Download - Distillation_crude oil.pdf
-
8/17/2019 Distillation_crude oil.pdf
1/1
Crude oil
Condenser
Atmosphericgas oil
Crude tower
bottoms (SRAR)
Diesel
Kerosene
Heavystraight runnaphtha
Lightstraight runnaphtha
Butane andlightercomponents
Heater
Reboiler
Valve traysA variety of tray designs are used to
improve the separation process in a
distillation column. In this system, the
vapour rises through valves set into each
tray to enhance contact with the liquid
flowing over it. Unvapourised liquid
cascades over a weir onto the next level
down.
Crude oil distillationA distillation column partially vapourises liquid feedstock so that the resulting gas and liquid
components can be separated. The column contains a number of stages, called trays, to achieve
a higher degree of separation. Vapour rises up the column, bubbling through the liquid cascading
down the column from tray to tray. Lighter, lower boiling point components tend to be driven
upwards until they reach a level where the pressure and temperature is similar to their own.
Similarly, heavier, higher boiling point components are driven down the column. Consequently,
vapour becomes richer in lighter components as it rises while liquid becomes richer in heavycomponents as it descends, resulting in overall separation of the feedstock.
Valve
Trays
Liquiddowncomer
Weir
Distillationcolumn wall