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DEPEC Nutrition – WS 3
Prof Dame Louise Robinson
Prof Daniel Reidpath
Dr Mario Siervo
Dr Devi MohanDr Andrea McGrattan
Dr Azizah Hussin
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DePEC nutritional intervention
A study to investigate the feasibility of a mixed-method intervention to
reduce salt intake and increase high-nitrate vegetable consumption in
middle-aged and older Malaysian adults with elevated blood pressure.
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Study setting
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• 24 weeks intervention
• Counselling for modification of diet
– Reduction in salt intake
– Increase in nitrate intake – green leafy vegetables
• Control – general health promotion message based on MOH dietary guideline
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Intervention
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Interventions arms Decrease in dietary
salt consumption
Increase in dietary nitrate
consumption (green leafy
vegetables)
Arm1 (salt reduction) ✓ ×
Arm2 (increase nitrate) × ✓
Arm3 (salt reduction & increase
nitrate)
✓ ✓
Control × ×
5
Older adults aged 50-75 years
Prehypertensive or hypertensive
Four arms
30 * 4= 120 participants
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Primary outcome
• Feasibility of the intervention:
• Participant recruitment and retention
• Appropriateness and validity of data collection processes outcome measures
• Acceptability of intervention by different ethnic group and during different cultural
and religious observances
• Adherence to the intervention - self-reported and objective biomarkers (urinary
nitrate and salt excretion).
• Resource capacity for the management of the intervention
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Outcome of the study
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Outcomes
Secondary outcomes
• Cognitive test performance – MMSE, MoCA (timed trail And B ), – Montreal Cognitive Assessment
(MoCA), Animal Naming , Auditory Verbal Learning Test
• Resting blood pressure
• Body composition: height, weight, waist circumference, body fat
• Physical performance: hand-grip strength, gait speed and timed up and go
• Behaviour change -Adherence to nutritional interventions measured by dietary methods
• Plasma biochemical outcomes monitored including routine biomarkers of cardio-vascular risk
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• Home visit – consent for screening
– Sociodemographic
– Comorbidities
– Drug history
– Blood pressure-
– Height , weight
– Mini mental State examination
– KATZ
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Study population for screening
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Screening for drugs
Two step screening
1. Data collector in field – checklist
2. Pharmacist based on the drug history and
photographs - https://pillbox.nlm.nih.gov/
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At Klinik Kesihatans
KK
Segamat
KK
Chaah
DCs
• Consent Questionnaire
• Anthropometry
• BP
• Frailty
• PASE
• Physical activity
PhD
• Depression
• Cognitive
• FFQ
• 24 hr diet recall
Lab technician /phlebotomist
• 15 ml whole blood
• Dried blood spot
• GRBS
• Saliva
• Spot urine collection
• Instruction and kit for 24 urine collection
Counselling
• Nutritionist/ dietician
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Handgrip
strength
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Timed up and go test
Gait speed Functional assessment
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Dried blood spots
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Glucometer random blood sugar
Capillary blood- finger prick
sample
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Venous blood- 15 ml
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Saliva
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Collection of saliva sample
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• 2 month and 4 month home visit
• Reinforcement message
• Adherence check list
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• Same as baseline
• At the end of the study
Focus group discussion in the community (4)- for each arm of the
intervention
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Progress
▪ MUHREC clearance
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Updates
▪ NMRR and MREC in progress
▪ Resource mapping , procurement and DC recruitment – Project manager has
been recruited
▪ Screening will start by May
▪ Mario and Andrea visit mid- late May for training
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Systematic review on salt and cognition