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Digital Convergence Digital Convergence Technology & InnovationTechnology & Innovation
Seoul National Univ.Prof. JunSeok Hwang
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What is Convergence?What is Convergence?
• “The act of converging and esp. moving toward union or uniformity”
• “Using one medium not multiple”• Technological view (“clean slate”)
Everything can be reengineered to provide better and flexible service to users.
• Business view Strategic alliance / joint-venture / merger In order to operate more efficiently
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Convergence Layers in Convergence Layers in TelecommunicationsTelecommunications
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Rephrasing the convergence layersRephrasing the convergence layers
• Transport (Physical Layer) Wireless / Wire
• Switching (Data Link / Network Layer) PSTN / IP / ATM
• Content (Application Layer) Voice / Music / Video
• Telecom/IT (Computing and Processing Layer) P2P / GRID
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Driving forces of convergenceDriving forces of convergence
• Economics Lowering Costs Simplified Provisioning Easier Management and less Maintenance More rapid provisoning
• Convenience / Solicitation Fewer user interface Integrated consumer
• Market Improved service New services
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Challenges to convergenceChallenges to convergence
• The need to change infrastructure • Different regulatory framework• Uncertain economics• User adoption and adaptation • Protocol, Standard, and Compatibility• Cultural / Professional Gap• Migration from interoperability• Unproven reliability and availability
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Transport Level of ConvergenceTransport Level of Convergence
• ISDN • ADSL • DPL• FTTH• Cable• Wireless / WLL / SDR• Satellite
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Switching LevelSwitching Level
• POP / Gateway • PSTN
Line SS7
• IP QoS ENUM Interconnection
• ATM
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Content levelContent level
• Ownership IPR / DRM Security
• Media standard
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Computing / Processing levelComputing / Processing level
• Resource sharing / utilization File sharing Korea@home GRID
• Unified messaging• ASP • Utility computing
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Convergence Convergence Paradigm Paradigm
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Convergence Paradigm in Telecommunication IndustryConvergence Paradigm in Telecommunication Industry
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Convergence and DivergenceConvergence and Divergence
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First Generation ConvergenceFirst Generation Convergence ((Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)
• Technology Parks Telephones communicate Televisions entertain Radios play music Computers process data Terminals process words Calculators do math
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Second Generation Convergence Second Generation Convergence ((Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)
• Broad market Tools goes digital and move to the IP and Web Your PC plays data, words, music, audio,
video and allows you to interact, communicate, play
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Third Generation Convergence Third Generation Convergence ((Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)
• The tools get personal Your PCS phone lets you pick up e-mail,
check stock quotes, get tickled by your calendar, and, even talk!
Your PDA lets you access your files and the web and more
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Fourth Generation ConvergenceFourth Generation Convergence((Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)Stephen Abram, Convergence2000)
• The tools move seamlessly into our lives - work & play
• Like the computers in your car you just won’t know they’re there
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Convergence Industry trendsConvergence Industry trends
• Technology Innovations New communications media Improvements in signal processing
• Increased competition among service providers “Everybody in everyone else’s business” Proliferation of services, vendors, choices, prices
• Realignment: mergers, acquisitions, partnerships, etc.
• Deregulation New mandate for incumbents Open access of cable broadband network Local competition Removal of cross ownership rule Managed by market power
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Table of Contents
Digital Convergence & Innovation
Five Convergence Technology
Conclusion
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Digital Convergence & InnovationⅠ
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Digital Convergence Digital Convergence (1)(1)
Digital Convergence
Informatio
n
Processing
Comm
unication
Media & Entertainment
Computer Science
Telecommunication
Cinema, Radio, TV …
Games
cd-romCable
Brocadcast.
net
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Digital Convergence(2)Digital Convergence(2)
Mobile Phone Home
Appliance
Banking
Game
IPTV
PC
TV
Car
Telematics
Mobile Game
DMB
Grid
Camera Phone
Mobile Banking
HomeNetwork
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Why.. Innovation ? Why.. Innovation ?
