Download - Drug Abuse
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Drug Abuse
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Drug Abuse
Effects &Symptom
sShort and Long Term Effects
& Withdrawal Symptoms
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What is a 'Drug' ?
A pharmaceutical preparation or a naturally occurring substance used primarily to bring about any change in the existing process or state (physiological, psychological or biochemical ) is called a ‘drug’.
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USE vs. ABUSE
USE: Intake of drugs to :- Treat an Illness Prevent a Disease Improve Health Condition
ABUSE: Intake of drugs, for reasons other than medical, in such a manner that the drugs affects the physical or mental functioning of the person.
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Stay Stay away away from from
them !them !
DrugsDrugsKill !Kill !
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Classification of Addictive Drugs
Narcotic Analgesics Cannabis Stimulants Depressants Hallucinogens Volatile Solvents Other Drugs of Abuse
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NARCOTIC ANALGESICS
Pain Killing orRelieving drugs with the Opium like effects.
Natural Sources
OpiumMorphine Codeine
Semi Synthetic
Heroin(Brown Sugar)
Synthetic
Buprenorphine(tidigesic)
MethadonePentazocine
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Modes of Intake
CodeineOral (tablets & cough
syrups)
HeroinInjection, Inhalation,
Chasing
OpiumOral, Inhalation
MorphineInjection
BuprenorphineOral, Injection
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LONG - TERM EFFECTS
Mood Instability Reduced Libido Constipation Respiratory Impairments Physical Deterioration
In female abusers, menstrualirregularity and fetal addiction / abnormality. Infections like serum hepatitisand HIV can occur among IV users.
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WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS
Tolerance and Psychological Dependence Develop
Feeling Of Unpleasantness Severe Pain Diarrhea Dilation of Pupils Insomnia Hallucinations
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STIMULANTS
Drugs which Excite or Speed up the Central Nervous System : Amphetamines Cocaine
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DEPRESSANTS
Drugs which Depress or Slow Down the Functions of the Central Nervous System : Sedative - Hypnotics
o Barbiturateso Benzodiazepines
Alcohol
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DEPRESSANTS : Long Term Effect
Long-term Effects of Depressants: Depression Chronic Fatigue Respiratory Impairments Impaired Sexual Function Decreased Attention Span Poor Memory and Judgement Chronic Sleep Problems
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HALLUCINOGENS
Hallucinogens are drugs which affect Perception, Emotions and Mental Processes. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) Phencyclidine (PCP) Mescaline Psilocybin
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CANNABIS
Cannabis includes : Ganja / Marijuana Hashish / Charas Hashish Oil Bhang.
The most common mode
of intake is SmokingSmoking .
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CANNABIS : Long-term Effects
Decreased Cognitive Ability Amotivational Syndrome Respiratory Problems Sterility/Impotence Psychosis In women abusers,
Fetal damage
can occur
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WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS
Tolerance and Psychological Dependence Develop
Sleep Disturbances Loss of Appetite, Irritability Depression or psychotic
symptoms may become prominent
Tremors
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OTHER DRUGS OF ABUSE
Muscle Relaxants Analgesics Anti-Histamines Anti-Emetics Anti-Depressants / Anti-Psychotics
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EFFECTSA few examples of
possible effects of Drugs !
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DAMAGE DUE TO ADDICTION
Physical Deterioration Psychiatric Problems Safety Risks (Accidents and highly
Risky Behaviour) Intellectual Impairment Personality Deterioration Legal Risks
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Drug Addiction
Tolerance Psychological
Dependence Physical Dependence Withdrawal Symptoms
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Impact on
FamilyHow the drugs impact or affect the family ?
Featuring a discussion on The Altered Family Dynamics
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Happy Family Portrait by – Rani
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ALTERED FAMILY DYNAMICS
Suffers as financial resources are diverted for alcohol / drugs
Loses self esteem due to growing criticism and provocations
Isolates from external contacts to protect itself from further embarrassment
ies Koqy dy pu`qr ny myrI
boql nwlI’c roHV qI !
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Enabling Behaviour
ieh dwrU nhIN,
swfy cwcw jI dI dvweI
hY !
In their attempts to eliminate the problem, the family unknowingly enables the addict to continue with his inappropriate behaviour.
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Enabling Behaviour : few examples
Justifying addict’s use
of drugs / alcohol.Calling the employer and
making excuses on addict’s
behalf to explain his
irresponsible behaviour.Paying Debts Incurred
by the addict.
mW dI AwKrI
inSwnI vI geI !
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CO-DEPENDENCY TRAITS
Loss of Daily StructureLack of Personal CareIndifference to Health
ProblemsLoss of Priorities
in Life
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... co-dependency traits
Inability to Maintain Interpersonal Relationships
Inability to Set and Maintain Limits Inability to Make DecisionsDefensiveness
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Feelings Experienced by the Family
Repeated problems and failures lead to : Shame and Loneliness Hopelessness Fear Hurt Grief Anger Guilt
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Impact on
ChildrenHow the parent’s addiction
affects the children ?
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IMPACT ON CHILDREN
a) Problems Faced by Childrenb) The Self-imposed Commands
(the Self-protection Roles)c) Guidelines to Parents
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(a) Problems Faced by Children
Lack of Care and WarmthLack of a Role ModelLoss of Self - EsteemDifficulty with Intimate
RelationshipsLiving in Constant Fear
and Anxiety
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(b) The Self-imposed Commands
Three Painful, Self - Imposed Commands
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ADJUSTING CHILD ... the lost child
Very TimidIndulges in Solitary Activities‘Invisible’ and WithdrawnGets Sick too often
(stress related illnesses)
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PLACATING CHILD ... the mascot
Provides Humour / Fun to Reduce Tension in the Family
Fear of Not BelongingFear of Breaking Down
Has Not Learnt :- to take Care of
his Emotions to express his Needs
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REBELLIOUS CHILD ... the scapegoat
DefiantActs OutLow AchieverThrows ‘Tantrums’
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(c) What Parents can do for the Child
Bitter are the Tears of your childSoothen them.
Ruffled are the Thoughts of your child
Quieten them. Heavy is the Grief of your child
Lighten it. Soft is the Heart of your child
Embrace it.
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Identifying the Child of an Addict
Poor attendance without any valid reason
Drop in school grades Pre-occupation in class, sleepy
unable to concentrate Friendlessness and isolation or being
withdrawn
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… identifying the child of an addict
Sudden temper and other emotional outbursts
Extreme fear about situations involving contact with parents
Presence of bruises quite often on the child’s body
Agitation, rebelliousness
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… identifying the child of an addict
Inability to pay school fees on time despite father holding a job
Unable to comply with school regulations such as bringing in permission slips, materials for project
Nobody present during the parent– teacher meeting
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DO’s &DONT’sWhat the family members
should :-Avoid Doing !Need to Do !
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Avoid Doing This !
Hiding or throwing away alcohol / drugs. Arguing when he is under the influence. Asking reasons for alcohol / drug use.Lecturing or making Emotional Appeals.(Sticks) - Punishing, Threatening(Carrots) - Bribing
In the long run, none
of these methods work.
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What Family Need to Do !
To accept that addiction is a serious problem which requires professional help
To calmly discuss addiction and related problems openly
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… need to do !
To stop protecting by covering up the consequences of drug / alcohol use.
Don’t feel or give the impression that the addict is doing a favour by not ‘using’
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… need to do !
Start communicating openly to the other family members about their concerns
To plan one day at a time and start executing them
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… need to do !
Let him start looking after their own needs and the needs of other family members
Let him understand that he is not alone and that all our help is available
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… need to do !
Try To identify healthy leisure activities
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