Download - Disease Study CHAIM
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Requirements for RLE Area: BDH-OPD/ER
Disease Study: Poisoning (Rat poisoning in Humans)
Submitted by:
Herrera, Christian Chaim D.C.
Guelas, Paula Monique
Gonzales, Laureen
Lapus, Cristan
Maniego, Jemellee
BSN III-C Group 8
Submitted to:
Mrs. Lydia Gonzales, RN, MSN
Date Submitted:
April 13, 2012
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Requirements for RLE Area: BDH-OPD/ER
Disease Study: Poisoning (Rat poisoning in Humans)
BSN III-C Group 8
DEFINITION:Poisoning/Poisonanything that kills, injures, harms the human body
through its chemical actions/effect. This involves highly toxic substance/
chemicals not meant for human ingestion
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS: **present on our client. Some poisons causes
o Pupil dilation or constrictiono Excessive drooling or**dry moutho Increase HR or decrease HRo **Restless or sedatedo Bradypneic or tachypneico Hypotension or hypertension
CAUSES: Food Drug Industrial Chemicals
o Petroleum Products (Gasoline, kerosene)o Pesticides and Rodenticides (RAT POISON)
Rat poison Contains ZINC PHOSPHIDE that has an effect on the
rodents GIT, releasing phosphine gas.
PHOSPHINE GAS, in humans, targets its respiratory tractand function. Which in turn makes a person dyspneic,
and experience chest tightness EFFECTS ON HUMAN:
o GI nausea and vomiting, hematemesiso Bleeding Vit.Ko Dizziness,Lethargydirect result of blood thiningo Respiratory Distresso Death
EXAMS & TESTS: History taking
o Includes medications/drug/chemical being ingested,o Psychiatric history or emotional incapacities to suggest an
intentional ingestion (suicidal tendencies)
Physical Assessment Toxicology Blood Tests ECG some has an effect on the electroconductivity of the heart
TREATMENT / MANAGEMENT:-depending on the specific type of ingested poison.
1. Syrup of Ipecac GI irritant that Induces vomiting of ingested toxin CAUTION: not to be given:
i. If the ingested subs is acidic/corrosive/petroleum productsii. To patients having seizure, convulsions or is unconscious
(ASPIRATION)
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Requirements for RLE Area: BDH-OPD/ER
Disease Study: Poisoning (Rat poisoning in Humans)
BSN III-C Group 8
2. Activated Charcoal Can be swallowed or via NGT Used to absorb the toxins in the stomach preventing its spread. It is secreted through feces.**if BOTH Ipecac and Activated Charcoal is being recommended,
Give first the Ipecac After 30mins or until vomiting stops, then give Activated
Charcoal
3. Gastric Lavage / Stomach Flushing done by the doctor via NGT Purposes:
i. Controlling GI Bleedingii. Cleanse the stomach
Precautioni.
Remove dentures or anything that may obstruct theairway
Risks/Possible Complications:i. Aspiration Pneumoniaii. GI Bleedingiii. Hypoxiaiv. Mechanical Injuryv. Laryngospasm
Caution/Contraindications:i. Not to be done:
1. If the ingested subs is acidic/corrosive/petroleumproducts
2. To patients having seizure, convulsions or isunconscious
Procedure:i. NGT insertionii. Instil saline/water via asepto syringeiii. Flush, and re-instil fluid until clear.
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES: Assess vital signs (hypotension/hypertension) Assess risk for aspiration Check and Maintain airway patency Check for fluid & electrolyte imbalances Supportive measures:
If the patient is agitated/hallucinatingSEDATE If respiratory compromised - VENTILATE