(Convergence Future Forecasting with Innovation)
• Applying Innovation Theory to Convergence Circumstance
- Technology Innovation makes Convergence
- Innovation Theory can be applied to explain an IT Industry Structure
Convergence Innovation
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Innovation’s meaning & ProcessInnovation’s meaning & Process
Idea
Invention
InnovationInnovation
Human Resources
Human Resources
MarketMarket
Industrial Setup
Industrial Setup
Production Structure
Production Structure
Technology Regime Policy Regime
INNOVATION
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Innovation in terms of Technology, Social System and Innovation in terms of Technology, Social System and PolicyPolicy
Technology Innovation Process
New Tech. for Niche Markets
Selected by Social and Policy value
Innovation in terms of Economic and Social Welfare
Incubation and Development
Development by large scaled investment
( By. Geels )
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User-driven InnovationUser-driven Innovation
( By. Von Hippel )
User-dominated User-dominated stepssteps
1 432
Significant instrument
Improvement invented,
Built, and used by
User.
Instrument company
Introduces commercial
Version.
A few users (or a few
Dozen) build their own
Instrument.
User diffuses results and
How-to-do-it information
Through publication,
Symposia, visits, etc.
Manufacturer roleManufacturer role
InventiveUser
Other users ask instrument
Companies when a commercial
Version will be available
Commercializing
Instrument
company
Invention, Prototyping Information diffusion Precommercial replication
and use
Commercial
Manufacture and Sale
Primary Actor
Innovation Process
Details
IdentifyNeed
Research/ Development
Apply/commercialize
Diffuse Innovation
Build Prototype
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ATGATG
(Affluence, Technology, Globalization)(Affluence, Technology, Globalization)
1818thth century century 1919thth century century 2020thth century century 2121thth century century
AGRICULTURE AGE
(farmers)
INDUSTRIAL AGE
(factory workers)
INFORMATION AGE
(knowledge workers)
CONCEPTUAL AGE
(creators and empathizers)
Labor / Capital Tech. / Demand
Institution/ Diversity User
Future Forecasting by Convergence and Future Forecasting by Convergence and InnovationInnovation
Smart Mob ..!!!
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Five Convergence TechnologyⅡ
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Service Network Convergence
Distribution of Digital Cotents & DRM
Access Network Convergence
Management of Resource
Setop Box / Terminal Technology
Five Convergence Technology
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• BcN– Broadband Converged Network tha
t can provide communication, broadcasting, internet at the ubiquitous circumstances.
– By 2010, 10 million user who use 50~100Mbps service will be joined.Facility market 26000 billion dollarExport : 13.5 billion dollar are expected
BcN Concept
Each Stage
Service Network Convergence ( 1 )
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Coupling of On-Off LineService
Coupling of On-Off LineService
Both DirectionCommunication
Both DirectionCommunicationImage Distribution ServiceImage Distribution Service
DMB Platform Stage
TV divided mass media
DMB Settop platfom Stage Both directional TV compatible with mass media
Home Operation Platform Stage on- , off- line serviced is converged
•1st stage : Public Program re-seeing, Education, Entertainment, VOD / weather, real estate
•2nd stage : Remote education, Contents for child/ Home medical care, Game, Info. for inhabitant
•3rd stage : Integrated system for home appliance, Security, Real time remote education and health care
BroadBroadcastincastin
ggVOD/VOD/Cable/Cable/SatelliSatelli
tete
Movie/Drama
VODPublic
Programre-transmission
Contents for
education
VODHealth Care
GPS info.
Settop/Settop/Home PHome P
ortalortal
BothDirectional Education
Both
Directional
Medical
care
Many service for living
T-COMMERCE
T-GOV
T-POLL
HmeNeHmeNetworktwork
Integrating System for
living
Realtime
Remote
Medical Service
Home-
Commerce
Realtime remote
education
•Forecasting the IPTV development
Service Network Convergence ( 2 )
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• Contents : Information Product that user can use information effectively Contents are distributed by Media
(Globalization)
CultureTechnology
Contents(Diversification) (High Risk/Return)
(Convergence)
Characteristics of Contents
Digital Contents Distribution and DRM ( 1 )
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“Culture Industry is the key for Country development in 21st Century. “ -Peter Drucker
• CT(Culture Technology): New field by Culture and Technology
• Currently, DRM (Digital Right Management), other Compressional Tech. and Service
Technology are also included in Culture Technology
• In the future, Culture will be the key for value creation
DigitalTechnology
Power
DigitalTechnology
Power
Competitive PowerCulture
Technology
Culture Technology
Initiativeness&
Imaginary Power
Initiativeness&
Imaginary Power
Digital Contents & Culture Technology
Digital Contents Distribution and DRM ( 2 )
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• Protection of Copyright by Technology• Offering the Trust Structure in Digital Contents Life Cycle
Digital Contents Life Cycle DRM Structure
Digital Contents Distribution and DRM ( 3 )
DRM
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3G
Core Network(All-IP)
Home Networking(UWB, Zigbee)
WLAN/WiBro
DMB
4G?
Access Network (1)
“Access Anytime, Anywhere”
Future Access Network
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Access Network (2)
Broadcasting
Broadcasting
Satellite(S-DMB)
송신탑(T-DMB)
중계기
Portable Terminal
Terminal for Car
ProgramProvider
ProgramProvider
DAB(Digital AudioBroadcasting)
- Digitalization of Radio Broad- Casting- CD Quality
Digital MultimediaBroadcasting
- Personal and Portable broadcastings- Multimedia Service
Digital MultimediaData Broadcasting
- Personalization Differentiation- Data Service
DMB
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Access Network (3)
Wired Wireless
Telephone Cellular
(ADSL,VDSL, HFC) WiBro
WirelessInternet
WirelessLan
Voice
Date
Wireless TerminalConnect on movingUbiquitous Mass Data transfer
WiBro
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Access Network (4)
Tech. & Product
xDSL, Cable,PowerLine, Wireless,
Satelite, FTTH User
Network
HomeGateway
HomeNetwork
Internet Terminal
HomenetworkService
HAVi, IEEE1394,HomeAPI, OSGi
Phone Line, Power Line,HomeRF, IEEE802.11,
Bluetooth
Web Phone,Communication device,
Computing device
Home Automation,Telephony,
Entertainment, Health, Security
PC TV User
HomeNetworking
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Resource Management ( 1 )
Distributed Computing Paradigm
Network ResourceParadigm Shift !!
: Information Ownership is changing into User from Producer
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Source) CERN
•Scalable connectivity of heterogeneous machines
• Intelligent support for User by the massive cooperation
The Future of Internet
Resource Management ( 2 )
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Mobile Phone MP3
PDA
CameraPC
TV
Navigation / AV sys
GPS Phone
Camera MP3P
Satellite DMB
$100 Laptop
Wearable comp.
Smart Phone
MP3 Phone
Set top box
Home- Network
Telematics
Various Terminals in Convergence Age
Terminals & Set-top Box Tech. ( 1 )
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Purpose
MIT Media Lab.
Dissolving “Info. gap”
Supplement by Government
Computers, Access, Educations
Technology
Electronic Ink
Innovative power
WiFi
Basic Spec.
AMD Chip, Linux based
14 inch TFT Monitor
Flash Memory
• Ubiquitous Use
• Mesh Network among Users
Forecasting the outcome of innovation : $100 Laptop (MIT Media Lab)
Terminals & Set-top Box Tech. ( 2 )
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Intelligent Robot HMI, Sensor Controlling
Seamless Positioning, Ubiquitous Navigation
Digital Contents Movie, Music, NewsHomeNetwork Platform ServerDigital TV DMB
Embeded S/W OS, S/W, Platform Mobile Communication Cellular, wireless Lan
Next Generation PC in & output by five sensesIT-SoC Processor, DSP,RF
⊙ Future Technology
Report system of car accident
Auto-Avoiding the car accident
Warning Tech. for sleeping
Lane Keeping Technology
RFID Applied Technology
Network-Connected Car
Telematics Future Tech. : Safe Car for User
Terminals & Set-top Box Tech. ( 3 )
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ConclusionⅢ
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Circumstance making for Tech. Innovation
Speed of Convergence Tech.
Policy for Tech.
Balance is needed !!
Long-term
: Consistent Policy for National development and macro economic view
Short-term
: Catching the User’s Need and Support it for innovation by policy
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Policy Separation (Short-term and Long-term)
Short-term Policy : Increase degree of freedom for user to use and develop new technology by market selection
Long-term Policy : Feedback by the result of short-term policy And by that making a regulation scope and long-term vision
• Asymmetry in each industry and service
: Opportunity is needed for user to use DMB, IPTV, BcN service
• Low degree of freedom in new tech. industry
• User-centered regulation organization is needed
• Considering is needed in terms of National development and Innovation
Applying to
DMB Case
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Tech.
Policy
DevelopmentBy User
InternationalIT
Leader
IT Convergence Technology Development
Short-term and Long Term Policy and Innovation
Test-Bed, Early Adaptor
Vertical Integration
Openness, Modularity
Smart Mob Society
Toward an IT Leader Country
IT Korea
Blue Ocean
Exploitation
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Thank Thank YouYou