Download - Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking
![Page 1: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Agenda
Introducing the Digital Technologies Curriculum
The three Ways Of Thinking
Computational Thinking
Design Thinking
Systems Thinking
Summary and questions
2
N
![Page 3: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is Digital Technologies?
● Not just ICT.
3
N
![Page 4: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is Digital Technologies?
● A learning area for F-10.
4
N
![Page 5: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Digital Technologies vs ICT
5
N
bit.ly/VCAAposter
Posters from the
Victorian Curriculum and
Assessment Authority (VCAA)digitaltechnologieshub.edu.au/teachers/australian-curriculum
Posters and videos at
Digital Technologies Hub
Access from the VCAA website.
![Page 6: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Digital Technologies vs ICT
6
N
aca.edu.au/resources/dt-vs-ict-cards
Card activity from
Australian Computing Academy
![Page 7: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
N
victoriancurriculum.vcaa.vic.edu.au
/technologies/digital-technologiesaustraliancurriculum.edu.au
/f-10-curriculum/technologies
/digital-technologies
![Page 9: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
POLL and DISCUSSION
Which Way of Thinking do you know the most about?
or Which is most used at your school?
9
C
![Page 10: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Computational Thinking
The steps for making an algorithmic solution to a
problem.
"Coming up with a solution that a computer could carry
out."
10
C
![Page 11: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Computational Thinking 1
● Decomposition
○ Breaking down a complex problem or system into smaller, more manageable parts
○ Related Vocabulary: deconstruct, reimagine, divide,
reorganise
■ Analogy of completing a puzzle
■ We create a list of smaller jobs to do as we are
working on a puzzle. We work in different sections,
then connecting the smaller areas.11
C
![Page 12: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Computational Thinking 2
● Pattern Recognition
○ When you look for recurring themes, similarities which
lead to predictions or short cuts
○ Related Vocabulary: group, identify, name, sort
■ Look for pieces of the style that will fit that puzzle
piece
■ Look for similar colours
12
C
![Page 13: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Computational Thinking 3
● Abstraction
○ Focusing on the important information only, ignoring irrelevant detail
○ Related Vocabulary: Represent, refocus, generalise
decomplexify
■ Completing the puzzle at the beginning we start on
the border. We only look for flat edge pieces.
13
C
![Page 14: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Computational Thinking 4
● Algorithm Design
○ Developing a step-by-step solution to the problem, or the rules to follow to solve the problem
○ Related Vocabulary: sequence, code, flowchart
■ What is the process you take to complete a puzzle?
What actions/ steps are repeated?
14
C
![Page 15: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Primary Years exampleC
15
![Page 16: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Secondary Years exampleN
Number guessing game
● Make notes - break down the problem
● Do a flowchart or pseudocode - plan out the
algorithm, look for patterns and do abstraction
● Code - use a General Purpose Language
16
![Page 17: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
● User thinks of a number between 1 and 100.
● Computer takes a guess.
● User types 'lower' or 'higher'.
● Computer keeps guessing until it gets the right number.
What does the computer need to keep in memory?
![Page 18: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Display “Think of a number...”● User thinks of a number
between 1 and 100.
● Computer takes a guess.
● User types 'lower' or 'higher'.
● Computer keeps guessing until it gets the right number.
What does the computer need to keep in memory?
![Page 19: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19
Display “Think of a number...”bottom ← 0top ← 100
● User thinks of a number between 1 and 100.
● Computer takes a guess.
● User types 'lower' or 'higher'.
● Computer keeps guessing until it gets the right number.
What does the computer need to keep in memory?
![Page 20: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20
Display “Think of a number...”bottom ← 0top ← 100REPEAT forever
guess ← average of bottom and topDisplay “Is it “, guess, “?”
END REPEAT
● User thinks of a number between 1 and 100.
● Computer takes a guess.
● User types 'lower' or 'higher'.
● Computer keeps guessing until it gets the right number.
What does the computer need to keep in memory?
![Page 21: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21
Display “Think of a number...”bottom ← 0top ← 100REPEAT forever
guess ← average of bottom and topDisplay “Is it “, guess, “?”response ← user inputIf response = 'lower'
top← guessELSE
bottom ← guessEND IF
END REPEAT
● User thinks of a number between 1 and 100.
● Computer takes a guess.
● User types 'lower' or 'higher'.
● Computer keeps guessing until it gets the right number.
What does the computer need to keep in memory?
![Page 22: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The final program might look like:
22
N
repl.it/@NathanAlison/NumberGuessingGame
![Page 23: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
It's also about data!
23
N
pudding.cool/2017/08/screen-direction
![Page 24: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
More resourcesN
● Bebras Computational Thinking challenges
● Coding
○ Tangible: eg. Beebot, Osmo
○ Visual: eg. Scratch, code.org, Grok Learning
○ General Purpose: eg. Python, JavaScript
○ Electronics and robotics: eg. micro:bit, Lego, Vex
24
bit.ly/3wayslinks
![Page 25: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
WORD CLOUD
What is your key takeaway for Computational Thinking?
25
N
![Page 26: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Design Thinking
Employing a creative process to
understand a problem or opportunity,
then imagine and design a solution.
27
N
![Page 27: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Stanford d.school Design Thinking Process
28
C
CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0 Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford University
![Page 28: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Stanford d.school Design Thinking Process
29
C
CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0 Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford University
EMPAT
HIZE
Develop an
understanding
of the
challenge
Who is my target
audience?
![Page 29: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Stanford d.school Design Thinking Process
30
C
CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0 Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford University
EMPAT
HIZE
DEFINE
Develop an
understanding
of the
challenge
Clearly
articulate the
problem you
want to solve
Who is my target
audience?
