता ह | मगर वह पकसी अनय
की सवतितरता म अपतकरमण नही ि करता | सबको अपन ही समान मानता ह
और सबकी गररमा का आदर करता ह | इस आदर म सभी का एक-दसर क
रपत रम-भाव शापमल होता ह | ऐसा रम-भाव पजसम पकसी दसर को मन
वचन और कमय स पीड़ा पहचान का कोई थथान नही ि होता | कया आज की
हमारी पशिा मानवीय ररशोि का यह भाव पसखाती ह समानता परष और
सतरी क बीच गोर और काल क बीच अलग-अलग धमो को मानन वालोि क
बीच पसखान की बात जरर पशिा की वयवथथा करन वाल करत ह | समाज
म सिपनन भी होत ह पवपनन भी धनी भी और पनधयन भी | हपसयत वाल और
पपछड़ भी होत ह | इसीपलए इन सबक बीच समानता का वयवहार पसखान
की अपिा भी पशिा-वयवथथा स ही की जा सकती ह | पशिा स यह भी
अपिा की जाती ह पक समाज म अलगाव की भावना को पतरोपहत करक सब
म अपनतव का भाव पदा कर और ऐस मानवीय ररशोि की सवथथ भपम तयार
कर पजसम समान रप स अपन पवकास क अवसर पा सक | अनचछद म
lsquoपतरोपहतrsquo करन का भाव ह