Different aged peopleDifferent aged people
Prof. Dr. Jin BQNJNU
Aged periodsAged periods
InfantsPreschool childSchool childAdultElder
§4 Infants Nutrition§4 Infants Nutrition & Food Supplement & Food Supplement
P181-188P181-188
1 Introduction1.1 Birth to face 1th Stress, out of mother 1th Fast growing period(0-3y)
1.2 New Born: Indexes BW: 3.3kg (2-4kg/BW) BH: 50-55cm Chest cycle < Head cycle Survival in 0 day-2 weeks
2 Growth2.1 BW: 6m-old 1y-old 3y-old
6kg 9kg 12-15kg
2.2 BH: 60-65cm 70-80cm 90-100cm
2.3 Three circle: Head, Chest, Arm
Chest = Head Chest > Head
Arm 11cm to 16cm
2.4 Organs:Stomach-V: 30-50ml to 100-200mlTeeth: 20, 4-10m
3 Body composition3 Body composition suppl.suppl.
3.1 Ratio
3.1.1 New born: H2O Fat % 75 12-15
3.1.2 1-yare old: H2O Fat % 60 24
4 Nutritional Requirement4 Nutritional Requirement
4.1 Property: Higher Nutr/Energy density
4.2 EnergyAmount is 3-4 times as adultsCH2O & fat are same important for supplying E
DRIs: 100-200kcal/kg BW + 5kcal/1g BW
CH2O = 5g/kg BW
Fat = 4g/kg BW, 30-45% in GE
Both supply is over 2/3 in GE
4.3 Protein4.3 Protein
Amount is 3-5 times as adults
requires more better protein
1.5-3.0g/kg.BW/d
DRIs: 1.6-2.2g/kg BW by mother’s nursing
3-4g/kg BW by suckling cow milk
8+1 ( Histidine), Lys/1st
1y-old: 35g/d; 2-3y-old: 40g/d
4.4 Fat: 6m-old: 45-50% in GE1y-old: 35-40% in GE2-3y-old: 30-35%
4.5 Carbohydrate: Cereal CH2O Allergy diarrhoea
Amount to be increasing
4.6 Water 120-150ml/kg BW/d Reasons: easy to de-water & help to excrete
4.7 Minerals Ca: 400-600mg/d.pFe: 10mg/d.p in 4mZn: 3-5mg/d.pSe: 15g/d.pI: 40-50 g/d.pNaCl > 6m-old
4.8 Vitamins: A, D, Bcom
5 Feeding methods & principle5 Feeding methods & principle
Nursing (Breast milk)
Formula Milk
Weanling Foods’ Supplement
5.1 Nursing direction 5.1 Nursing direction p184p184
5.1.1 Mother nursing: Breast milk suckling in 24hs
A Composition: Ca & Protein CH2O
B Colostrum: Supply IgA, IgM, Lymph T,
Lactoferrin, Lysozyme et al for improving its immune
5..1.2 Emotion & health for M-I5.1.3 Nursing/Wetting time: 4-10m
A Time & amount
B Supplying sequence
5.2 Formula milk powder5.2 Formula milk powder p186-187p186-187
Principle: Designing for different aged Additiving whey, AA (Lys), FA, lactoce--- Moving out protein, CA, Na, K and Cl from dairy
Application: 0-6m-old & 6-12m-old for Mixture feeding or artificial feeding
Weanling foods: as breast nuring
5.3 Weanling foods 5.3 Weanling foods p185-187p185-187
Dairy milk continouring
• 2nd stress after birth
• Food style change
Liquid half solid solidSimple complex
•Weaning time: 4 -10m old
• Stand up to walk
0-1y-old0-1y-old
Kinds of weanling foods 汁液:蔬菜汁、果汁等 泥:蛋黄、果泥、菜泥、肉泥、肝泥等 羹:蛋羹、鱼羹、肉羹、米糊、面糊等 粥:菜粥、肉粥、鱼粥、肝粥等 烂面条:菜面、肉面、鱼面等 烂饭:菜饭、肉饭、鱼饭等Principle
先单一、低浓度 混合物、较高浓度5-10 天起喂葡萄糖水,避免新生儿黄胆6 月龄前尽量避免用食盐4-6 月龄起注意补充: Fe, Vit.D & A
6 Meals arranging for 1-3y-old infants6 Meals arranging for 1-3y-old infants
Dairy milk: 2-4 cups/d
3 meals + 2-3 snacks
Fruids
Special cooking
Suitable dietary energy supplying with good protein
7 Innutrition/abiotrophy 7 Innutrition/abiotrophy p188p188
Richets
IDA
Zinc deficiency
Protein deficiency