Developing a Project Developing a Project PlanPlan
Chapter 6Chapter 6
Luck favors to a prepared mind…..
Louis Pasteur
Developing a Project PlanDeveloping a Project Plan
The biggest and important part of a project plan is establishing the project network
Project NetworkProject Network
• The project network is the tool for planning, scheduling and monitoring project progress.
• The project network presents a graphic display of the flow and sequence of work through the project
• Provides the basis for scheduling labor and
equipment
• Provides an estimate of the project’s duration
• Provides a basis for budgeting cash flow
• Highlights activities that are “critical” and should
not be delayed
•Help managers get and stay on plan
Project NetworkProject Network• The project networks are developed from the WBS
Project NetworkProject Network• The project networks are developed from the WBS
Project NetworkProject Network• The project networks are developed from the WBS
Project Network - TerminologyProject Network - Terminology
• Activity:Activity: an element of the an element of theproject that requires time.project that requires time.
• Merge activity:Merge activity: an activity an activity that has two or more preceding that has two or more preceding activities on which it depends.activities on which it depends.
• Parallel (concurrent) Parallel (concurrent) activities:activities: Activities that can Activities that can occur at the same time if occur at the same time if desired.desired.
A
C
B D
Project Network - TerminologyProject Network - Terminology
• Path:Path: a sequence of connected, a sequence of connected, dependent activities.dependent activities.
• Critical path:Critical path: the longest path through the longest path through the activity network that allows for the the activity network that allows for the completion of all project-related completion of all project-related activities;activities;
C
A B D
Project Network - TerminologyProject Network - Terminology
Burst activity:Burst activity: an activity that has an activity that has more than one activity immediately more than one activity immediately following it (more than one following it (more than one dependency arrow flowing from it)dependency arrow flowing from it)
B
D
A C
Basic Rules in Developing Project Basic Rules in Developing Project NetworksNetworks
• Networks typically flow from left to right.Networks typically flow from left to right.
• An activity cannot begin until all of its An activity cannot begin until all of its
preceding activities are complete.preceding activities are complete.
• Arrows indicate precedence and flow and can Arrows indicate precedence and flow and can
cross over each other.cross over each other.
• Looping is not allowed.Looping is not allowed.
Basic Rules in Developing Project Basic Rules in Developing Project NetworksNetworks
Basic Rules in Developing Project Basic Rules in Developing Project NetworksNetworks
Project Networks – Prototype ExampleProject Networks – Prototype Example
This project is about preparing initial project plan regarding with building a new business center
Project Networks – Prototype ExampleProject Networks – Prototype ExamplePartial NetworkPartial Network
Project Networks – Prototype ExampleProject Networks – Prototype ExampleComplete NetworkComplete Network
Project Networks – Prototype ExampleProject Networks – Prototype Example
This project is about preparing initial project plan regarding with building a new business center
Project Networks – Prototype ExampleProject Networks – Prototype ExampleNetwork Computation ProcessNetwork Computation Process
• Forward Pass—Earliest TimesForward Pass—Earliest Times• How soon can the activity start? (early start—How soon can the activity start? (early start—
ES)ES)
• How soon can the activity finish? (early finish—How soon can the activity finish? (early finish—EF)EF)
• How soon can the project finish? (expected How soon can the project finish? (expected time-ET)time-ET)
• Backward Pass—Latest TimesBackward Pass—Latest Times
• How late can the activity start? (late start—LS)How late can the activity start? (late start—LS)
• How late can the activity finish? (late finish—How late can the activity finish? (late finish—LF)LF)
• Which activities represent the critical path?Which activities represent the critical path?
• How long can it be delayed? (slack or float—SL)How long can it be delayed? (slack or float—SL)
Project Networks – Prototype ExampleProject Networks – Prototype Example
AAApplication Application approvalapproval
BBConstruction Construction plansplans
CCTraffic Traffic StudyStudy
DDService Service CheckCheck
FFComission Comission approvalapproval
EEStaff ReportStaff Report
GGWait for Wait for ConstructionConstruction
HHOccupancyOccupancy
ESES IDID EEFF
SLSL DescriptionDescription
LSLS DuDurr
LLFF
Project Networks – Prototype ExampleProject Networks – Prototype Example
AAApplication Application approvalapproval
55
BBConstruction Construction plansplans
1155
CCTraffic StudyTraffic Study
1100
DDService Service CheckCheck
55
FFComission Comission approvalapproval
1100
EEStaff ReportStaff Report
1155
GGWait for Wait for ConstructionConstruction
171700
HHOccupancyOccupancy
3355
ESES IDID EEFF
SLSL DescriptionDescription
LSLS DuDurr
LLFF
Prototype ExamplePrototype Example- Forward Pass- Forward Pass
00 AA 55Application Application approvalapproval
55
55 BB 2200
Construction Construction plansplans
115555 CC 11
55Traffic StudyTraffic Study
1100
55 DD 1100
Service CheckService Check
55
2200
FF 3300
Comission Comission approvalapproval
1100
2200
EE 3355
Staff ReportStaff Report
1155
3030 GG 202000
Wait for Wait for ConstructionConstruction
171700
202000
HH 232355
OccupancyOccupancy
3535
ESES IDID EEFF
SLSL DescriptionDescription
LSLS DuDurr
LLFF
Prototype ExamplePrototype Example-Backward Pass-Backward Pass
00 AA 55Application Application approvalapproval
00 55 55
55 BB 2200
Construction Construction plansplans
55 1155
220055 CC 11
55Traffic StudyTraffic Study
1100
1100
2200
55 DD 1100
Service CheckService Check
1155
55 2200
2200
FF 3300
Comission Comission approvalapproval
2200
1100
3300
2020 EE 3535Staff ReportStaff Report
181855
1515 202000
3030 GG 202000
Wait for Wait for ConstructionConstruction
3030 171700
202000
202000
HH 232355
OccupancyOccupancy
202000
3535 232355
ESES IDID EEFF
SLSL DescriptionDescription
LSLS DuDurr
LLFF
Prototype ExamplePrototype Example-Slack (Float)-Slack (Float)
Total SlackThe amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the entire project