![Page 1: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES
Prepared by,
Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)
![Page 2: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is DSL??? A modem technology that uses existing
twisted-pair telephone lines to transport high-bandwidth data
Run on regular copper phone wires which is a direct dedicated connection between PC and the phone company central office
Make use of previously unused bandwidth on the phone line
![Page 3: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Figure 1: General Overview of DSL
![Page 4: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Figure 2: Signals in Copper Phone Line
![Page 5: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Basic Requirements Require 10BaseT Ethernet card Basic home DSL lines can connect to
regular analog phones to RJ-11 jacks POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service)
splitter can also be used.
![Page 6: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Advantages Fast Doesn’t tie up to phone line Always on Reliable Use the phone line A router, with DSL modem, allows up to
eight computers to access the Internet over a single DSL line.
![Page 7: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Far cheaper Flexible and scalable, ideal for growing
business computer networks Enable users to work from home, listen to
streaming audio or watch streaming video while working on your computer.
![Page 8: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Disadvantages DSL connection works better when user is
closer to the provider's central office The connection is faster for receiving data
than it is for sending data over the Internet The service is not available everywhere
![Page 9: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Network Access Provider Benefits Do not need to install more copper or lay down
miles of expensive fiber Eliminate providers' need to constantly upgrade
their pricey Class 5 switch installations DSL bypasses the Class 5 switch for data-only
calls, so access providers can accept more traffic without investing in a huge switch upgrade
Voice and data paths are separated
![Page 10: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
By keeping costs low, service providers can make money off the traditionally low-margin business of providing Internet access.
![Page 11: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
DSL User Benefits Can experience high-speed Web browsing and
can send and receive large documents Provide a cost-effective way for telecommuters
and branch offices to access the corporate network, provisioned via secure virtual private network services
Improve the quality and reduce the cost of communications among employees via videoconferencing
![Page 12: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Types of DSLAsymmetrical DSL (ADSL) offers high-speed digital service and analog voice
service over a local loop. An ADSL line is for the exclusive use of each
customer so there is no contention for bandwidth on that loop.
ADSL transfers data as far as 18,000 feet over copper wire at a rate of 7 Mbps on the downlink and 1 Mbps on the uplink.
![Page 13: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
High Bit Rate DSL (HDSL) Provide for T1 service on copper wire. Deliver T1 service at a DS1 rate over a
four-wire loop of two twisted pairs. Most established DSL technologies Offer full duplex speeds at a DS1 (1.544
Mbps) rate or 2Mbps over 3 phone lines. Transfer data up to 12,000 feet (can be
longer if repeatered).
![Page 14: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
High Bit-Rate DSL II (HDSL II) Offer the same performance as HDSL, but over a
single phone line.
ISDN DSL (IDSL) Hybrid of DSL and ISDN technologies Used for long duration Internet and remote Local
Area Network (LAN) access. Dedicated to data – does not support switched
voice service. Same data encoding technique as of ISDN
devices
![Page 15: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Offers full duplex speed of 128 Kbps. Transfer data up to 18,000 feet.
Symmetric DSL (SDSL) Non standard version of HDSL with Plain Old
Telephone Service (POTS). Forerunner to HDSL II. Can be done using only one phone line Full duplex rates are limited to 384 Kbps for an
18,000-foot loop. DS1 speeds can be reached on a shorter (10,000-foot) loop.
![Page 16: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Very high bit-rate DSL (VDSL) Faster cousin of ADSL. VDSL provides for the
transmission over copper of both digital data and analog voice.
Currently fastest DSL technology Currently in its experimental phase. VDSL works at speeds as high as 52 Mbps down
and 1.5 to 2.3 Mbps up. VDSL operates over much shorter distances,
achieving top speed over only 1000 feet of copper wire.
![Page 17: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Rate Adaptive Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (RADSL)
Operates at the same bandwidths as ADSL. Additional capability of adjusting
bandwidth to the quality of the phone line during the data transmission, instead of just once at the start of the connection.
