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FOOD SAFETY
Dr. C. P. S. Menon
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Food safety
Food safety means assurance that food is acceptable for human consumption according to its intended use.
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Food borne diseases
More than 1.5 billion cases of diarrhea each a year One in three persons affected in industrialized nations In US alone more than 78 million illnesses annually more than 0.3 million hospitalized more than 5000 deaths In South East Asian Countries alone more than
0.7million deaths ,while the Global figure touches 2.2 million
Out of the 2.2 million deaths, children below 5 yrs account for 1.8 million
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Food safety through ages
Food preservation methods (Sun Drying ,Granary & Storage ,Pickling ,Smoking ,Curing)
Sanctity attached to food by various populations
Family code of conduct for foods : Grandmothers’ Wisdom
Various religious codes for food : Halal, Kosher etc.
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Standards
Food Safety and Standards Act -2006 (Imports included) in India
Bureau of Indian Standards (Mandatory in specific products/processes)
ISO 22000 : 2005 International (Global)
Religeous Regulations : Halal,Kosher etc.
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FSSA - 2006
A landmark Legislation
An Act to consolidate the laws relating to
food in India
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Indian Food Laws : PastThe Prevention of Food Adulteration Act,
1954The Fruit Products Order, 1955The Meat Food Products Order,1973The Vegetable Oil Products (Control)
Order,1947The Edible Oil Packaging (Regulation)
Order,1998The Solvent Extracted oil, De-oiled Meal,
edible Flour (Control ) Order,1967The Milk and Milk Products Order, 1992Essential commodities Act, 1955
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DefinitionsIt defines several of the technical terms to
overcome any ambiguityIt distinguishes adulterant,contaminant and
extraneous matterIt defines food, food business, and food
business operatorIt describes food safety, food safety audit,
Food laboratory, and Food Safety Management systems
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Food Business Operator Food business operator in relation to food business means a person by whom the business is carried on or owned and is responsible for ensuring the compliance of this Act, rules and regulations made thereunder
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FSSA - 2006Establishes Food Safety and Standards
Authority of IndiaLays down Science based standards for
articles of foodRegulate their manufacture, storage,
distribution, sale and importTo ensure safe and wholesome food for
human consumptionIt extends to the whole of India
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RegulationsGeneral Requirements on Hygienic and Sanitary
Practices to be followed by all food business operators
Location and surroundingsLayout and Design of food establishment premisesEquipments and ContainersFacilities : Water, Drainage, Personnel facilities,
Waste managementFood operation and controls (HACCP)Management and Supervision (FSMS)Food Testing ,Audit, Documentation and RecordsPersonal Hygiene, Training
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Labeling Requirements Mandatory
Name of productList of ingredientsStorage instructionsDate of Manufacture/Best before / Use by dateName and address of manufacturerNutritional information Symbol and colour codeLanguage of particulars/declaration on the label English / Hindi / DevnagriNet content /quantityLot/ code/ batch numberCountry of origin
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Labeling Requirements Optional
The BrandInstruction for preparing the productInstruction for storage after opening Examples of recipes where product can be used
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Organizations covered under FSSA / ISO 22000
Direct involvementAgricultural producersFish and Meat producersFeed and food
manufacturersProcessorsFood outlets and CaterersRetailersTransportation operatorsStorage providers.
Indirect involvementEquipment manufacturersBiochemical manufacturersPackaging material
manufacturersSuppliers of cleaning
equipments Suppliers of sanitization
agents and food contact
materials
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Licensing and RegistrationNo person shall commence or carry on any
food business except under licencePetty food business operator – RegistrationFood business - Licence
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ImplementationInitially to assist the industry operators to
learn and employ good hygienic and hazard free production practices
Licensing and registration employed to monitor regularly the introduction of food safety practices by them
Repeated offenders will attract severe penalties
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The Ultimate AimThe implementation of The Food Safety and
Standards Act 2006 and The Food Security Programmes will eventually provide wholesome food to the millions of our countrymen
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Effective Food Control System : Needs
• Training and Education / Laboratory set ups Accreditation / Certification• Mandatory requirements /Enforcements• Community out reach / General awareness and
communication• Voluntary Compliance• Preventive approaches : HACCP,GMP,GAP,GHP
etc.• Responsibility of local self governments : water,
hygiene sanitation, waste disposal, pollution control etc.
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Inadequacy in IndiaTrained human resourcesTest LaboratoriesResearch LaboratoriesInfrastructureEquipmentsResponse and alert systemsSurveillanceMonitoringFinancial resources
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Future of Food Industry Food industry growth is always higher than
general industrial growth.Industrial growth drives urbanizationUrbanization necessitates higher demand for
convenience foods (processed and packaged)Direct benefits to FOOD INDUSTRYGlobal Market : Opportunity for greater
growth through ExportsA SAFE product becomes essential for
growth and consumer patronage / Brand loyalty