Download - Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed
![Page 1: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
The term morphology refers to the description of the properties of
shape and structure of any objects. Operations of mathematical
morphology were originally defined as operations on sets, but it
soon became clear that they are also useful in the processing tasks
of the set of points in the two-dimensional space. Sets in
mathematical morphology represent objects in the image. It is easy
to see that the set of all background pixels of binary image is one of
the options for a full description.
Mathematical morphology is used to extract some properties of the
image, useful for its presentation and descriptions. For example,
contours, skeletons and convex hulls. Also morphological methods
are used in the preliminary and final image processing. For
example, morphological filtering, thickening or thinning.
![Page 2: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
Reflection and translation
![Page 3: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
Basic Operations: union, intersection, complement, difference
Input Images
A B
C = A ∪ B C = A ∩ B C = Ac C = A\B
![Page 4: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
The input data for the mathematical
morphology are the two images: the
processed image and a structural
element.
Typically, a structural element is much
smaller than the processed. The shape of
the structured element can be arbitrary,
as long as it can be represented as a
binary image of a given size.
Structural Element
![Page 5: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
The structural element, S, is applied to all pixels of binary image.
Every time the origin of the structural element is combined with a
single binary pixel, the entire structural element is wrapped and
subsequent alteration of the corresponding pixels of binary image.
The results of logical addition is written into the output binary image,
which was originally initialized to zero.
![Page 6: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
Erosion
For erosion, the structural element passes through all pixels of the
image. The pixel corresponds to the reference of the structure element
is turned on if the entire structure element falls with foreground area
(pixels).
![Page 7: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
Erosion examples
![Page 8: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
Erosion examples
Image (486486) eroded using
squared structured element of
size 1111, 1515, 4545,
![Page 9: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 10: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
Dilation example
![Page 11: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 12: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 13: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 14: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 15: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
Hit-or-Miss Transformation
![Page 16: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
Boundary Extraction
![Page 17: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
Hole Filling
![Page 18: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 19: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 20: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 21: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 22: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 23: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 24: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 25: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 26: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 27: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 28: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 29: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 30: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 31: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 32: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 33: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 34: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 35: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 36: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 37: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing
![Page 38: Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022021209/62063b9d8c2f7b173005b1ee/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Digital Image Processing, 3rd ed.
www.ImageProcessingPlace.com
© 1992–2008 R. C. Gonzalez & R. E. Woods
Gonzalez & Woods
Chapter 9 Morphological Image Processing