What problem am
I solving?
![Page 30: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Stanford d.school Design Thinking Process
31
C
CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0 Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford University
EMPAT
HIZE
DEFINE
IDEATE
Develop an
understanding
of the
challenge
Clearly
articulate the
problem you
want to solve
Who is my target
audience?
What problem am
I solving?
Brainstorm
potential
solutions;
select and
develop your
solution.
How many solutions
can I come up with?
![Page 31: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Stanford d.school Design Thinking Process
32
C
CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0 Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford University
EMPAT
HIZE
DEFINE
IDEATE
PROTO
TYPEDevelop an
understanding
of the
challenge
Clearly
articulate the
problem you
want to solve
Who is my target
audience?
What problem am
I solving?
Brainstorm
potential
solutions;
select and
develop your
solution.
How many solutions
can I come up with?
Design a
prototype (or
series of
prototypes)
to test all or
part of your
solution
What materials can I
Use to create a
prototype?
![Page 32: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Stanford d.school Design Thinking Process
33
C
CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0 Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford University
EMPAT
HIZE
DEFINE
IDEATE
PROTO
TYPE
TEST
Develop an
understanding
of the
challenge
Clearly
articulate the
problem you
want to solve
Brainstorm
potential
solutions;
select and
develop your
solution.
Engage in a
continuous
short-cycle
innovation
process to
continually
improive your
design
Design a
prototype (or
series of
prototypes)
to test all or
part of your
solution
Who is my target
audience?
What problem am
I solving?
How many solutions
can I come up with?
What materials can I
Use to create a
prototype?
What improvements
can be made?
![Page 33: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Primary Years ExampleC
● Design an app to keep you healthy.
● Incorporated into a Health Unit.
● Year 5 and 6 Curriculum Focus.
● Students had already investigated
different ways to stay healthy.
● Students chose one of the ways then
designed to help their needs.
● Examples: mental health app, sprinting
app, buddy app etc.
34
![Page 34: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Problem Solving Methodology
● Analyse
● Design
● Develop
● Evaluate
35
N
![Page 35: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Problem Solving Methodology
● Analyse○ What is the problem or need? For whom? In what environment?
○ What are the goals and scope of the solution?
● Design
● Develop
● Evaluate
36
N
![Page 36: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Problem Solving Methodology
● Analyse○ What is the problem or need? For whom? In what environment?
○ What are the goals and scope of the solution?
● Design○ What is the solution? How will it work? How will it be used?
○ How will I know that the solution solved the problem or need?
● Develop
● Evaluate
37
N
![Page 37: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Problem Solving Methodology
● Analyse○ What is the problem or need? For whom? In what environment?
○ What are the goals and scope of the solution?
● Design○ What is the solution? How will it work? How will it be used?
○ How will I know that the solution solved the problem or need?
● Develop○ Making, coding, testing.
● Evaluate
38
N
![Page 38: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Problem Solving Methodology
● Analyse○ What is the problem or need? For whom? In what environment?
○ What are the goals and scope of the solution?
● Design○ What is the solution? How will it work? How will it be used?
○ How will I know that the solution solved the problem or need?
● Develop○ Making, coding, testing.
● Evaluate○ How well did the solution solve the problem or need?
○ What are the impacts?
Planning /
project
management
39
N
![Page 40: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Secondary Years exampleN
● Physical tech project with the BBC micro:bit.
Physical Tech from Go to WHOA! (Alison and Dedic, 2019)
41
sites.google.com/dltv.vic.edu.au/physicaltech
![Page 41: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
OPEN QUESTION
● Come up with a How Might We? Question.
POINTS OF VIEW:
Jim is tired of tidying away Lego that his daughter
Patti constantly leaves on the floor.
Patti is frustrated that her dad keeps dumping all her
Lego bricks in one big box.
42
![Page 42: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
43
CC
-BY
-NC
-SA
4.0
Ha
sso
Pla
ttn
er
Inst
itu
te o
f D
esi
gn
at
Sta
nfo
rd U
niv
ers
ity
![Page 43: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
More resourcesN
● Other design methodologies to consider:
○ British Design Council's "Double Diamond"
○ IDEO's Human Centred Design approach
44
bit.ly/3wayslinks
![Page 44: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
List the functions of your
smartphone (ie. the things it
can do).
45
![Page 45: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Now list the hardware and
software components in the
smartphone.
46
![Page 46: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Systems Thinking
47
"Big picture" thinking: connections and dependencies.
image CC-BY-SA Luca Fornasari (Wikimedia Commons)
![Page 47: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
NExamples of Systems Thinking problems
● Bringing in a new online system at a school:
○ How to get student accounts to integrate?
○ Will it work on the hardware?
○ What about security?
● Ecology and biology - food webs, the human body
○ What happens if an organism is removed from the system?
○ What happens if a foreign organism is added?
48
![Page 48: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
● Climate change science
○ The atmosphere is part of a very complex system!
○ Positive / negative feedback loops
● COVID-19
○ Job losses can make for more job losses
○ Economy and epidemiology aren't so separate...
49
NExamples of Systems Thinking problems
![Page 49: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
50
"You think, because you understand 'one',
that you must therefore understand 'two'
because one and one make two.
But you forget that you must also understand 'and'."
- Sufi teaching
![Page 50: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
More resourcesN
51
bit.ly/3wayslinks
from Systems Thinking Design Pack, CC-BY-NC-SA Institute of Play
![Page 51: Digital Technologies: The 3 Ways of Thinking](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022011810/61d478e7ab3c3801ae707704/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Thank you!
Questions?
52