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http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Ambystoma+tigrinum
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Cd~0.2 mg/Kg
CdBelow detection limit
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metamorphosis
paedomorphosis
http://www.disk-world.net/nucleus/media/1/LandUse_LC.jpg
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NDSU Agriculture Research Center, Minot, Summer 2006
MS222, 10% Formalin,70% Ethanol
Dissection, stomach removal, and content analysis
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Larval V.S. Transformed – Significant Difference in Stomach mass and Content
Male V.S. Female – No significant difference
Juvenile V.S. Adult – No significant difference
Head width Stomach Content Mass Snout Vent Length (SVL)
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What They What They EatEat
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Food Profile for Larval Ambystoma tigrinum
Food Profile for Transformed Ambystoma tigrinum
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Food Profile for Larval Ambystoma tigrinum
61.4%
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•~ 400 known species•0.5-3 mm in length•Live in nearly all inland freshwater bodies•Feed on organic material found in sediment particles
R. Brusca &G. Brusca, Invertebrates, second edition, 2003, Sinauer Associates, Inc pp. 522
http://www.microscope-microscope.org/gallery/Mark-Simmons/pages/Cladoceran.htm
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Food Profile for Larval Ambystoma tigrinum
Food Profile for Transformed Ambystoma tigrinum
2.7%
37.2%
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•~ 25,000 known species.•Most are parasitic but some are free-living.•Live in marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments.•Species found were ~15-30 mm in length•The free living forms feed on the fungi and bacterial
R. Brusca &G. Brusca, Invertebrates, second edition, 2003, Sinauer Associates, Inc pp. 351-362
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Food Profile for Larval Ambystoma tigrinum
Food Profile for Transformed Ambystoma tigrinum
15.8%
6.2%
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•Live throughout North America and most commonly found in cool and clear streams. However, is not the case for us, our individuals were in a pond environment.•11-23 mm in length•Filter feeders, feeding fungi and bacteria.
J. Voshell, Jr., A Guide to Common Freshwater Invertebrates of North America, 2002, The McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company pp. 382-383
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Food Profile for Larval Ambystoma tigrinum
Food Profile for Transformed Ambystoma tigrinum
18.5%
5.6%
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•Live throughout North America in light flowing freshwater. •25-50 mm in length•Predatory feeders.J. Voshell, Jr., A Guide to Common Freshwater Invertebrates of North America, 2002, The McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company pp. 305
•Live throughout North America in freshwater in ponds, lakes, marshes, and diches.•30-40 mm in length•Predatory feeders.J. Voshell, Jr., A Guide to Common Freshwater Invertebrates of North America, 2002, The McDonald & Woodward Publishing Company pp. 301-302
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Identify Nematode species Analyze individuals from other ponds
Stomach content of terrestrial individuals
Adequate pond samples
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS