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D.N.A• Describe how you would go about
genetically engineering a bacterium to produce human epidermal growth factor (EGF), a protein used in treating burns. Use the following vocabulary words: DNA ligage, E.coli, plasmids, restriction enzymes
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CLASSWORK
• Chapter 10 Review (1-7)• Chapter 11 Review (1-8)• Chapter 12 Review (1-9)
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Protein Synthesis Jeopardy
Biotechnology Transcription RNA Processing Translation Mutations
10 10 10 10 10
20 20 20 20 20
30 30 30 30 30
40 40 40 40 40
50 50 50 50 50
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This is used to cut DNA at a specific location for splicing
RESTRICTION ENZYME
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This occurs when DNA in which genes from different sources are combined
Recombinant DNA
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A small piece of bacterial DNA used for gene transfer
Plasmid
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Electrophoresis is use to…1 2 3 4
Separate fragments of DNA
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A. A place where a restriction enzyme cuts DNA
B. A chart that traces the family history of a genetic trait
C. A nucleotide sequence near a particular gene
D. A radioactive probe used to find a geneE. An enzyme used to cut DNA
A genetic marker is…
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This is the site of transcription in eukaryotes.
Inside the nucleus
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This is the enzyme that carries out the process of transcribing RNA from the DNA molecule
RNA polymerase
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Before leaving the nucleus as mRNA, extra nucleotides are added to the ends of the transcript, and noncoding regions called ______ are removed
INTRONS
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A sequence of 3 bases on mRNA is also known as this.
CODON
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This is the transcribed mRNA sequence for the following DNA strand:
‘3 T A C G A A 5’
A U G C U U
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These types of cells do NOT undergo RNA processing
PROKARYOTE
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These are the respective names of the protective segments added onto the 5’ leader and 3’ trailer end of the mRNA
Cap and Tail
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These are the respective names of coding and non-coding segments of the pre-mRNA
Intron and Exons
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This is the cutting and pasting process in which coding sequence is put together
RNA splicing
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These are RNA molecules that act like enzymes and catalyze some RNA splicing
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This is the site of translation in all cells
RIBOSOME
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Translation of the “words” of the mRNA message into the ____________ sequence of a protein
Amino acids
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During the process of translation, _______ matches a nucleic acid codon with the proper amino acid
Transfer RNA
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This is the name for the 3 bases on the bottom of the tRNA molecule
ANTICODON
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Explain the translocation step of TRANSLATION
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Explain what base substitution is and give an example of a disease that is caused by this type of mutation
Replacement of one nucleotide with another – sickle cell anemia
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Adding or the deletion of nucleotides may alter the ____________ (triplet grouping) of the message
Reading frame
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What type of frameshift mutation is seen below?
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Imagine an error occurring during DNA replication in a cell, so that where there is supposed to be a T in one of the genes there is instead a G. What effect will this probably have on the cell?
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Which type of mutation – a base substitution or a base deletion is likely to have the greatest effect on the organism? Why?