Up to 7Mbps downstream and up to 1.5 Mbps upstream.
![Page 18: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Equipment Description
Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) Splitter
Enables analog voice services to be carried simultaneously on the same line as digital data services. Allows the voice signal to be routed to the existing voice switch.
DSL Modem DSL transmission unit that engages in physical layer negotiations between the remote location and the CO.
DSL Access Multiplexer (DSLAM)
Aggregates DSL-based signals.
Element Management System
Hardware and software that make remote access and management possible
Provider Equipment
![Page 19: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Consumer EquipmentEquipment Description
Network Interface Card (NIC)
Electronic circuitry that connects a workstation (computer) the network. Works to transmit and receive messages.
DSL Modem DSL transmission unit that engages in physical layer negotiations between the remote location and the CO
POTS Splitter Enables analog voice services to be carried simultaneously on the same line as digital data services. Allows the voice signal to be routed to the existing voice switch.
Network Interface Device (NID)
Device wired between a telephone protector and the interior customer wiring to isolate customer equipment from the network.
![Page 20: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Figure 3: DSL Network Architecture
![Page 21: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Figure 4: Single Computer Connection
![Page 22: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Figure 5: Multi Computer Connection
![Page 23: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Figure 6: Multiple Computers with Software Proxy Server
![Page 24: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Figure 7: Multiple Computers With Router/ Firewall
![Page 25: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Figure 8: Multiple Computers Using A Routed Subnet
![Page 26: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Asymmetric DSL (ADSL) ADSL is a new broadband communication
technology that creates high-speed access to the Internet and remote networks using the phone lines that are already present in your home. ADSL is superior to analog modems in many respects.
![Page 27: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
DSL’s Speed Full-rate ADSL has the potential to deliver data at
speeds up to 8 Megabits per second G.Lite ADSL can deliver up to 1.5 Megabits per
second during downloads. This is 25 times faster than a 56K modem, and 50 times faster than a 28.8K modem!
Service providers will also offer slower rates (from 256 Kbps and up) at lower costs
![Page 28: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Types of ADSL Full-rate ADSL Universal ADSL (G.lite)
![Page 29: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Full-rate ADSL Data rates ranging from 1.5 to 8 Mbps
“downstream” from the Internet “Upstream” data rates from PC to the
Internet are as high as 1 Mbps Potential data rates decrease with increased
distance from the phone company’s CO (central office)
Costs for the service are more expensive than “G.Lite” ADSL
![Page 30: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
G.Lite ADSL G.Lite ADSL is a scaled-down version that
delivers up to 1.5 Mbps downstream and 384 Kbps up
Service providers will offer slower rates for lower prices
Less expensive than full-rate ADSL Easier to install
![Page 31: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Splitter vs. Splitterless Full-rate ADSL requires that a device, known as a
splitter, be installed on the phone line where it enters a home in order to separate the voice service from the data service
G.Lite ADSL will not usually require a splitter, although some homes with problematic wiring or certain types of telephones will require one.
![Page 32: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
DSL In Malaysia
"tmnet streamyx" service is supported by DSL Types of DSL technology chosen to support
tmnet streamyx are ADSL, SDSL and GLite DSL An ADSL system basically consists of two parts
i.e. the Central Office (CO) which is located at the exchange building and the other, Remote Termination Unit (RTU) at subscriber's premise which are connected via an existing pair of copper telephone lines.
![Page 33: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Figure 9: TM Net Streamyx Basic Network Configuration
![Page 34: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
The Central Office (CO) for ADSL consists of two types of chassis.
The first chassis is the ADSL unit for modem cards and control card while the second chassis is for the POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) splitter.
The Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) for ADSL also consists of POTS splitter and ADSL modem.
![Page 35: DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) ADVANCES Prepared by, Pow Jun Jiang (EE 071271)](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062516/56649e3f5503460f94b2f78b/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Conclusion ADSL provides a new way to use
existing phone lines. It’s faster! It’s always on! Voice and data on one line at the
same time! ADSL is the best way to get online!