Download - Do now: Write in your notebook, what do you think of when you hear the word genetics? 5 mins
Aim: What is genetics?Do now: Write in your notebook, what do you
think of when you hear the word genetics?5 mins
What is Genetics?Genetics is the study of genes.
What are genes?Genes are segments of
DNA that code for a specific protein
Chromosomes are made up of genes, which are made up of DNA.
We further discuss the structure of genes later in the semester.
Genetic material (genes, chromosomes, DNA) is found inside the nucleus of a cell.
InheritanceHeredityis how traits, or characteristics, are
passed on from generation to generation. Inheritance are all of the genetic characters or qualities transmitted from parent to offspring.
HistoryGregor Mendel is considered “The Father of Genetics“Austrian Monk.Experimented with “pea plants”.Used pea plants because:
They were availableThey reproduced quicklyThey showed obvious differences in the traits
Understood that there was something that carried traits from one generation to the next- “FACTOR”.
Particulate Hypothesis of Inheritance: Parents pass on to
their offspring separate and distinct factors (today called genes) that are responsible for inherited traits.
Genetics TodayDNA is a universal code. All living things with
DNA are thought and proven to be able to use each others DNA.
This gave rise to a sub branch of genetics: Genetic Engineering.
Scientific alteration of the structure of genetic material in a living organism.
But why should you care?Would you eat foods that contained GMOs?
Humans fear what they do not understand
What is a GMO?
But when they understand it, they can use it to its full potential
What is parental testing?Is it accurate?
Should I test for BRAC?What do these results mean?
Can DNA prove someone’sinnocence?What is genetic counseling?
Where is genetics used?Medicine
ImmunityPreventive careTreatmentGene therapy
ResearchEvolutionMedical
AgricultureGenetically modified
crops
Animal geneticsLivestockSelective breedingCloning
MedicineIn the future, doctors and scientists hope to
use our genetic information to diagnose, treat, prevent and cure many illnesses.
A 23andMe personalized genetic testing kit
AgricultureGMOs Genetically
modified organismsBT-corn(named after
Bacillus thruringiensis) is a form of sweet corn that has been genetically modified to include an insect-killing gene The farmer doesn't have
to spray with pesticides, because the insects die from eating the corn.
Tomatoes-GM tomatoes don't rot as quickly as regular tomatoes, so they can tolerate longer periods of transportation
Identification and AncestryForensics
311 formally incarcerated people have been freed by Project Innocent
Over 2000 according to CNN
Ancestral lineage
National geographic genographic project traces the migration patterns of people’s ancestors
Animal geneticsAll dogs are
descendants of wolvesTraits selected for
different reasons and bred for resulted in all the breeds we know now.
Cows are altered so that they produce more milk
Goats that produce milk with pharmaceutics (Drugs)
EvolutionGenetics have aided in the discovery of
missing links in the evolution of mankind and other forms of life
Exit SlipStarting with “Today I learned that…” write
down something specific you learned today.